Podcast
Questions and Answers
When measuring a patient's oral temperature, which action would lead to an inaccurate reading?
When measuring a patient's oral temperature, which action would lead to an inaccurate reading?
- Using a lubricated sheath or cover on the thermometer probe.
- Waiting 15 minutes after the patient consumed hot or cold liquids. (correct)
- Positioning the thermometer probe in the sublingual pocket.
- Instructing the patient to keep their mouth closed throughout the measurement.
Which factor would most likely cause a falsely low blood pressure reading?
Which factor would most likely cause a falsely low blood pressure reading?
- Using a blood pressure cuff that is too narrow for the patient's arm.
- Positioning the patient's arm above the level of the heart. (correct)
- Reinflating the cuff without completely deflating it first.
- Inflating the blood pressure cuff too slowly.
A patient with pneumonia is breathing rapidly. How would you accurately assess their respiratory rate?
A patient with pneumonia is breathing rapidly. How would you accurately assess their respiratory rate?
- Inform the patient you will be assessing their respirations; observe and count the number of breaths for 15 seconds, then multiply by four.
- Count the number of breaths while appearing to assess the patient's radial pulse for a full minute. (correct)
- Observe the rise and fall of the patient's chest for 15 seconds, informing the patient they will be assessed, then multiply by four.
- Ask the patient to breathe normally, and count the number of breaths for 30 seconds, then multiply by two.
Which clinical situation is a contraindication for using the temporal artery to assess temperature?
Which clinical situation is a contraindication for using the temporal artery to assess temperature?
What is the rationale for using a systematic approach during a physical assessment?
What is the rationale for using a systematic approach during a physical assessment?
During a general survey, which observation would be most concerning and require immediate follow-up?
During a general survey, which observation would be most concerning and require immediate follow-up?
When performing auscultation of the abdomen, in which order should you assess?
When performing auscultation of the abdomen, in which order should you assess?
Which assessment finding is an example of subjective data?
Which assessment finding is an example of subjective data?
In which abdominal quadrant would you expect to palpate the liver?
In which abdominal quadrant would you expect to palpate the liver?
Which consideration is most important for the nurse to assess in an elderly patient during a physical examination?
Which consideration is most important for the nurse to assess in an elderly patient during a physical examination?
What nursing assessment should be prioritized before assisting a patient with a shower?
What nursing assessment should be prioritized before assisting a patient with a shower?
What is the primary rationale for using clean gloves during a patient's bed bath?
What is the primary rationale for using clean gloves during a patient's bed bath?
A patient with limited mobility is being bathed. Which area requires special attention to prevent skin breakdown?
A patient with limited mobility is being bathed. Which area requires special attention to prevent skin breakdown?
During perineal care for a female patient, in which direction should the nurse cleanse?
During perineal care for a female patient, in which direction should the nurse cleanse?
An elderly patient with dementia is resisting oral hygiene. What is the most appropriate nursing intervention?
An elderly patient with dementia is resisting oral hygiene. What is the most appropriate nursing intervention?
When providing denture care, what step is essential to ensure patient safety?
When providing denture care, what step is essential to ensure patient safety?
A patient consistently refuses a bath. What is the nurse's priority action?
A patient consistently refuses a bath. What is the nurse's priority action?
What is an essential teaching point to include when educating a patient about foot care, particularly for those with diabetes or circulatory issues?
What is an essential teaching point to include when educating a patient about foot care, particularly for those with diabetes or circulatory issues?
Which location is generally considered most accurate for measuring core body temperature?
Which location is generally considered most accurate for measuring core body temperature?
What change should be made when taking blood pressure on a patient who has had a double mastectomy with lymph node removal?
What change should be made when taking blood pressure on a patient who has had a double mastectomy with lymph node removal?
Which action is most important when performing a head-to-toe assessment?
Which action is most important when performing a head-to-toe assessment?
A patient is experiencing acute shortness of breath. Which assessment should be completed first?
A patient is experiencing acute shortness of breath. Which assessment should be completed first?
Which statement describes objective data obtained during a physical assessment?
Which statement describes objective data obtained during a physical assessment?
When assessing the carotid arteries, what is most important for the nurse to do?
When assessing the carotid arteries, what is most important for the nurse to do?
Which factor should the nurse be most aware of when assessing pedal pulses in a patient with peripheral vascular disease?
Which factor should the nurse be most aware of when assessing pedal pulses in a patient with peripheral vascular disease?
Which assessment finding indicates a risk for falls in an older adult?
Which assessment finding indicates a risk for falls in an older adult?
Which action demonstrates appropriate safety measures during a bed bath?
Which action demonstrates appropriate safety measures during a bed bath?
For a patient receiving oxygen via nasal cannula, which area needs frequent monitoring?
For a patient receiving oxygen via nasal cannula, which area needs frequent monitoring?
A patient who is NPO (nothing by mouth) requires frequent oral care. What is the most appropriate intervention?
A patient who is NPO (nothing by mouth) requires frequent oral care. What is the most appropriate intervention?
A nurse is preparing to administer a medication to a patient. Which action is most crucial to ensure patient safety?
A nurse is preparing to administer a medication to a patient. Which action is most crucial to ensure patient safety?
Which assessment is completed to determine the neurovascular status of a limb?
Which assessment is completed to determine the neurovascular status of a limb?
A patient reports feeling anxious prior to a procedure. What is the nurse's best initial response?
A patient reports feeling anxious prior to a procedure. What is the nurse's best initial response?
What is the primary technique used to assess skin turgor?
What is the primary technique used to assess skin turgor?
The nurse can use the Glasgow Coma Scale when assessing what?
The nurse can use the Glasgow Coma Scale when assessing what?
Which action is most important when delegating hygiene care to assistive personnel?
Which action is most important when delegating hygiene care to assistive personnel?
A patient is scheduled to have a blood draw. What information is important for the nurse to verify about the blood draw?
A patient is scheduled to have a blood draw. What information is important for the nurse to verify about the blood draw?
What question is most important for the nurse to ask a patient before administering a new medication?
What question is most important for the nurse to ask a patient before administering a new medication?
A patient with a fever is shivering. What is the rationale for providing an extra blanket?
A patient with a fever is shivering. What is the rationale for providing an extra blanket?
When assessing peripheral edema, what location is most commonly assessed?
When assessing peripheral edema, what location is most commonly assessed?
Which technique is used to assess the size, shape, and consistency of abdominal organs?
Which technique is used to assess the size, shape, and consistency of abdominal organs?
Which patient is most at risk for developing a pressure injury?
Which patient is most at risk for developing a pressure injury?
A patient has a right arm cast that extends to the elbow. What assessment finding should be immediately reported?
A patient has a right arm cast that extends to the elbow. What assessment finding should be immediately reported?
Flashcards
Normal Vital Signs
Normal Vital Signs
Typical values for body temperature, pulse rate, respiration rate, blood pressure, and oxygen saturation.
Temperature Measurement Sites
Temperature Measurement Sites
Oral: Under the tongue. Tympanic: In the ear. Temporal: Across the forehead. Axillary: Under the arm. Rectal: In the rectum.
Blood Pressure Measurement
Blood Pressure Measurement
Locate the artery, apply the cuff, inflate, then slowly deflate while listening with a stethoscope.
Respiration Rate Assessment
Respiration Rate Assessment
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Oxygen Saturation Measurement
Oxygen Saturation Measurement
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Contraindications for Vital Signs
Contraindications for Vital Signs
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Head-to-Toe Assessment
Head-to-Toe Assessment
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Physical Assessment Techniques
Physical Assessment Techniques
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General Survey
General Survey
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Subjective Data
Subjective Data
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Objective Data
Objective Data
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Organ Assessment Locations
Organ Assessment Locations
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Factors Affecting Patient Assessment
Factors Affecting Patient Assessment
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Pre-Bathing Assessment
Pre-Bathing Assessment
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Bathing Safety Measures
Bathing Safety Measures
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Perineal Care
Perineal Care
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Oral Hygiene
Oral Hygiene
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Denture Care
Denture Care
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Patient Refusal of Care
Patient Refusal of Care
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Patient Hygiene Education
Patient Hygiene Education
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Study Notes
Vital Signs
- Proper techniques are needed for accurate vital sign measurement
- This includes temperature, blood pressure, pulse, respirations, and oxygen saturation
Temperature Measurement
- Temperatures can be taken through various routes: oral, axillary, tympanic, temporal, and rectal
- Each route has its own normal values
Blood Pressure Measurement
- Blood pressure is measured using a sphygmomanometer and stethoscope
- Proper cuff size and placement are essential
- The patient should be seated with their arm supported at heart level
Pulse Measurement
- Pulse is assessed for rate, rhythm, and strength
- Common sites include radial, brachial, and carotid arteries
Respiration Measurement
- Respiratory rate is observed by counting the number of breaths per minute.
- Note the depth and rhythm
Oxygen Saturation
- Oxygen saturation is measured using a pulse oximeter, typically placed on a finger or earlobe
- It measures the percentage of hemoglobin saturated with oxygen
Contraindications for Vital Signs
- Certain conditions may make it difficult or impossible to obtain vital signs accurately
- Examples include recent surgery on an extremity (for blood pressure) or altered mental status (for oral temperature)
Head-to-Toe Assessment
- A systematic approach to physical assessment is commonly used
- Usually it proceeds from head to toe
Head-to-Toe Assessment Normals
- Normal findings for each body system need to be known so that deviations can be identified
Head-to-Toe Assessment Sequence
- Inspection, palpation, percussion, and auscultation are usually used
- The sequence may vary depending on the body system being assessed
General Survey
- The general survey involves observing the patient's overall appearance, hygiene, and behavior
Physical Assessment Techniques
- Inspection involves visual examination
- Palpation uses touch to assess texture, temperature, and masses
- Percussion involves striking body surfaces to produce sounds
- Auscultation involves listening to body sounds with a stethoscope.
Subjective vs Objective Data
- Subjective data is what the patient tells you
- Objective data is what you observe or measure
Organ Assessment
- Specific areas of the body are used to assess specific organs
- Example: the abdomen for bowel sounds
Factors Affecting Assessment
- The nurse should consider factors such as fluid status, underlying conditions, and age when assessing patients.
Hygiene: Bathing Considerations
- Prior to bathing, assess the patient's physical and cognitive abilities, skin condition, and preferences
- Perineal care is an important part of bathing
Hygiene: Safety
- Safety measures must be implemented during hygiene care to prevent falls and injuries
Hygiene: Oral Hygiene
- Oral hygiene includes brushing teeth, flossing, and using mouthwash
Hygiene: Denture Care
- Dentures requires special cleaning and handling to prevent damage or loss
Hygiene: Refusal
- Patients have the right to refuse hygiene care
- The nurse should try to understand the reasons for refusal and provide education
Hygiene: Patient Education
- Educate patients about the importance of hygiene and how to perform it safely and effectively
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