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Questions and Answers
What do Gestalt principles concern?
What do Gestalt principles concern?
The basic rules that govern how an object is seen
What is figure-ground perception?
What is figure-ground perception?
A tendency that we detect the foreground and background relationship
What is similarity in the context of Gestalt principles?
What is similarity in the context of Gestalt principles?
A tendency of grouping similar objects (in terms of shape, location or other possible physical dimensions) as a category
What is closure in the context of Gestalt principles?
What is closure in the context of Gestalt principles?
What is proximity in the context of Gestalt principles?
What is proximity in the context of Gestalt principles?
What is continuity in the context of Gestalt principles?
What is continuity in the context of Gestalt principles?
What is the object in the external world called?
What is the object in the external world called?
What is the object called that is perceived with the proximal stimulation?
What is the object called that is perceived with the proximal stimulation?
When experiences and expectation affect how a perceptual image is constructed, discrepancy is, therefore, expected between distal object and perceptual object.
When experiences and expectation affect how a perceptual image is constructed, discrepancy is, therefore, expected between distal object and perceptual object.
What is the advantage of top-down processing?
What is the advantage of top-down processing?
What is a drawback of top-down processing?
What is a drawback of top-down processing?
Interaction between bottom-up and top-down processing is necessary.
Interaction between bottom-up and top-down processing is necessary.
Templates are an analogy of a 'grandmother cell'.
Templates are an analogy of a 'grandmother cell'.
The feature detection theory suggests that objects can be decomposed into different simple features.
The feature detection theory suggests that objects can be decomposed into different simple features.
Every object shares different degrees of perceptual similarity with each other.
Every object shares different degrees of perceptual similarity with each other.
A hierarchical model with layers of processing nodes (demons) therefore is established to explain the feature detection theory.
A hierarchical model with layers of processing nodes (demons) therefore is established to explain the feature detection theory.
The first layer of feature detection contains nodes that captures the presented image and can be activated by the presence of simple features.
The first layer of feature detection contains nodes that captures the presented image and can be activated by the presence of simple features.
The theories mentioned previously mostly focus on 2-D perception.
The theories mentioned previously mostly focus on 2-D perception.
Our eyes and the corresponding visual processing are well-prepared to receive information in a 3D context.
Our eyes and the corresponding visual processing are well-prepared to receive information in a 3D context.
Binocular disparity makes use of the difference between the left and right visual fields and creates a 3-dimensional perspective.
Binocular disparity makes use of the difference between the left and right visual fields and creates a 3-dimensional perspective.
Whereas binocular convergence refers to the detection of the stretch of the eye muscles in estimating the depth of the distal object.
Whereas binocular convergence refers to the detection of the stretch of the eye muscles in estimating the depth of the distal object.
The whole process of constructing perceptual images purely and directly from distal objects is an example of bottom-up processing.
The whole process of constructing perceptual images purely and directly from distal objects is an example of bottom-up processing.
When experiences and expectation affect how a perceptual image is constructed, discrepancy is, therefore, expected between distal object and perceptual object, this is top-down processing.
When experiences and expectation affect how a perceptual image is constructed, discrepancy is, therefore, expected between distal object and perceptual object, this is top-down processing.
The concept of constancy, object superiority effect is an example of top-down processing.
The concept of constancy, object superiority effect is an example of top-down processing.
What is the reason that top-down processing seems to be so automatic that no one can consciously control it?
What is the reason that top-down processing seems to be so automatic that no one can consciously control it?
The inability to perceive face, and highly familiar objects, is called prosopagnosia.
The inability to perceive face, and highly familiar objects, is called prosopagnosia.
The inability to perceive letters and words is called alexia.
The inability to perceive letters and words is called alexia.
The inability to perceive common objects is called associative visual agnosia.
The inability to perceive common objects is called associative visual agnosia.
Flashcards
Gestalt Principles
Gestalt Principles
Basic rules governing how we perceive objects.
Figure-ground perception
Figure-ground perception
Our tendency to distinguish foreground and background.
Similarity
Similarity
Grouping similar objects based on shape, location, etc.
Closure
Closure
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Proximity
Proximity
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Continuity
Continuity
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Bottom-up processing
Bottom-up processing
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Top-down processing
Top-down processing
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Distal object
Distal object
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Proximal stimulation
Proximal stimulation
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Perceptual object
Perceptual object
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Templates
Templates
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Feature detection theory
Feature detection theory
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Binocular disparity
Binocular disparity
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Binocular convergence
Binocular convergence
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Monocular cues
Monocular cues
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Geons
Geons
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Facial perception
Facial perception
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Prosopagnosia
Prosopagnosia
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Associative Visual Agnosia
Associative Visual Agnosia
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Alexia
Alexia
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Interaction (between bottom-up and top-down)
Interaction (between bottom-up and top-down)
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3D World
3D World
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Study Notes
Visual Perception
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Gestalt Principles: Basic rules governing how objects are perceived.
- Figure-ground perception: Differentiating foreground from background.
- Similarity: Grouping similar objects.
- Closure: Filling in missing parts of shapes.
- Proximity: Grouping objects that are close together.
- Continuity: Seeing continuous lines.
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Bottom-up and Top-down Processing: Two ways of processing visual information.
- Bottom-up: Processing based solely on sensory input.
- Top-down: Processing influenced by prior knowledge and expectations.
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Interaction between Bottom-up and Top-down Processing: Both are necessary for complete visual processing.
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Templates: Mental templates stored in memory that are matched against sensory input.
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Feature Detection Theory: Breaking down objects into simple features processed hierarchically.
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3D Perception: Binocular disparity and other cues create a 3D perception.
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Facial Perception: Faces are perceived holistically, not just as a collection of features.
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Visual Perceptual Systems: Three possible types of disorders that can affect people’s ability to perceive objects in the world.
- Prosopagnosia: Inability to recognize faces.
- Alexia: Inability to recognize letters or words.
- Associative visual agnosia: Inability to recognize common objects.
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