Vision and Anatomy

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Which part of the eye is responsible for allowing light to pass through it?

The cornea

What is the function of the iris?

To adapt to changing light conditions

What is the process called when the lens becomes more curved?

Accommodation

Which part of the eye is located behind the cornea and contains the pupil?

<p>The iris</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the iris in poor light conditions?

<p>It expands</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the eye is responsible for defining vague movement?

<p>Rods</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of cones in the eye?

<p>To provide visual acuity or accuracy</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of rods in the eye?

<p>To define vague movement</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the iris in bright light conditions?

<p>It contracts</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the process called when the lens flattens?

<p>Accommodation</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of stress is considered to be the more important of the two in flying?

<p>Emotional stress</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the categories of stress?

<p>Physical, physiological, and emotional</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which category of stressors includes environmental conditions such as temperature and noise?

<p>Physical stressors</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which stage of stress is characterized by the release of adrenaline into the bloodstream?

<p>The alarm stage</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the third stage of the fight or flight response called?

<p>The exhaustion stage</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the eye is responsible for allowing light to pass through it?

<p>The cornea</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to define short-sightedness?

<p>Myopia</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to define long-sightedness?

<p>Hypermetropia</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the condition called when the eyes tend to adopt a resting focus at a point approximately two metres away?

<p>Empty field myopia</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the eye is responsible for achieving night vision?

<p>The rods</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of fatigue occurs over a longer period of time and requires a prolonged recovery period?

<p>Chronic fatigue</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are some symptoms of fatigue?

<p>Decreased concentration and forgetfulness</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most obvious prevention and treatment for fatigue?

<p>Proper balance between work and rest</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the most basic elements of coping with chronic stress issues?

<p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of Crew Resource Management (CRM)?

<p>To avoid work overload</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which stage of sleep is characterized by rapid eye movements beneath closed eyelids?

<p>Stage 1</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which stage of sleep is associated with physical restoration?

<p>Stage 4</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of insomnia is based on the anticipation of a near-future event?

<p>Nervous insomnia</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of insomnia is the result of a disturbance in body rhythms?

<p>Acute insomnia</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which factor should be considered when assessing self-health according to the IMSAFE checklist?

<p>Stress</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a physical sign of anxiety?

<p>Increased heart rate</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a behavioral sign of anxiety?

<p>Smoking excessively</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most effective strategy for managing stress?

<p>Dealing with both the stressor and its emotional impact</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a stress defense mechanism?

<p>Being fully aware of the stressor</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the first step in effective stress management?

<p>Training yourself to be able to recognize the symptoms of stress</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which stage of sleep is characterized by very low frequency brain waves?

<p>Stage 4</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of insomnia refers to a difficulty in sleeping under normal circumstances when the body requires sleep?

<p>Clinical insomnia</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a recommendation for sleep management?

<p>Consume alcohol before going to bed</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which factor is NOT considered in the IMSAFE self-health assessment checklist?

<p>Fatigue</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a category of stressors?

<p>Physical demands</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of fatigue occurs over a longer period of time as a result of lack of sleep, excessive workload, stress, and even jet lag?

<p>Chronic fatigue</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are some symptoms of fatigue?

<p>Decreased awareness and poor concentration</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most obvious prevention and treatment for fatigue?

<p>Proper balance between work and rest</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the body's method of recharging and revitalizing itself?

<p>Sleep</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of stress is considered to be the more important of the two in flying?

<p>Chronic stress</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an incorrect method of dealing with stress according to the text?

<p>Recognizing the symptoms</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the first step in effective stress management according to the text?

<p>Training yourself to recognize the symptoms</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are some common physical signs of stress according to the text?

<p>Cold, sweaty hands</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most effective strategy for managing stress according to the text?

<p>Reducing the negative emotional impact</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of practicing certain emergency techniques or making good backup plans according to the text?

<p>To improve reactive coping techniques</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which category of stress can be caused by prolonged physical discomfort, such as flying an aeroplane through turbulence for any length of time?

<p>Physical stress</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which category of stress is considered to be the more important of the two and can broadly be categorized as either acute or chronic?

<p>Emotional stress</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which category of stress occurs as a result of immediate demands placed on the body, such as bad weather, diversion, or flight deck crisis?

<p>Acute stress</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which category of stress is usually longer term and may be brought about by both positive and negative events, such as marriage, death of a close friend or family member, or divorce?

<p>Chronic stress</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which stage of the fight or flight response is characterized by the immediate reaction to a stressor, release of adrenaline, increased heartbeat and breathing, and improved vision and muscular strength?

<p>The alarm stage</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the eye is responsible for enabling the eye to adapt to changing light conditions?

<p>The iris</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of cones in the eye?

<p>Perceiving color</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the lens in the eye?

<p>Enabling the eye to adapt to changing light conditions</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of rods in the eye?

<p>Defining vague movement</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most important sense for a pilot to obtain reference information during flight?

<p>Vision</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the eye is responsible for achieving maximum visual acuity at night?

<p>The fovea</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to define long-sightedness?

<p>Hypermetropia</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the condition called when the eyes tend to adopt a resting focus at a point approximately two meters away?

<p>Empty field myopia</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which factor can adversely affect night vision?

<p>Increasing age</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an optical illusion that makes a static light appear to be moving when stared at for a period of time in a dark environment?

<p>Auto-kinesis</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the eye is responsible for changing the shape of the lens?

<p>Ciliary muscles</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of cones in the eye?

<p>To provide visual acuity or accuracy</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the eye is responsible for peripheral vision and function, essential for both orientation and night vision?

<p>Rods</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the cornea in the eye?

<p>To allow light to pass through it</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of rods in the eye?

<p>To define vague movement</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which stage of sleep is characterized by very low frequency brain waves?

<p>Stage 3 and 4 sleep</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common type of insomnia?

<p>Nervous insomnia</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which category of stressors includes temperature and noise?

<p>Environmental stressors</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended sleeping environment for optimal sleep?

<p>A comfortable bed in a dark, quiet room at a pleasant temperature with fresh air</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which factor is NOT considered in the IMSAFE self-health assessment checklist?

<p>Stress</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the eye is responsible for our sharpest vision?

<p>The fovea</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to define short-sightedness?

<p>Myopia</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to define long-sightedness?

<p>Hypermetropia</p> Signup and view all the answers

Under what conditions does the 'Night Blind Spot' appear?

<p>Poor light and darkness</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which category of stress can be caused by flying over snow-covered or desert surfaces with predominantly featureless ground?

<p>Ground lighting stress</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a physiological stressor?

<p>A mild infection (e.g. flu)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following factors does NOT determine our response to stress?

<p>Intelligence</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a stage of the fight or flight response?

<p>The recovery stage</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT an example of acute stress?

<p>Concern over employment security</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a category of stressors?

<p>Psychological</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of fatigue occurs over a longer period of time as a result of lack of sleep, excessive workload, stress, and even jet lag?

<p>Chronic fatigue</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are some symptoms of fatigue?

<p>Loss of appetite and increased reliance on alcohol and drugs</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the condition called when the eyes tend to adopt a resting focus at a point approximately two meters away?

<p>Hypermetropia</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the eye is responsible for allowing light to pass through it?

<p>Cornea</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the most basic elements of coping with chronic stress issues?

<p>Taking care of the physical causes of stress</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a reactive measure for dealing with stress during flight?

<p>Preparation</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of practicing certain emergency techniques or making good backup plans according to the text?

<p>To improve reactive coping techniques</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a common signal of stress according to the text?

<p>Non-standard phrases</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a stress defense mechanism according to the text?

<p>A lack of awareness</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a physical sign of anxiety according to the text?

<p>Unwarranted anger</p> Signup and view all the answers

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