Vision and Anatomy
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Questions and Answers

Which part of the eye is responsible for allowing light to pass through it?

  • The cornea (correct)
  • The iris
  • The lens
  • The pupil
  • What is the function of the iris?

  • To adapt to changing light conditions (correct)
  • To change the shape of the lens
  • To seal the front of the eye
  • To allow light to pass through it
  • What is the process called when the lens becomes more curved?

  • Accommodation (correct)
  • Relaxation
  • Refraction
  • Contraction
  • Which part of the eye is located behind the cornea and contains the pupil?

    <p>The iris</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the iris in poor light conditions?

    <p>It expands</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of the eye is responsible for defining vague movement?

    <p>Rods</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of cones in the eye?

    <p>To provide visual acuity or accuracy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of rods in the eye?

    <p>To define vague movement</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the iris in bright light conditions?

    <p>It contracts</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the process called when the lens flattens?

    <p>Accommodation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of stress is considered to be the more important of the two in flying?

    <p>Emotional stress</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the categories of stress?

    <p>Physical, physiological, and emotional</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which category of stressors includes environmental conditions such as temperature and noise?

    <p>Physical stressors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which stage of stress is characterized by the release of adrenaline into the bloodstream?

    <p>The alarm stage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the third stage of the fight or flight response called?

    <p>The exhaustion stage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of the eye is responsible for allowing light to pass through it?

    <p>The cornea</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to define short-sightedness?

    <p>Myopia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to define long-sightedness?

    <p>Hypermetropia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the condition called when the eyes tend to adopt a resting focus at a point approximately two metres away?

    <p>Empty field myopia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of the eye is responsible for achieving night vision?

    <p>The rods</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of fatigue occurs over a longer period of time and requires a prolonged recovery period?

    <p>Chronic fatigue</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are some symptoms of fatigue?

    <p>Decreased concentration and forgetfulness</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most obvious prevention and treatment for fatigue?

    <p>Proper balance between work and rest</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the most basic elements of coping with chronic stress issues?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of Crew Resource Management (CRM)?

    <p>To avoid work overload</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which stage of sleep is characterized by rapid eye movements beneath closed eyelids?

    <p>Stage 1</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which stage of sleep is associated with physical restoration?

    <p>Stage 4</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of insomnia is based on the anticipation of a near-future event?

    <p>Nervous insomnia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of insomnia is the result of a disturbance in body rhythms?

    <p>Acute insomnia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor should be considered when assessing self-health according to the IMSAFE checklist?

    <p>Stress</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a physical sign of anxiety?

    <p>Increased heart rate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a behavioral sign of anxiety?

    <p>Smoking excessively</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most effective strategy for managing stress?

    <p>Dealing with both the stressor and its emotional impact</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a stress defense mechanism?

    <p>Being fully aware of the stressor</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the first step in effective stress management?

    <p>Training yourself to be able to recognize the symptoms of stress</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which stage of sleep is characterized by very low frequency brain waves?

    <p>Stage 4</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of insomnia refers to a difficulty in sleeping under normal circumstances when the body requires sleep?

    <p>Clinical insomnia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a recommendation for sleep management?

    <p>Consume alcohol before going to bed</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor is NOT considered in the IMSAFE self-health assessment checklist?

    <p>Fatigue</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a category of stressors?

    <p>Physical demands</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of fatigue occurs over a longer period of time as a result of lack of sleep, excessive workload, stress, and even jet lag?

    <p>Chronic fatigue</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are some symptoms of fatigue?

    <p>Decreased awareness and poor concentration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most obvious prevention and treatment for fatigue?

    <p>Proper balance between work and rest</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the body's method of recharging and revitalizing itself?

    <p>Sleep</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of stress is considered to be the more important of the two in flying?

    <p>Chronic stress</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an incorrect method of dealing with stress according to the text?

    <p>Recognizing the symptoms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the first step in effective stress management according to the text?

    <p>Training yourself to recognize the symptoms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are some common physical signs of stress according to the text?

    <p>Cold, sweaty hands</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most effective strategy for managing stress according to the text?

    <p>Reducing the negative emotional impact</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of practicing certain emergency techniques or making good backup plans according to the text?

    <p>To improve reactive coping techniques</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which category of stress can be caused by prolonged physical discomfort, such as flying an aeroplane through turbulence for any length of time?

    <p>Physical stress</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which category of stress is considered to be the more important of the two and can broadly be categorized as either acute or chronic?

    <p>Emotional stress</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which category of stress occurs as a result of immediate demands placed on the body, such as bad weather, diversion, or flight deck crisis?

    <p>Acute stress</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which category of stress is usually longer term and may be brought about by both positive and negative events, such as marriage, death of a close friend or family member, or divorce?

    <p>Chronic stress</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which stage of the fight or flight response is characterized by the immediate reaction to a stressor, release of adrenaline, increased heartbeat and breathing, and improved vision and muscular strength?

    <p>The alarm stage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of the eye is responsible for enabling the eye to adapt to changing light conditions?

    <p>The iris</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of cones in the eye?

    <p>Perceiving color</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the lens in the eye?

    <p>Enabling the eye to adapt to changing light conditions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of rods in the eye?

    <p>Defining vague movement</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most important sense for a pilot to obtain reference information during flight?

    <p>Vision</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of the eye is responsible for achieving maximum visual acuity at night?

    <p>The fovea</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to define long-sightedness?

    <p>Hypermetropia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the condition called when the eyes tend to adopt a resting focus at a point approximately two meters away?

    <p>Empty field myopia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor can adversely affect night vision?

    <p>Increasing age</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an optical illusion that makes a static light appear to be moving when stared at for a period of time in a dark environment?

    <p>Auto-kinesis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of the eye is responsible for changing the shape of the lens?

    <p>Ciliary muscles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of cones in the eye?

    <p>To provide visual acuity or accuracy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of the eye is responsible for peripheral vision and function, essential for both orientation and night vision?

    <p>Rods</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the cornea in the eye?

    <p>To allow light to pass through it</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of rods in the eye?

    <p>To define vague movement</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which stage of sleep is characterized by very low frequency brain waves?

    <p>Stage 3 and 4 sleep</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most common type of insomnia?

    <p>Nervous insomnia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which category of stressors includes temperature and noise?

    <p>Environmental stressors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended sleeping environment for optimal sleep?

    <p>A comfortable bed in a dark, quiet room at a pleasant temperature with fresh air</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor is NOT considered in the IMSAFE self-health assessment checklist?

    <p>Stress</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of the eye is responsible for our sharpest vision?

    <p>The fovea</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to define short-sightedness?

    <p>Myopia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to define long-sightedness?

    <p>Hypermetropia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Under what conditions does the 'Night Blind Spot' appear?

    <p>Poor light and darkness</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which category of stress can be caused by flying over snow-covered or desert surfaces with predominantly featureless ground?

    <p>Ground lighting stress</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a physiological stressor?

    <p>A mild infection (e.g. flu)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following factors does NOT determine our response to stress?

    <p>Intelligence</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a stage of the fight or flight response?

    <p>The recovery stage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT an example of acute stress?

    <p>Concern over employment security</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a category of stressors?

    <p>Psychological</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of fatigue occurs over a longer period of time as a result of lack of sleep, excessive workload, stress, and even jet lag?

    <p>Chronic fatigue</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are some symptoms of fatigue?

    <p>Loss of appetite and increased reliance on alcohol and drugs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the condition called when the eyes tend to adopt a resting focus at a point approximately two meters away?

    <p>Hypermetropia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of the eye is responsible for allowing light to pass through it?

    <p>Cornea</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the most basic elements of coping with chronic stress issues?

    <p>Taking care of the physical causes of stress</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a reactive measure for dealing with stress during flight?

    <p>Preparation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of practicing certain emergency techniques or making good backup plans according to the text?

    <p>To improve reactive coping techniques</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a common signal of stress according to the text?

    <p>Non-standard phrases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a stress defense mechanism according to the text?

    <p>A lack of awareness</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a physical sign of anxiety according to the text?

    <p>Unwarranted anger</p> Signup and view all the answers

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