Viscosity and Volcanic Eruptions Quiz
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Questions and Answers

Which term best describes the property of a material that characterizes its resistance to flow?

  • Density
  • Porosity
  • Elasticity
  • Viscosity (correct)
  • What does a higher viscosity indicate about a liquid?

  • It is more gas-like in behavior.
  • It is thicker and more resistant to flow. (correct)
  • It has a lower temperature.
  • It is thinner and flows easily.
  • Which of the following statements is NOT true regarding viscosity?

  • Viscosity can affect the behavior of fluids under different conditions.
  • Viscosity is related to how thick or sticky a liquid is.
  • A more viscous liquid resists flow more than a less viscous one.
  • All liquids have the same viscosity regardless of their state. (correct)
  • In the context of viscosity, which of the following would have the least resistance to flow?

    <p>Water</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If a liquid is described as having low viscosity, what can be inferred about it?

    <p>It flows readily and easily.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one primary factor that affects the eruptive style of a volcano?

    <p>Magma's temperature</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary cause of volcanic eruptions?

    <p>Magma rising to the surface</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following scenarios is likely to cause magma to rise?

    <p>A decrease in pressure at a rift valley</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of these factors is least likely to impact the eruptive style of a volcano?

    <p>Construction materials used in nearby buildings</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role does water play in volcanic activity?

    <p>It promotes the melting of asthenosphere</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the chemical composition of magma influence volcanic eruptions?

    <p>It affects the size of gas bubbles that form</p> Signup and view all the answers

    At which location would you most likely find an increase in temperature contributing to volcanic activity?

    <p>A hot spot</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is the amount of dissolved gases in magma important for volcanic eruptions?

    <p>It influences the pressure build-up in the magma</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor is NOT associated with the formation of magma?

    <p>Change in mineral composition</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which combination of factors would likely lead to the most explosive volcanic eruption?

    <p>High temperature, high chemical reactivity, and high gases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a hot spot in geology?

    <p>An area where magma rises from deep within the mantle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why does magma escape at hot spots?

    <p>It occurs at regions of low pressure and weakness in the crust</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to magma as it rises to a hot spot?

    <p>It begins solid but melts when reaching lower pressure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about hot spots is accurate?

    <p>They can occur in locations far from tectonic plate boundaries</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary source of magma at a hot spot?

    <p>Mantle material heated by the Earth's core</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What effect does subduction have on the melting temperature in the asthenosphere?

    <p>It lowers the melting temperature.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which tectonic plate is being subducted in the Cascadia Subduction Zone?

    <p>Juan de Fuca Plate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of volcano forms when two oceanic plates converge?

    <p>An island volcano</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the convergence of oceanic and continental plates affect volcano formation?

    <p>Volcanoes form on land.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT represented in the diagram of the Cascadia Subduction Zone?

    <p>A breakdown of mineral compositions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between silica content and viscosity in magma?

    <p>Higher silica content results in higher viscosity.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of magma is likely to travel further before solidifying?

    <p>Magma with low silica content.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In terms of viscosity, how do low silica magmas compare to high silica magmas?

    <p>Low silica magmas are less viscous than high silica magmas.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of increasing silica content in magma on its fluidity?

    <p>It decreases fluidity.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement accurately describes the movement of low silica magmas?

    <p>They can travel significant distances before solidifying.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the presence of gas in magma affect its flow?

    <p>It increases the flow by decreasing viscosity.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to magma viscosity in near-surface environments due to gas loss?

    <p>Viscosity increases, making it more viscous.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about gas in magma is true?

    <p>Gas, mainly water vapor, enhances magma's flow ability.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of magma, what role do gases like water vapor play?

    <p>They facilitate flow by reducing viscosity.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What structural formations can result from magma that has undergone gas loss?

    <p>Dome or columnar formations.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does an increase in the temperature of magma affect its viscosity?

    <p>It decreases the viscosity.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the viscosity of lava as it flows and cools?

    <p>The viscosity increases.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If magma is initially at a high temperature, what can be expected about its ability to flow?

    <p>It will flow but eventually stop as it cools.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When does magma reach a point where it stops flowing?

    <p>As it cools and hardens.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What effect does high viscosity have on the movement of lava?

    <p>It results in slower movement of lava.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of a volcano serves as the pathway for lava to reach the surface?

    <p>Main Vent/Crater</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used for the solid material ejected during a volcanic eruption?

    <p>Tephra Bombs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of the volcano contains the molten rock before it erupts?

    <p>Magma Chamber</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What volcanic feature is primarily responsible for the cone shape of a volcano?

    <p>Cone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which layer of a volcano is characterized by loose rock and volcanic debris?

    <p>Cone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which flow type can travel a great distance due to its very fluid-like characteristics?

    <p>Basaltic Flow</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of magma flow is described as breaking up as it flows due to its viscosity?

    <p>Andesitic Flow</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary characteristic of the Rhyolitic Dome?

    <p>It piles up at a vent due to high viscosity.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does Rhyolitic Spire behave compared to other types of magma?

    <p>It rises out of the vent as a columnar plug.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of magma flow is likely to have the least movement due to its viscosity?

    <p>Rhyolitic Spire</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Viscosity

    • Viscosity is a material's resistance to flow.
    • It's described as the liquid's thickness and stickiness.
    • The more viscous and thicker the material, the greater its resistance to flow.

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    Description

    Test your knowledge on the concepts of viscosity and the dynamics of volcanic eruptions. This quiz covers the properties of materials related to flow resistance and important factors influencing volcanic activity. Answer questions about magma, gas content, and eruption styles to demonstrate your understanding of these key scientific concepts.

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