Viscosity and Shear Rate
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Questions and Answers

What is the definition of rheology?

  • The study of flow of liquids and deformation of matter (correct)
  • The study of flow of gases and deformation of matter
  • The study of fluid dynamics and heat transfer
  • The study of flow of solids and deformation of matter

What phenomenon leads to the increase in viscosity by forming hydroclusters?

  • Thixotropy
  • Shear thinning
  • Hydroclustering (correct)
  • Hysteresis loop

How is viscosity generally measured in rheological studies?

  • Temperature gradient analysis
  • Density measurement
  • Resistance to flow (correct)
  • Shear rate proportional to shear stress

How is thixotropy defined in terms of the conversion of sol to gel?

<p>Isothermal slow reversible (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the hysteresis loop represent in thixotropy?

<p>Irreversible thixotropy (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of deformation is reversible in a pharmaceutical system?

<p>Elasticity (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which process involves a slow conversion from solution-fluid to semisolid gel by applying shear stress?

<p>Thixotropy (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the viscosity unit commonly used, as described in the text?

<p>Poise or Centipoise (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of flow is exhibited by polymer dispersions like Tragacanth water and Sodium alginate in water?

<p>Pseudoplastic (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In what type of flow does the resistance to flow (viscosity) increase with an increase in shear rate?

<p>Dilatant (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does N equal to if a material exhibits Newtonian behavior?

<p>1 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What property characterizes Dilatant Flow?

<p>Volume increases with shear rate (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the formula to calculate the instrumental constant in the context of viscoelasticity?

<p>(T - Tf) / V (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of materials exhibit both the viscous properties of liquid and the elastic property of solids, as mentioned in the text?

<p>Creams and lotions (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of pharmaceutical products, what does rheology mainly study in terms of creams and ointments?

<p>Viscosity and spreading (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is studying rheological properties important in pharmaceutical products, according to the text?

<p>To understand formulation and analysis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of viscometers are suitable for both Newtonian and non-Newtonian systems?

<p>Rotational viscometers (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the falling sphere viscometer formula η = t (Sb – Sf) B, what does B represent?

<p>Constant for ball (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the formula provided for determining viscosity in Newtonian liquids using rotational viscometers?

<p>$\eta = C T/V$ (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why are multi-point instruments preferred over single-point instruments in non-Newtonian systems?

<p>To measure viscosity at different shear rates (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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