Viscosity and Shear Rate
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Questions and Answers

What is the definition of rheology?

  • The study of flow of liquids and deformation of matter (correct)
  • The study of flow of gases and deformation of matter
  • The study of fluid dynamics and heat transfer
  • The study of flow of solids and deformation of matter
  • What phenomenon leads to the increase in viscosity by forming hydroclusters?

  • Thixotropy
  • Shear thinning
  • Hydroclustering (correct)
  • Hysteresis loop
  • How is viscosity generally measured in rheological studies?

  • Temperature gradient analysis
  • Density measurement
  • Resistance to flow (correct)
  • Shear rate proportional to shear stress
  • How is thixotropy defined in terms of the conversion of sol to gel?

    <p>Isothermal slow reversible</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the hysteresis loop represent in thixotropy?

    <p>Irreversible thixotropy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of deformation is reversible in a pharmaceutical system?

    <p>Elasticity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which process involves a slow conversion from solution-fluid to semisolid gel by applying shear stress?

    <p>Thixotropy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the viscosity unit commonly used, as described in the text?

    <p>Poise or Centipoise</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of flow is exhibited by polymer dispersions like Tragacanth water and Sodium alginate in water?

    <p>Pseudoplastic</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In what type of flow does the resistance to flow (viscosity) increase with an increase in shear rate?

    <p>Dilatant</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does N equal to if a material exhibits Newtonian behavior?

    <p>1</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What property characterizes Dilatant Flow?

    <p>Volume increases with shear rate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the formula to calculate the instrumental constant in the context of viscoelasticity?

    <p>(T - Tf) / V</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of materials exhibit both the viscous properties of liquid and the elastic property of solids, as mentioned in the text?

    <p>Creams and lotions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of pharmaceutical products, what does rheology mainly study in terms of creams and ointments?

    <p>Viscosity and spreading</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is studying rheological properties important in pharmaceutical products, according to the text?

    <p>To understand formulation and analysis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of viscometers are suitable for both Newtonian and non-Newtonian systems?

    <p>Rotational viscometers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the falling sphere viscometer formula η = t (Sb – Sf) B, what does B represent?

    <p>Constant for ball</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the formula provided for determining viscosity in Newtonian liquids using rotational viscometers?

    <p>$\eta = C T/V$</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why are multi-point instruments preferred over single-point instruments in non-Newtonian systems?

    <p>To measure viscosity at different shear rates</p> Signup and view all the answers

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