Virtualization and Hypervisor Research

What was the focus of the 1st generation of software solutions for server virtualization?

Dynamic Translation
Para-virtualization
Silicon-based virtualization
Full virtualization (Binary rewriting) (correct)

Which type of virtualization involves the guest OS being unaware that it is in an emulated environment?

Full virtualization (Binary rewriting)
Dynamic Translation
Para-virtualization
Siliconbased virtualization (correct)

What are two popular open source emulators mentioned in the text?

Microsoft Virtual Machine and VMware
Hypervisor and Operating System
VMware and Xen
QEMU and Bochs (correct)

Which generation of software solutions for server virtualization involved hardware-assisted virtualization?

3rd Generation (B) Signup and view all the answers

What differentiates Para-virtualization from Full virtualization in server virtualization?

'Emulation layer talks to an operating system which talks to the computer hardware' in Para-virtualization but not in Full virtualization (B) Signup and view all the answers

What aspect represents a significant difference between the 2nd Generation and 3rd Generation of software solutions for server virtualization?

'Emulation layer' in 3rd Generation but not in 2nd Generation (D) Signup and view all the answers

What are the two classes of sensitive instructions discussed in the text?

Control sensitive and behavior sensitive (C) Signup and view all the answers

According to Popek and Goldberg, what is the key condition for running a virtual machine with desired properties?

Sensitive instructions are a subset of privileged instructions (A) Signup and view all the answers

In the context of virtual machines, what happens to sensitive instructions if they are a subset of privileged instructions?

They trap to the hypervisor for emulation (D) Signup and view all the answers

What term is used to describe a conventional third generation computer that allows the construction of a VMM without timing dependencies?

Recursively virtualizable (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which property defines a VMM's ability to control resources efficiently in virtualization?

Resource Control Efficiency (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of having all three desired properties for running a virtual machine effectively?

Enables most instructions to run directly with minimal slowdown (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main idea behind classifying instructions into privileged and sensitive instructions in a virtual machine architecture?

To determine which instructions cause a trap if executed in user mode and which change the underlying resources (A) Signup and view all the answers

In the context of a virtual machine monitor, what is the significance of having the guest OS run in user mode?

It necessitates the interception or replacement of privileged instructions (B) Signup and view all the answers

According to Popek and Goldberg, what is one of the goals for a virtual machine architecture?

Efficiency: Execution of most VM instructions directly on the underlying CPU (B) Signup and view all the answers

How does a virtual machine monitor ensure that a guest OS using a different instruction set than the host OS can run on the CPU?

By intercepting or replacing privileged instructions used by the guest OS (C) Signup and view all the answers

Why does a hypervisor need to run the guest OS directly on the CPU in a virtual machine setup?

To maintain efficiency by executing most VM instructions on the CPU (D) Signup and view all the answers

What imposes restrictions on the instruction set for a CPU in a virtual machine architecture according to Popek and Goldberg?

The classification of privileged and sensitive instructions for trap handling (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which approach in server virtualization allows running unmodified OSs?

Hardware-assisted virtualization (C) Signup and view all the answers

In network virtualization, what is the main goal?

Making a physical network appear as multiple logical ones (B) Signup and view all the answers

What special feature allows the VMM to intercept and emulate privileged operations in the guest OS?

Hardware-assisted virtualization (A) Signup and view all the answers

Why might creating an all-sizes-fit-into-one solution be challenging in virtualization?

It is almost impossible to predict future technological advancements (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which component runs at a more privileged ring than 0 in virtual machine virtualization?

Virtual Machine Monitor Device Drivers (B) Signup and view all the answers

What challenge does traditional server virtualization face regarding unmodified OSs running in a virtualized environment?

Speed and Flexibility issues (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary advantage of Electronic Data Interchange (EDI) mentioned in the text?

Lower operating costs (C) Signup and view all the answers

How do Web Services improve distributed computing interoperability according to the text?

By enabling communication between any two software components (D) Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes Web Services from EDI based on the text?

Usage of text-based communication protocols (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which technology transforms a network into a library of programmatic components available to developers, as per the text?

Web Services (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main benefit of Web Services being easier to debug according to the text?

Text-based communication protocols (D) Signup and view all the answers

How do Web Services differ from EDI in terms of efficiency and cost, based on the text?

Web Services are simpler and less expensive than EDI (D) Signup and view all the answers