Virology Basics: Structure, Replication

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Questions and Answers

What is the term for an individual virus particle?

  • Capsomere
  • Capsid
  • Virion (correct)
  • Viroid

What is the primary function of the viral capsid?

  • To protect the viral genome (correct)
  • To generate energy for the virus
  • To synthesize viral proteins
  • To integrate the viral genome into the host DNA

What type of nucleic acid is NOT found in virions?

  • RNA only
  • Either DNA or RNA
  • DNA and RNA (correct)
  • DNA only

What is the name given to viruses that lack an envelope?

<p>Naked viruses (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following describes positive-sense RNA (+ssRNA)?

<p>Can be immediately translated by the host cell (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which step of virus replication involves the virus binding to specific receptors on the host cell surface?

<p>Attachment (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the destruction of a host cell during viral release?

<p>Lysis (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What classification criteria is used to categorize viruses?

<p>Genome type, Capsid shape and presence of envelope (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term given to the ability of a virus to infect specific cells or tissues?

<p>Tropism (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of viral infection is characterized by a rapid onset and short duration?

<p>Acute infection (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

What are viruses?

Submicroscopic, parasitic, acellular genetic elements that introduce RNA or DNA into a host cell to multiply.

What is a virion?

An individual virus particle.

What is a capsid?

A protein shell of a virus protecting the viral genome and enabling host cell attachment.

What is a viral envelope?

A lipid bilayer membrane surrounding some viruses acquired from the host cell membrane.

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What is viral attachment?

The process of a virus binding to specific receptors on the host cell surface.

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What is uncoating?

The process where the viral genome is released from the capsid.

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How are viruses classified?

Viruses are classified based on genome type, strandedness, envelope, capsid shape, and size.

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What are acute infections?

Infections characterized by rapid onset and short duration, often leading to viral clearance.

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What are persistent infections?

Long-term infections that can be latent, chronic, or slow.

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What are viral diagnostics?

Methods to detect and identify viruses in clinical samples, including direct and indirect techniques.

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Study Notes

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