Viral Replication Overview Quiz
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Questions and Answers

During lysogenic replication, infected host cells ____________.

  • immediately lyse after infection
  • lose the ability to reproduce
  • grow and reproduce normally for generations (correct)
  • undergo rapid lysis after infection
  • What is the term used for temperate phages during their inactive state?

  • Transposon
  • Prophage (correct)
  • Plasmid
  • Retrovirus
  • What happens during lysogenic conversion?

  • Host cells become immune to viral infections
  • Phages carry genes that alter host cell phenotype (correct)
  • Phages are destroyed by the host cell
  • Host cells replicate rapidly
  • Which type of phages exhibit the lysogenic replication cycle?

    <p>Temperate phages</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the outcome of the lytic replication cycle in bacteriophages?

    <p>Host cells are lysed to release new virions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which term describes the pattern of virion abundance in the lytic cycle?

    <p>Exponential</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of Hepatitis B virus replication that distinguishes it from other DNA viruses of animals?

    <p>Replicates DNA from an RNA intermediary</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do ssDNA viruses like Parvoviruses ensure their replication?

    <p>ssDNA folds back on itself to form dsDNA</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of viral RNA can serve as mRNA during replication?

    <p>+ssRNA</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the synthesis of RNA viruses of animals, what characteristic distinguishes retroviruses?

    <p>Use of DNA as a replication intermediary</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the cellular location for the synthesis of viral proteins in animal viruses?

    <p>Cytoplasm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why can negative-sense (−) viral RNA not be directly translated?

    <p>Absence of a cap structure at the 5' end</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How are prion diseases typically transmitted?

    <p>By ingestion, transplantation, or contact with infected tissues</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic feature of spongiform encephalopathies caused by prions?

    <p>Development of large vacuoles in the brain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement about prions and sterilization procedures is true?

    <p>Incineration is a reliable method to destroy prions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a prion disease?

    <p>Smallpox</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is there no standard treatment for prion diseases?

    <p>Prions are resistant to standard medical treatments</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of animal viruses use their genomes as mRNA?

    <p>+ssRNA viruses</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of animal viruses synthesize RNA to act as the template for new DNA?

    <p>certain viruses such as hepatitis B</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of animal viruses synthesize DNA from viral RNA by viral reverse transcriptase?

    <p>Retroviruses</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of animal viruses use the positive strand of their genome as mRNA?

    <p>dsRNA viruses</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of animal viruses synthesize a complementary strand of DNA to act as a template for synthesis in the nucleus?

    <p>ssDNA viruses</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of animal viruses use a DNA intermediate transcribed by viral reverse transcriptase as a template to produce viral genomes?

    <p>Retroviruses</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the mass of neoplastic cells that result from uncontrolled cell division in multicellular animals?

    <p>Malignant tumor</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following environmental factors can contribute to the uncontrolled activation of oncogenes?

    <p>Ultraviolet light</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What percentage of human cancers may be caused by viruses?

    <p>20-25%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for genes that promote cell growth and division, which can lead to cancer when uncontrolled?

    <p>Oncogenes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT an environmental factor that can contribute to the activation of oncogenes?

    <p>Adequate sleep</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for genes that inhibit cell division, which can be 'turned on' to prevent unlimited division?

    <p>Tumor suppressor genes</p> Signup and view all the answers

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