Viral Replication and DNA Injection
20 Questions
0 Views

Choose a study mode

Play Quiz
Study Flashcards
Spaced Repetition
Chat to lesson

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

The bacterium does not burst open to release mature T4 particles.

False

The process of DNA injection into the bacterium can be visualized by cryoelectron microscopy in stained samples.

False

Prokaryotes do not have the capacity to take up nonviral DNA molecules from their surroundings.

False

Horizontal gene transfers occur frequently between different species of eukaryotes.

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

The bacterium bursts open to release immature T4 particles.

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

The DNA injection process can be visualized through light microscopy.

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

Prokaryotes do not have the ability to capture genetic information from their surroundings.

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

The heads of new T4 particles are found outside the bacterium.

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

Vibrio cholerae is a bacterium that causes cholera.

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

Escherichia coli is a pathogenic bacterium that can cause disease in humans.

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

Phototrophic species can generate oxygen as a by-product of harvesting light energy.

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

Lithotrophic species obtain their energy from consuming organic compounds.

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

Vibrio cholerae has a single flagellum at one end.

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

Escherichia coli has no flagella.

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

Viruses can infect cells of the same species only.

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

The infected cell is always killed by the massive proliferation of virus particles inside it.

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

Viruses can accidentally pick up fragments of DNA from the genome of one host cell and ferry them into another cell.

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

Horizontal transfers of genes between eukaryotic cells of different species are very common.

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

Viruses always insert their DNA into the cell's regular genome.

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

Massive transfers of genes from bacterial to eukaryotic genomes have not occurred in the evolution of mitochondria and chloroplasts.

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Bacteriophages

  • The large dark objects inside the bacterium are the heads of new T4 particles in the course of assembly
  • The bacterium will burst open to release mature T4 particles
  • The process of DNA injection into the bacterium can be visualized by cryoelectron microscopy
  • Attachment of the virus to the bacterium initiates DNA injection
  • The virus head empties its DNA into the bacterium, which then bursts open to release the mature virus particles

Gene Transfer

  • Horizontal gene transfers occur frequently between different species of prokaryotes
  • Prokaryotes can take up nonviral DNA molecules from their surroundings and capture the genetic information
  • Viruses can replicate in one cell, emerge, and infect another cell, potentially of a different species
  • Viral DNA can persist in the host cell for many generations as a separate intracellular fragment of DNA (plasmid) or a sequence inserted into the cell's genome
  • Horizontal transfers of genes between eukaryotic cells of different species are very rare

Prokaryotes

  • Phototrophic species harvest light energy in various ways, some generating oxygen as a by-product
  • Lithotrophic species feed on inorganic nutrients, getting their carbon from CO2 and relying on chemicals like H2S, H2, Fe2+, or elemental sulfur for energy
  • Bacteria have a simple internal organization, with a flagellum that rotates as a propeller to drive the cell forward
  • Examples of bacteria include Vibrio cholerae and Escherichia coli (E. coli), which have flagella distributed over their surface

Studying That Suits You

Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

Quiz Team

Description

This quiz covers the process of viral replication and DNA injection into bacteria, including the assembly of new T4 particles and their release from the bacterial cell.

More Like This

T4 2 parte
29 questions

T4 2 parte

StateOfTheArtHyena avatar
StateOfTheArtHyena
t4 parte 3
23 questions

t4 parte 3

StateOfTheArtHyena avatar
StateOfTheArtHyena
Use Quizgecko on...
Browser
Browser