38 Questions
What is the typical progression of lesions in Hand, Foot and Mouth Disease?
Erythematous macule to grey vesicles with an erythematous base
What is the incubation period of measles?
10-14 days
Which of the following is a symptom of herpangina?
All of the above
What is the type of virus that causes herpangina?
RNA virus
Which of the following is a common location for lesions in Hand, Foot and Mouth Disease?
Trunk, thighs, buttocks, and genitalia
What is the definition of ulceration?
A break in the continuity of an epithelial lining
What is the duration of marked cervical lymphadenopathy?
1-2 months
Which bacterium causes upper respiratory tract infection?
Corynebacterium diphtheriae
What is the characteristic of syphilitic glossitis?
Atrophic
What is the time frame for the development of condylomata and ulceration of oral mucosa?
2-4 months
What is the characteristic of gumma formation?
Necrotic granulomatous reaction
What is the common symptom of the disease?
All of the above
What is the effect of the infection on the palate?
Perforation
What is the type of pigmentation that is usually recognized?
Extrinsic
What is the primary objective of assessing patients for mouth cancer during dental examinations?
To identify potential malignancy
What is a potential complication of radiotherapy in the context of mouth cancer?
Osteonecrosis
What information should be included in the patient's medical history when referring them for a mouth cancer evaluation?
The patient's general medical history and social history
What is the purpose of categorizing the urgency of the referral in mouth cancer diagnosis?
To prioritize treatment based on the severity of the condition
What is a common symptom of mouth cancer that dentists should be aware of?
Chronic ulceration
What is the relevance of including the patient's telephone number in the referral process?
To enable the patient to be contacted for short-notice clinic appointments
What is a characteristic of the clinical diagnosis of mouth cancer?
It involves a detailed description of the lesion
What is the purpose of assessing the patient's lesion during a mouth cancer evaluation?
To identify the characteristics of the lesion
What should be avoided in patients taking Warfarin or Statins?
Prescribing azoles
What is a significant etiology in angular chelitis?
Iron deficiency
Without a denture, what is the likely cause of angular chelitis?
Strep throat infection
What is the recommended dosage and frequency of Miconazole oro-mucosa gel?
Apply a pea-size amount after food four times a day
What is the characteristic of lesions in Median Rhomboid Glossitis?
Lozenge-shaped erythematous patch on the midline dorsal tongue
What is the histopathological feature of Median Rhomboid Glossitis?
H/P epithelial hyperplasia with neutrophils in the parakeratin layer
What is the characteristic of Vesiculo-Bullous Lesions?
Recurring blood blisters in oral mucosa
Where are Vesiculo-Bullous Lesions most commonly seen?
Posterior hard and soft palate
What is the characteristic of the skin lesions in Stevens-Johnson syndrome?
They are often acral and may appear as target or necrotic lesions
What is the primary method of diagnosis for Stevens-Johnson syndrome?
Clinical examination and medical history
What is the cause of white lesions in the oral cavity?
Hyperplasia of epithelium and loss of normal vascularity
What is the treatment for Stevens-Johnson syndrome?
Corticosteroids and azathioprine
What is a possible precipitating factor for Stevens-Johnson syndrome?
Dehydration
What is a type of white lesion that can occur in the oral cavity?
All of the above
What is the complication of Stevens-Johnson syndrome?
All of the above
What is the association of Stevens-Johnson syndrome?
Fever, malaise, and sore throat
Study Notes
Clinical Features of Herpangina
- Lesions start as erythematous macules but rapidly progress to grey vesicles with erythematous base
- May also appear on trunk, thighs, buttocks, and genitalia
- Lesions are usually asymptomatic but can be itchy or painful
- Mild pyrexia, sore throat, headache, and dysphagia may occur
Hand, Foot, and Mouth Disease
- Caused by Coxsackie virus (usually A16, rarely type 5 and 10)
- Transmitted by droplet infection
- Incubation period: 10-14 days
Lesions and Ulceration
- Ulceration is defined as a break in the continuity of an epithelial lining
- Iron deficiency is a significant etiology in angular cheilitis
- Without denture, it is more likely to be caused by infection with Streptococcus or Staphylococcus species
- Treatment should be commenced with azole's, unless the classic golden crust associated with S. aureus is present
Median Rhomboid Glossitis
- Seen in patients using inhaled steroids and smokers
- Lesions are in the center of the dorsum of the tongue and palate (kissing lesion)
- Lozenge-shaped erythematous patch on the midline dorsal tongue
- H/P epithelial hyperplasia with neutrophils in the parakeratin layer
Vesiculobullous Lesions
- Anagina Bullosa Haemorrhagica: recurrent blood blisters in oral mucosa, most commonly seen in posterior hard and soft palate
- Blisters rupture to leave a superficial ulcer, which is entirely self-limiting
White Lesions
- White lesions are white due to hyperplasia of epithelium and loss of normal vascularity
- Examples include candidosis, hairy leukoplakia, condyloma acuminata, papilloma, and syphilitic leukoplakia
Pigmented Lesions
- Necrotic granulomatous reaction affecting palate or tongue, perforation of palate
- Can be extrinsic or intrinsic
- Extrinsic pigmentation is usually recognized and common causes are regular CHX rinsing
This quiz covers the clinical features and characteristics of Herpangina and Hand, Foot, and Mouth Disease, two viral infections that affect children. Learn about the symptoms, causes, and transmission of these diseases.
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