Viral Infections in Children

Viral Infections in Children

• Rubella (German Measles):

  • Isolation precaution: Droplets
  • Clinical manifestations: Maculopapular rash starting on the face, spreading to the body; polyarthralgia (joint pain) in adolescents.

• Rubeola (Measles):

  • Isolation precaution: Airborne
  • Clinical manifestations: Fever, cough, coryza (runny nose), conjunctivitis; Koplik spots (small white spots in the mouth).

• Varicella Zoster (Chickenpox):

  • Isolation precaution: Airborne, contact
  • Clinical manifestations: Fever, malaise, anorexia, headache; Mild abdominal pain, followed by a rash of pruritic erythematous macules that evolve into papules and vesicles filled with clear fluid.

• Roseola Infantum (Sixth Disease):

  • Isolation precaution: Standard
  • Clinical manifestations: High fever (101-106°F) for 3-5 days, followed by a pinkish-red, flat rash that blanches when touched. The rash appears 1-3 days after the fever resolves.

• Erythema Infectiosum (Fifth Disease):

  • Isolation precaution: Droplets
  • Clinical manifestations: "Slapped-cheek" appearance; erythematous rash that spreads to the trunk; maculopapular rash with a lacy appearance.

• Hand, Foot, and Mouth Disease:

  • Isolation precaution: Standard (contact for diagnosed/incontinent children)
  • Clinical manifestations: High fever, vesicles on the tongue, oral mucosa; vesicles on the hands and feet (football-shaped).

• Herpangina:

  • Isolation precaution: Standard
  • Clinical manifestations: High fever; vesicles on the tongue and oral mucosa.

• Mumps:

  • Isolation precaution: Droplets
  • Clinical manifestations: Parotitis (inflammation of parotid gland) and fever.

Explore the clinical manifestations and isolation precautions for various viral infections commonly affecting children, including Rubella, Measles, Chickenpox, and Roseola. This quiz will test your knowledge and understanding of key characteristics and management strategies for these infections.