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Questions and Answers
What is the causative agent of shingles?
What is the causative agent of shingles?
What is the name of the disease characterized by macular rash and Koplik's spot?
What is the name of the disease characterized by macular rash and Koplik's spot?
What is the name of the disease caused by Neisseria gonorrhoeae transmitted to a newborn's eye during passage through the birth canal?
What is the name of the disease caused by Neisseria gonorrhoeae transmitted to a newborn's eye during passage through the birth canal?
What is the causative agent of roseola?
What is the causative agent of roseola?
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What is the term for inflammation of the meninges?
What is the term for inflammation of the meninges?
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What is the disease caused by Candida albicans?
What is the disease caused by Candida albicans?
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What is the primary mode of transmission of poliomyelitis?
What is the primary mode of transmission of poliomyelitis?
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Which bacteria is responsible for causing tetanus?
Which bacteria is responsible for causing tetanus?
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What is the characteristic symptom of leprosy in its tuberculoid form?
What is the characteristic symptom of leprosy in its tuberculoid form?
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Which disease is caused by Rhabdoviridae?
Which disease is caused by Rhabdoviridae?
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What is the primary cause of sepsis?
What is the primary cause of sepsis?
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What is the outcome of gangrene caused by Clostridium perfringens?
What is the outcome of gangrene caused by Clostridium perfringens?
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What is the typical interval of fever and chills in malaria?
What is the typical interval of fever and chills in malaria?
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Which disease is caused by the Epstein-Barr virus?
Which disease is caused by the Epstein-Barr virus?
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What is the mode of transmission of Schistosomiasis?
What is the mode of transmission of Schistosomiasis?
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What is the causative agent of Chicken pox?
What is the causative agent of Chicken pox?
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What is a characteristic clinical feature of Measles?
What is a characteristic clinical feature of Measles?
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Which of the following diseases is NOT directly transmitted through airborne pathogens?
Which of the following diseases is NOT directly transmitted through airborne pathogens?
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What is the primary cause of Mumps?
What is the primary cause of Mumps?
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Which of the following is a characteristic of Hepatitis B virus?
Which of the following is a characteristic of Hepatitis B virus?
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What is the most common cause of Urinary Tract Infections (UTI) in all settings?
What is the most common cause of Urinary Tract Infections (UTI) in all settings?
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What is the term for the presence of a large number of pus cells in the urine?
What is the term for the presence of a large number of pus cells in the urine?
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What is the most common route of Urinary Tract Infection (UTI)?
What is the most common route of Urinary Tract Infection (UTI)?
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What is the consequence of untreated Urinary Tract Infection (UTI)?
What is the consequence of untreated Urinary Tract Infection (UTI)?
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Which sexually transmitted disease is characterized by ulcer margins showing epithelial hyperplasia and ulcer bed filled with neutrophil abscess?
Which sexually transmitted disease is characterized by ulcer margins showing epithelial hyperplasia and ulcer bed filled with neutrophil abscess?
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What is the common name for the vulvovaginal disease characterized by inflamed, swollen vagina and cervix, speckled with red spots, and producing a frothy, foul-smelling, green-yellow discharge?
What is the common name for the vulvovaginal disease characterized by inflamed, swollen vagina and cervix, speckled with red spots, and producing a frothy, foul-smelling, green-yellow discharge?
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What is the name of the disease that begins in the vulva or vagina and spreads upwards to involve most of the structures in the female genital system?
What is the name of the disease that begins in the vulva or vagina and spreads upwards to involve most of the structures in the female genital system?
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What is the common risk factor for Candidiasis?
What is the common risk factor for Candidiasis?
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Which of the following is characterized by multiple, benign, wart-like verrucous lesions on the vuiva, vagina, and cervix?
Which of the following is characterized by multiple, benign, wart-like verrucous lesions on the vuiva, vagina, and cervix?
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What is the name of the disease caused by Candida albicans, which is characterized by red, white patches on the mucosa (Leukoplakia) and a curdy white discharge?
What is the name of the disease caused by Candida albicans, which is characterized by red, white patches on the mucosa (Leukoplakia) and a curdy white discharge?
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Study Notes
Skin Infections
- Shingles: Reactivation of latent HHV-3 viruses that move along peripheral nerves to skin
- Herpes Simplex: Caused by HSV-1 and HSV-2, symptoms include cold sores or fever blisters on lips, vesicles on skin, and herpetic whitlow on fingers
Viral Infections
- Measles: Caused by Rubeola virus, transmitted by respiratory route, symptoms include macular rash and Koplik's spot
- German Measles: Caused by Rubella virus, symptoms include macular rash and fever
- Fifth disease: Caused by Human parvovirus B19, symptoms include mild flu-like symptoms and facial rash
- Roseola: Caused by HHV-6 and HHV-7, symptoms include high fever and rash lasting for 1-2 days
Fungal Infections
- Orai Thrush: Caused by Candida albicans, infection of mucous membrane
Bacterial Infections
- Conjunctivitis: Caused by Haemophilus influenzae, symptoms include pinkeye or red eye
- Ophthalmia neonatorum: Caused by Neisseria gonorrhoeae, transmitted to a newborn's eye during passage through the birth canal
- Chlamydia trachomatis: Causes trachoma, which is the leading cause of blindness worldwide, symptoms include permanent scarring and abrading of the cornea
Diseases of the Nervous System
- Meningitis: Inflammation of the meninges caused by Hemophilus influenzae, Streptococcus pneumoniae, and Neisseria meningitidis, symptoms include fever, headache, and stiff neck
- Encephalitis: Inflammation of the brain, symptoms include chronic valvular papule/nodule ulceration
Sexually Transmitted Diseases
- Condyloma acuminatum: Multiple, benign, wart-like verrucous STD found on vuiva, vagina, and cervix
- Candidiasis: Caused by C. albicans, symptoms include grossly found red, white patches on mucosa, curdy white discharge, and risk factors include poor hygiene, high dose of OCP, pregnancy, obesity, and immunosuppression
- Trichomonas vaginalis: Symptoms include inflamed, swollen vagina and cervix, specked with red spots, bleeding easily on touch, and producing frothy, foul-smelling, green-yellow discharge and dyspareunia
Diseases of the Musculoskeletal System
- Tetanus: Caused by Clostridium tetani, symptoms include lockjaw, a characteristic condition of opisthotonos
- Botulism: Caused by Clostridium botulinum, symptoms include flaccid paralysis, caused by ingesting botulinal toxin
Diseases of the Cardiovascular and Lymphatic System
- Sepsis: Inflammation of the body caused by gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria, symptoms include RBC lysis, release of iron-containing hemoglobin, and accelerated microbial growth
- Rheumatic fever: Caused by Group A beta-hemolytic, symptoms include arthritis, fever, damage to heart valves, and inflammation of the heart
- Gangrene: Caused by Clostridium perfringens, symptoms include tissue death from ischemia at infection site
- Lyme disease: Caused by Borrelia burgdorferi, symptoms include bull's eye rash and neurologic symptoms
Diseases of the Respiratory System
- Chicken pox: Caused by Varicella Zoster virus, transmitted by droplet infection, symptoms include fever, appearance of rash in the form of crops on the trunk, face, and limbs
- Measles: Caused by Rubeola virus, symptoms include nasal catarrh, sneezing, redness of the eyes, short cough, hoarseness of voice, and Koplik's spot
- Mumps: Caused by Paramyxoviridae, symptoms include inflammation of the parotid glands, fever, and pain during swallowing
Diseases of the Gastrointestinal System
- Hepatitis A virus: Caused by Picornaviridae, symptoms include fever, headache, malaise, jaundice in severe cases, and usually transmitted by ingestion
- Hepatitis B virus: Caused by Hepadnaviridae, symptoms include fever, headache, malaise, jaundice in severe cases, and transmitted parenterally, blood transfusion, syringes, saliva, sweat, breast milk, and sexual contact
- Amoebiasis: Caused by Entamoeba histolytica, symptoms include lysing of epithelial cells and abscesses
Diseases of the Urinary Tract
- Cystitis: Symptoms include dysuria, frequency, urgency, suprapubic pain, and hematuria
- Pyelonephritis: Symptoms include fever, flank pain, chills, nausea, and vomiting
- Urosepsis: Symptoms include fever, flank pain, chills, nausea, vomiting, and shock
- Urethritis: Symptoms include discharge, itching, dysuria, frequency, and suspect STDs
- Ascending UTI: Most common route, most common in women due to short and wide urethra and proximity to perineum
- Escherichia coli: Most common cause of UTI in all settings
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Description
Test your knowledge on different types of viral infections, including herpes, measles, and German measles. Learn about their symptoms, modes of transmission, and effects on the human body.
