Vijayanagar Empire Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What accounts did Ibn Battutah leave regarding the Vijayanagar empire?

Ibn Battutah provided a good account of the Vijayanagar empire under Harihara I.

Which literary work by Sri Krishna Deva Raya offers insights into the political ideas of the Vijayanagar rulers?

'Amuktamalyada' by Sri Krishna Deva Raya provides insights into the polity and political ideas.

What social conditions does Allasani Peddana's 'Manucharitam' detail?

'Manucharitam' details the social conditions, particularly the caste system, of the Vijayanagar empire.

Who visited the Vijayanagar empire during the reign of Krishna Deva Raya?

<p>Domingo Paes and Duarte Edwardo Barbosa visited the empire during Krishna Deva Raya's reign.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of Gangadevi's 'Muduravijayam'?

<p>'Muduravijayam' narrates Kampana's conquest of Madurai during the reign of Bukka I.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the outcome of the Vijayanagar conflict with the Sultan of Madurai by 1377?

<p>The Madurai sultanate was completely wiped out.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What region was contentious between the Vijayanagar and Bahmani forces during their conflict?

<p>The Tungabhadra Doab region was contentious.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What event marked the beginning of large-scale conflict in 1367?

<p>Bukka I assaulted the Mudkal fortress, killing the entire garrison except one.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How did the alliance between the Bahmani kingdom and Warangal affect the Vijayanagar empire?

<p>The alliance hampered the Vijayanagar empire's ability to overrun the Tungabhadra doab.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What were the key regions where the Vijayanagar rulers aimed to expand their influence?

<p>They aimed to expand towards the eastern sea coast and eventually encompassed Tamil country and Kerala.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What conflict did Deva Raya I face during his reign?

<p>Deva Raya I faced renewed conflict for the Tungabhadra doab and was defeated by Firoz Shah.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How did Deva Raya II expand the Vijayanagara Empire?

<p>Deva Raya II expanded the empire by crossing the Tungabhadra River and reclaiming lost territories like Mudkal and Bankpur.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What led to the decline of the Vijayanagara Empire after Deva Raya II?

<p>The decline was caused by internal strife, civil wars, and power struggles among feudatories.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who is considered one of the greatest rulers of the Vijayanagara Empire, and why?

<p>Krishna Deva Raya is considered one of the greatest rulers for his military prowess and various accomplishments.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What significant change occurred following Krishna Deva Raya's death?

<p>The empire experienced a final decline and the rise of the Aravidu Dynasty.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What key achievements are highlighted in the Bagapellsi Copper Plate Inscription of Harihara I?

<p>It details Harihara I's achievements as a ruler.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is featured on the obverse of the Vijayanagar gold coins known as varahas?

<p>The obverse displayed figures of Hindu deities and animals.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who were the founders of the Vijayanagar empire and in what year was it established?

<p>Harihara and Bukka founded the Vijayanagar empire in 1336.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did the Channarayapateena inscription of Harihara II signify?

<p>It indicated Bukka I's success in conquering several areas.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What transformation did the Sangama brothers undergo before establishing the Vijayanagar empire?

<p>They were imprisoned and converted to Islam, then later re-embraced Hinduism.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Vijayanagar Empire Foreign Travellers

Accounts from various travelers (African, Italian, Persian, Portuguese) offered insights into the Vijayanagar Empire, covering different periods and rulers.

Ibn Battutah

A Moroccan traveler whose account is a source of information about the Vijayanagar Empire during Harihara I's reign.

Krishna Deva Raya

A prominent Vijayanagar ruler during whose reign Portuguese travelers like Domingo Paes and Duarte Barbosa visited.

Indigenous Vijayanagar Works

Literary works by people native to the Vijayanagar empire, providing details about politics, social details, and events.

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Allasani Peddan's Manucharitam

An indigenous work that details social conditions and the caste system in the Vijayanagar Empire.

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Deva Raya I's reign

A period of renewed conflict with the Bahmani kingdom, marked by military defeats, indemnity payments, and a failed marriage alliance.

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Deva Raya II

A strong Vijayanagara ruler who strengthened military forces including Muslims and Hindu Soldiers using archery, and expanded territory.

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Decline after Deva Raya II

The Vijayanagara Empire faced internal struggles, including civil wars, independent feudatories, and a change in ruling dynasties.

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Vijayanagara Empire's Final Decline

The period after Krishna Deva Raya's death, marked by the empire's weakening and the ascension of the Aravidu Dynasty.

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Vijayanagara-Bahmani Conflict

A series of wars between the Vijayanagara Empire and the Bahmani Sultanate, primarily fought over control of the Tungabhadra Doab and other strategic regions.

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Tungabhadra Doab

The area between the Krishna and Tungabhadra rivers, a key battleground in the conflict.

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Bahmani Sultanate

A powerful Sultanate in south India, that fought the Vijayanagara Empire for control of key lands.

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Mudkal Fortress

A fortress in the disputed Tungabhadra Doab region, whose attack sparked a major conflict with the Bahmani sultanate.

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Eastward Expansion

Vijayanagara Empire's policy of expanding towards the eastern coast of India, leading to conflicts with other kingdoms.

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Vijayanagar Empire Foundation

Founded in 1336 by Harihara and Bukka of the Sangama dynasty. They initially served the Kakatiya ruler and later, after the Kakatiya kingdom's fall, established the empire.

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Vijayanagar Coin: Varahas

Gold coins issued by Vijayanagar emperors; types included full, half, and quarter varahas. Obverse featured gods/animals, reverse had king's name in scripts.

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Inscriptions as Sources

Archaeological records like copper plates (Bagapellsi, Bitragunta, Channarayapateena, Srirangam, Devulapalli) that provide historical details, including genealogies, achievements, and conquests.

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Copper Plate Inscription Examples

Specific inscriptions like the Bagapellsi Copper Plate of Harihara I, detailing his deeds; Bitragunta grant, about the Sangama dynasty; and the Channarayapateena inscription, detailing Bukka I's victories.

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Vijayanagar Coin Design

Coins showed Hindu deities and animals (bull, elephant, gandaberunda) on the obverse, with the king's name on the reverse in scripts like Nagari, Kannada.

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Study Notes

Foreign Travellers' Accounts

  • Ibn Battutah, a Moroccan traveller, left a good account of the Vijayanagar empire under Harihara I.
  • Nicolo de Conti, an Italian (Venetian), visited the Vijayanagar empire during the time of Deva Raya I.
  • Abdur Razak, a Persian, has left a graphic account of the empire under Deva Raya II.
  • Dominggo Paes was a Portuguese visitor to Krishna Deva Raya's empire.
  • Duarte Edward Barbosa was also a Portuguese visitor to the empire during Krishna Deva Raya's reign.
  • Fernao Nuniz, another Portuguese, visited the empire during the reign of Achyuta Deva Raya.

Indigenous Works

  • Sri Krishna Deva Raya's Amuktamalyada enables us to know about the polity and political ideas of the Vijayanagar rulers.
  • Allasani Peddnan's Manuchariyam gives a detailed account of the social conditions, particularly the caste system, of the Vijayanagar empire.
  • Mudurarvijayam of Gangadevi, wife of Kumar Kampana (one of the sons of Bukka I), deals with Kampana's conquest of Madurai during the reign of Bukka I.
  • Gangadhara's Pralaya Vilasam, a contemporary drama, deals with the siege of Vijayanagar city by the Bahmanis and the Gajapatis of Orissa after the death of Deva Raya II.
  • Saluvabhyudayam of Rajanna tha was a historical eulogy of the Saluva dynasty.

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