Vibrio Cholerae Flashcards
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following are classifications of Vibrio? (Select all that apply)

  • Biophysical Vibrios
  • Chemical Vibrios
  • Halophilic Vibrios (correct)
  • Non Halophilic Vibrios (correct)
  • What is the morphology of V. cholerae?

    Gram negative, curved/comma shaped rod, non sporing, non capsulated, motile

    Which media is considered alkaline for culturing V. cholerae?

  • Peptone water (correct)
  • Nutrient agar
  • MacConkeys
  • Blood agar
  • V. cholerae is resistant to common disinfectants.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What components make up the antigenic structure of V. cholerae?

    <p>Somatic O and Flagellar H</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of toxin is produced by V. cholerae?

    <p>Heat stable endotoxin and cholera toxin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the mechanism of action of the cholera enterotoxin?

    <p>Stimulates adenyl Cyclase activity, converting ATP to cAMP, causing hyper secretion of water and electrolytes in the intestine.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    El Tor Vibrio is a biotype of V. cholerae.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which test is NOT positive for El Tor Vibrio?

    <p>Polymyxin B sensitivity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Classification of Vibrio

    • Non Halophilic Vibrios can grow without salt, including V. Cholerae (O1 classical and El Tor biotype) and Non O1 V. Cholerae.
    • Halophilic Vibrios, which require salt for growth, include V. Parahaemolyticus, V. Alginolyticus, and V. Vulnificus.

    Morphology of V. Cholerae

    • Gram-negative bacterium with a curved or comma-shaped rod structure.
    • Non-sporing and non-capsulated.
    • Exhibits motility characterized by darting movement.

    Culture Conditions

    • Grows well in alkaline media; ordinary media includes nutrient agar, MacConkey's agar, blood agar, peptone water, and gelatin stab.
    • Special media for transport and enrichment includes VR and Cory Blair media, as well as APW and Monsurs Taurocholate tellurite peptone water.
    • Plating media consists of Bile salt agar, GTTA, and TCBS.

    Biochemical Reactions

    • Exhibits a cholera red reaction.
    • Shows a negative result in the methyl red test.

    Resistance

    • Susceptible to heat, drying, and common disinfectants.
    • Can survive in water for extended periods, up to several months.

    Antigenic Structure

    • Composed of somatic O antigen.
    • Contains flagellar H antigen, which is common across all strains of V. Cholerae.

    Toxins

    • Produces a heat-stable endotoxin.
    • Excretes an exotoxin known as cholera toxin, which is an enterotoxin.

    Enterotoxin Characteristics

    • Cholera toxin is heat-labile and consists of one A subunit and five B subunits.
    • Mechanism of action involves the A1 fragment stimulating adenyl cyclase activity, leading to increased cAMP production which causes hypersecretion of water and electrolytes in the intestine and inhibition of Na/Cl reabsorption, resulting in rice water stools diarrhea.

    El Tor Vibrio

    • Isolated from Haj pilgrims, representing a biotype of V. Cholerae.
    • Positive for the chick red cell agglutination test.
    • Sensitive to polymyxin B.
    • Sensitive to Cholera Phage IV (Mukherjee phage IV).
    • Positive in the modified CAMP test.

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    Test your knowledge on Vibrio Cholerae with these flashcards. They cover important topics such as classification and morphology, making it perfect for students studying microbiology. Challenge yourself to remember key characteristics and help reinforce your learning.

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