Vibration and Wave Types

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Questions and Answers

Which type of wave requires a medium to propagate?

  • Light waves
  • Electromagnetic waves
  • Sound waves (correct)
  • X-rays

Which characteristic of a wave indicates the height from the equilibrium position?

  • Crest
  • Amplitude (correct)
  • Wavelength
  • Frequency

What happens to the frequency of a wave as its wavelength increases?

  • Frequency increases
  • Frequency remains unchanged
  • Frequency decreases (correct)
  • Frequency becomes unpredictable

Which of the following statements about waves is incorrect?

<p>Mechanical waves can travel through a vacuum. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is energy carried by a wave represented?

<p>By the amplitude (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What defines the crest of a wave?

<p>The highest point in the wave (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In a longitudinal wave, which aspect represents the relative displacement of particles?

<p>Amplitude (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes periodic motion in vibrations?

<p>Repeatedly occurring motion at regular time intervals (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes how sound is produced?

<p>By displacing particles that carry energy away from the source (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between transverse and longitudinal waves?

<p>Particles in longitudinal waves move parallel to the direction of wave propagation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to a spring-mass system when disturbed?

<p>It continuously expands and contracts until it stops vibrating (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of waves, what do the terms 'compression' and 'rarefaction' refer to?

<p>Regions of high and low particle density in a medium (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT an example of vibration?

<p>The steady position of a book on a shelf (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is vibration related to wave production?

<p>Vibration acts as the source of waves that transfer energy (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of wave is light an example of?

<p>Transverse wave (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Mechanical Wave

A wave that needs a medium to travel.

Electromagnetic Wave

A wave that doesn't need a medium to travel.

Wavelength

Distance between two successive crests or troughs/points.

Amplitude

Height of a wave from equilibrium to crest or trough.

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Frequency

Number of waves passing a point per second.

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Crest

Highest point of a wave.

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Trough

Lowest point of a wave.

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Vibration

Repeated back-and-forth motion of a particle from its equilibrium position.

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Equilibrium Position

The resting or stable position of a vibrating particle.

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Periodic Motion

Motion that repeats at regular time intervals.

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Transverse Wave

Wave where particles vibrate perpendicular to the wave's direction of travel.

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Longitudinal Wave

Wave where particles vibrate parallel to the wave's direction of travel.

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Sound Wave

A longitudinal wave that is produced from vibrations.

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Vibration Source

The object or phenomenon that creates the vibration.

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Wave

Disturbance or vibration traveling from one point to another, transferring energy.

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Study Notes

Vibration

  • Vibration is the repeated back-and-forth motion of a particle from its equilibrium position.
  • This oscillatory motion is periodic, occurring at regular time intervals.
  • Examples include vibrating tuning forks, pendulums, and loudspeaker oscillations.
  • Vibrations create sound by displacing medium particles back and forth parallel to the wave direction.

Vibration and Waves

  • Vibrations are the sources of waves.
  • Waves are disturbances that transfer energy from one point to another.
  • Examples include sound waves, water waves, and light.

Types of Waves

  • Transverse waves: Particles vibrate perpendicular to wave propagation. Light is an example.
  • Longitudinal waves: Particles vibrate parallel to wave propagation. Sound waves are an example.

Mechanical vs. Electromagnetic Waves

  • Mechanical waves: Require a medium to propagate. Examples include waves on strings or slinkies and sound waves.
  • Electromagnetic waves: Do not require a medium and can travel through a vacuum. Examples include radio waves, microwaves, visible light, X-rays, and gamma rays.

Parts of a Wave

  • Crest: Highest point of a wave.
  • Trough: Lowest point of a wave.
  • Wavelength: Distance between two successive identical points (e.g., crests or troughs).
  • Amplitude: Distance between the equilibrium position and the highest or lowest point.
  • Frequency: Number of waves passing a fixed point per second, measured in Hertz (Hz). Wavelength and frequency are inversely related.

Wave Energy Transfer

  • Waves transfer energy, not matter.
  • In sound waves, air particles vibrate but return to their original position after the energy passes.
  • The amplitude of a wave corresponds to the energy it carries. Larger amplitude means more energy.

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