VETS3010-2 Gram-positive Rods: Enterobacteriaceae
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following is a common virulence factor of the family Enterobacteriaceae?

  • Fimbrial proteins
  • Mucosal adherence properties (correct)
  • Glucose fermentation
  • Flagellin subunits

Which of the following diseases can be caused by some members of the family Enterobacteriaceae?

  • Skin infections
  • Respiratory tract infections (correct)
  • Eye infections
  • Bone infections

What is the typical morphology of the family Enterobacteriaceae?

  • Non-motile bacteria
  • Gram-negative straight rods (correct)
  • Gram-positive cocci
  • Spiral-shaped bacteria

What is the catalase reaction of the family Enterobacteriaceae?

<p>+ve (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of fimbriae do most members of Enterobacteriaceae have?

<p>Type I fimbriae (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of fimbriae in bacteria?

<p>Conferring specific binding to host cells (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which virulence factor can elicit severe toxic reactions in animals due to its effects on the innate immune and coagulatory systems?

<p>Endotoxin (lipid A of the LPS) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of Afimbrial adhesins (AFA) in bacteria?

<p>Nonfimbrial proteins on the OM, found on the surfaces of certain uropathogenic E. coli strains (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which biochemical test is used to differentiate Citrobacter from other Gram-negative enterobacteria on MacConkey agar?

<p>Lactose negative slow fermenter (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes the fast fermenter Klebsiella and E. coli on MacConkey agar?

<p>Urease positive (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of the family Enterobacteriaceae?

<p>Glucose non-fermenters (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the O antigen in the family Enterobacteriaceae?

<p>An LPS component (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a common symptom associated with extraintestinal infections caused by some members of the family Enterobacteriaceae?

<p>Meningitis (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of fimbriae do most members of Enterobacteriaceae have?

<p>Type I fimbriae (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which virulence factor in the family Enterobacteriaceae provides antiphagocytic and serum resistance properties?

<p>K antigen (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which biochemical test is used to differentiate Escherichia coli from other Gram-negative enterobacteria on MacConkey agar?

<p>Lactose fermentation test (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of flagella and pili in bacteria?

<p>Help bacteria to attach and colonize the host epithelium (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of Afimbrial adhesins (AFA) in bacteria?

<p>Confer specific binding to the host cells (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following virulence factors elicits severe toxic reactions in animals due to its effects on the innate immune and coagulatory systems?

<p>Endotoxin (lipid A of the LPS) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can be performed for differentiation within the family Enterobacteriaceae?

<p>Immunological tests: serotyping of O : K : H : F antigens (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which biochemical test is used to differentiate fast fermenter Klebsiella and E. coli from other Gram-negative enterobacteria on MacConkey agar?

<p>Urease test (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes Salmonella spp. from other Gram-negative enterobacteria on MacConkey agar?

<ul> <li>Producing H2S (D)</li> </ul> Signup and view all the answers

What is the typical morphology of Y. pestis on MacConkey agar?

<p>Bipolar staining (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of fimbriae in bacteria?

<p>Confers specific binding to the host cells (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the catalase reaction of the family Enterobacteriaceae?

<p>Positive (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What diseases can be caused by some members of the family Enterobacteriaceae?

<p>Dysentery and Typhoid fever (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Mucosal Adherence

The ability of a bacteria to attach to the lining of the host's body.

Enterobacteriaceae

A family of Gram-negative bacteria that commonly inhabit the gut of animals.

Disease

A general term for any illness caused by a pathogen.

Respiratory Tract Infections

A specific type of infection affecting the respiratory system, which includes the lungs and airways.

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Morphology

The characteristic shape of bacteria, seen under a microscope.

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Gram-negative

A type of bacteria that is detected by a specific staining method.

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Straight rods

A rod-shaped bacteria.

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Catalase

An enzyme produced by bacteria, which breaks down hydrogen peroxide into water and oxygen.

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Fimbriae

Small, hair-like structures on the surface of bacteria that help them attach to host cells.

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Type I Fimbriae

Type of fimbriae found on the surface of many Enterobacteriaceae.

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Binding

The process of attaching and sticking to a surface, like a host cell, using structures like fimbriae.

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Endotoxin

A powerful toxin produced by many bacteria, including members of Enterobacteriaceae, that causes severe inflammation.

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Lipid A

A component of the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria that causes inflammation.

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Afimbrial Adhesins (AFA)

Special proteins on the surface of certain bacteria that help them adhere to host cells.

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MacConkey Agar

A specialized medium used to grow and differentiate bacteria, based on their ability to ferment lactose.

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Lactose negative slow fermenter

A type of bacteria that breaks down lactose slowly, a characteristic of some Enterobacteriaceae.

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Fast fermenter

A type of bacteria that breaks down lactose quickly, a characteristic of some Enterobacteriaceae.

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Urease

An enzyme that breaks down urea, produced by some bacteria.

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Glucose

A sugar that is commonly used as an energy source by bacteria.

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O Antigen

A key component of the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria, responsible for protecting the bacteria from the host's immune system.

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Meningitis

An inflammation of the protective membranes surrounding the brain and spinal cord.

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K Antigen

A type of antigen present in some bacteria that provides protection against the host's immune system.

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Lactose Fermentation Test

A test that differentiates bacteria based on their ability to ferment lactose.

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Flagella

Long, whip-like structures on the surface of bacteria, used for movement.

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Pili aka Fimbriae

Short, hair-like structures on the surface of bacteria that help them attach to surfaces.

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Immunological Tests

A method of identifying bacteria using specific antibodies that react with their surface antigens.

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Urease Test

A test used to identify bacteria based on their ability to produce urease.

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H2S Producing

A type of bacteria that produces hydrogen sulfide gas, a characteristic of some Enterobacteriaceae.

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Bipolar Staining

The characteristic staining pattern of Yersinia pestis, the bacteria that causes plague.

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