Questions and Answers
If the President remains silent on a bill for 30 days, the bill is considered vetoed.
False
The President can veto a bill without providing a reason for the rejection.
True
To override a veto, Congress needs a simple majority vote in both the Senate and the House of Representatives.
False
A bill becomes a law if the President signs it within 30 days of receiving it from Congress.
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The President can return a bill to Congress for reconsideration multiple times if needed.
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Congress can make a bill into law without the President's approval if they secure a two-thirds majority vote.
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Study Notes
Veto Power of the President Under 1987 Philippine Constitution
The 1987 Philippine Constitution outlines the functions and powers of various government branches, including the executive branch headed by the President. One of these presidential duties is the authority to veto laws passed by Congress within thirty days after receipt. This section will discuss the process of how a veto can be overridden by Congress.
Veto Process
When Congress passes legislation and sends it to the President, he or she has 30 legislative days to either approve or disapprove it. If the law goes unacknowledged during this period, it is considered vetoed. Once the President vetoes a bill, it is returned with his or her signature affixed and a written message indicating why the bill was rejected.
For example, a bill was sent to the President for approval. He signed the bill on the 10th day, and it became a law. However, if the President did nothing and remained silent for those 30 days before returning the bill on the 31st day, the bill would have been vetoed.
Overriding a Veto
If Congress wants to pass the legislation despite the President's objection, it must obtain a two-thirds majority vote in both houses – the Senate and House of Representatives – to override the veto. If they secure the necessary numbers, the bill becomes a law without the President's approval.
However, to do so requires more effort since the President can only return the bill once for reconsideration. In other words, if Congress fails to get the two-thirds majority on the first attempt, any further attempts to override the veto will require another proposed bill. Therefore, the President's veto power is significant due to its ability to stop legislation from becoming law.
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