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Questions and Answers
What is the main goal of studying veterinary parasitology?
What is the term for a parasite that has a different host for different stages of its life cycle?
What is the term for a parasite that lives on the outside of its host?
What is the term for the relationship between two organisms in which one benefits and the other is harmed?
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What is the outermost layer of a nematode's body?
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What is the function of the somatic muscular layer in a nematode?
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What is the term for the process of using the Linnaean classification scheme to identify organisms?
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What is the purpose of the cervical alae?
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What is the term for a chemical used to kill fungi?
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What is the name of the structures associated with the copulatory bursa?
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What is the term for the process of infesting a host with parasites?
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What is the term for the relationship between two organisms in which one benefits and the other is not affected?
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What is the layer beneath the cuticle responsible for?
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What is the shape of some species of nematodes?
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What is the name of the structures that project from the copulatory bursa?
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What is the function of the hypodermis?
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What is the kingdom that contains platyhelminths, nematodes, acanthocephalans, and arthropods?
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Which phylum does the dog belong to?
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What is the purpose of the tables provided in the book?
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What is the name of the classification scheme used to organize living organisms?
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What is the primary concern of veterinary parasitology?
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How many species of warm-blooded vertebrates can Toxoplasma gondii infect?
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What is the only host where the sexual stages of Toxoplasma gondii occur?
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Which kingdom contains protozoans?
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Which of the following kingdoms includes fungi?
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What is the term for the study of parasites?
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What is the class of the species 'Canis familiaris'?
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Which of the following is a characteristic of a parasite?
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What is the term for a parasite that wanders into an organ in which it does not normally live?
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What is the purpose of learning the scientific names, common names, hosts, and key identifying features of parasites?
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What is the significance of the classification scheme in veterinary parasitology?
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What is the role of veterinary technicians in veterinary parasitology?
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What is the characteristic of the egg type of Ancylostoma caninum, the hookworm of dogs?
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What is the name of the nematode egg type produced by Toxocara canis?
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Which type of nematode larva is characterized by a kinked-tail shape?
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What is the reproductive strategy of an adult female nematode?
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What is the characteristic of whipworm eggs?
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What is the name of the nematode egg type produced by Haemonchus contortus?
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Which type of nematode larva is also known as the prelarval stage?
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Why is it important to consider the size and composition of nematode eggs and larvae?
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Study Notes
The Language of Veterinary Parasitology
- Veterinary parasitology is concerned with two kingdoms: Animalia and Protista.
- The kingdom Animalia contains platyhelminths (flatworms), nematodes (roundworms), acanthocephalans (thorny-headed worms), annelids (leeches), and arthropods (insects, mites, ticks, spiders, and other creatures with jointed appendages).
- The kingdom Protista contains protozoans (unicellular organisms).
Classification Scheme
- The Linnaean classification scheme is used to classify organisms.
- The scheme includes the following taxonomic ranks: Kingdom, Phylum, Subphylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, and Species.
- The classification scheme for the dog is: Kingdom: Animalia, Phylum: Chordata, Subphylum: Vertebrata, Class: Mammalia, Order: Carnivora, Family: Canidae, Genus: Canis, Species: familiaris.
Terminology
- Aberrant parasite: a parasite that wanders into an organ in which it does not normally live.
- Ectoparasite: a parasite that lives on the external surface of the host.
- Endoparasite: a parasite that lives inside the host.
- Erratic parasite: a parasite that does not have a specific host species.
- Facultative parasite: a parasite that can live freely but can also parasitize a host.
- Homoxenous parasite: a parasite that undergoes its entire life cycle in one host species.
- Incidental parasite: a parasite that is not specific to a particular host species.
- Infection: the presence of a parasite in or on a host.
- Infestation: the presence of a parasite on the surface of a host.
Nematodes
- Nematodes are covered by a thin cuticle that covers the exterior body surface and extends into all body openings.
- The cuticle is secreted by the hypodermis, a thin layer beneath the cuticle.
- Nematodes have spindle-shaped muscle fibers that enable movement.
- Female nematodes can produce thousands of eggs or larvae each day.
- Nematode eggs vary greatly in size and composition, and differ in larval stages.
Nematode Egg Types
- Ascaroid (ascaris) type (e.g., Toxocara canis)
- Trichostrongyle (strongyle, hookworm) type (e.g., Ancylostoma caninum)
- Spiruroid (spirurid) type (e.g., Spirocerca lupi)
- Trichinelloid (trichuroid) type (e.g., Trichuris vulpis, Capillaria spp.)
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Description
Test your knowledge of veterinary parasitology, including types of parasites, symbiosis, life cycles, and classification schemes.