40 Questions
What is the main goal of studying veterinary parasitology?
To become fluent in the language of veterinary parasitology
What is the term for a parasite that has a different host for different stages of its life cycle?
Euryxenous parasite
What is the term for a parasite that lives on the outside of its host?
Ectoparasite
What is the term for the relationship between two organisms in which one benefits and the other is harmed?
Parasitism
What is the outermost layer of a nematode's body?
Cuticle
What is the function of the somatic muscular layer in a nematode?
To enable movement
What is the term for the process of using the Linnaean classification scheme to identify organisms?
Classification scheme
What is the purpose of the cervical alae?
To modify the external cuticle
What is the term for a chemical used to kill fungi?
Fungicides
What is the name of the structures associated with the copulatory bursa?
Spicules
What is the term for the process of infesting a host with parasites?
Infestation
What is the term for the relationship between two organisms in which one benefits and the other is not affected?
Commensalism
What is the layer beneath the cuticle responsible for?
Secreting the cuticle
What is the shape of some species of nematodes?
Spherical
What is the name of the structures that project from the copulatory bursa?
Bursal rays
What is the function of the hypodermis?
To secrete the cuticle
What is the kingdom that contains platyhelminths, nematodes, acanthocephalans, and arthropods?
Kingdom: Animalia
Which phylum does the dog belong to?
Phylum: Chordata
What is the purpose of the tables provided in the book?
To view parasites by their hosts
What is the name of the classification scheme used to organize living organisms?
Linnaean classification scheme
What is the primary concern of veterinary parasitology?
True parasites of domesticated animals
How many species of warm-blooded vertebrates can Toxoplasma gondii infect?
Over 300 species
What is the only host where the sexual stages of Toxoplasma gondii occur?
Felines
Which kingdom contains protozoans?
Kingdom: Protista
Which of the following kingdoms includes fungi?
Fungi
What is the term for the study of parasites?
Parasitology
What is the class of the species 'Canis familiaris'?
Mammalia
Which of the following is a characteristic of a parasite?
Lives in a host in which it does not normally live
What is the term for a parasite that wanders into an organ in which it does not normally live?
Phoresis
What is the purpose of learning the scientific names, common names, hosts, and key identifying features of parasites?
To build a greater proficiency in veterinary parasitology
What is the significance of the classification scheme in veterinary parasitology?
It is a framework for building a greater proficiency in veterinary parasitology
What is the role of veterinary technicians in veterinary parasitology?
To continually improve professional knowledge and competence
What is the characteristic of the egg type of Ancylostoma caninum, the hookworm of dogs?
Contains a morula stage within the eggshell
What is the name of the nematode egg type produced by Toxocara canis?
Ascaroid type
Which type of nematode larva is characterized by a kinked-tail shape?
Lungworm
What is the reproductive strategy of an adult female nematode?
Oviparous
What is the characteristic of whipworm eggs?
Produced every third day
What is the name of the nematode egg type produced by Haemonchus contortus?
Trichostrongyle type
Which type of nematode larva is also known as the prelarval stage?
Microfilariae
Why is it important to consider the size and composition of nematode eggs and larvae?
To render a diagnosis
Study Notes
The Language of Veterinary Parasitology
- Veterinary parasitology is concerned with two kingdoms: Animalia and Protista.
- The kingdom Animalia contains platyhelminths (flatworms), nematodes (roundworms), acanthocephalans (thorny-headed worms), annelids (leeches), and arthropods (insects, mites, ticks, spiders, and other creatures with jointed appendages).
- The kingdom Protista contains protozoans (unicellular organisms).
Classification Scheme
- The Linnaean classification scheme is used to classify organisms.
- The scheme includes the following taxonomic ranks: Kingdom, Phylum, Subphylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, and Species.
- The classification scheme for the dog is: Kingdom: Animalia, Phylum: Chordata, Subphylum: Vertebrata, Class: Mammalia, Order: Carnivora, Family: Canidae, Genus: Canis, Species: familiaris.
Terminology
- Aberrant parasite: a parasite that wanders into an organ in which it does not normally live.
- Ectoparasite: a parasite that lives on the external surface of the host.
- Endoparasite: a parasite that lives inside the host.
- Erratic parasite: a parasite that does not have a specific host species.
- Facultative parasite: a parasite that can live freely but can also parasitize a host.
- Homoxenous parasite: a parasite that undergoes its entire life cycle in one host species.
- Incidental parasite: a parasite that is not specific to a particular host species.
- Infection: the presence of a parasite in or on a host.
- Infestation: the presence of a parasite on the surface of a host.
Nematodes
- Nematodes are covered by a thin cuticle that covers the exterior body surface and extends into all body openings.
- The cuticle is secreted by the hypodermis, a thin layer beneath the cuticle.
- Nematodes have spindle-shaped muscle fibers that enable movement.
- Female nematodes can produce thousands of eggs or larvae each day.
- Nematode eggs vary greatly in size and composition, and differ in larval stages.
Nematode Egg Types
- Ascaroid (ascaris) type (e.g., Toxocara canis)
- Trichostrongyle (strongyle, hookworm) type (e.g., Ancylostoma caninum)
- Spiruroid (spirurid) type (e.g., Spirocerca lupi)
- Trichinelloid (trichuroid) type (e.g., Trichuris vulpis, Capillaria spp.)
Test your knowledge of veterinary parasitology, including types of parasites, symbiosis, life cycles, and classification schemes.
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