Veterinary Ophthalmology: Feline Internal Ophthalmoparesis/Ophthalmoplegia
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Questions and Answers

What percentage of cats showed abnormal mental status in this study?

  • 75% (correct)
  • 90%
  • 50%
  • 60%
  • What percentage of the affected cats were male?

  • 90%
  • 75% (correct)
  • 60%
  • 50%
  • Which of the following cranial nerves is NOT affected in middle cranial fossa syndrome?

  • CN VI (abducens nerve)
  • CN VII (facial nerve) (correct)
  • CN V (trigeminal nerve)
  • CN III (motor and parasympathetic component)
  • Which of the following is a clinical sign of middle cranial fossa syndrome?

    <p>Ipsilateral internal ophthalmoparesis/ophthalmoplegia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Feline Internal Ophthalmoparesis/Ophthalmoplegia

    • Twelve cases of feline internal ophthalmoparesis/ophthalmoplegia were identified, with a median age of 10.54 years (range 5.75 to 13.17) and both sexes of varying breeds affected.
    • Clinical signs included abnormal mental status (n = 9; 75%) and additional neurologic abnormalities (n = 10; 83%).
    • Magnetic resonance imaging and/or computed tomography (MRI/CT) of the head were performed in ten cats, revealing a mass lesion in all cases with varying locations.

    Imaging Findings

    • MRI/CT of the head revealed a mass lesion in all cases with varying locations.
    • Advanced imaging may be necessary to reach a definitive diagnosis.

    Clinical Signs

    • Unilateral internal ophthalmoparesis (right eye only (OD) n = 1, 0.08%) or ophthalmoplegia {(total n = 8, 67%), OD = 4, 33%, left eye (OS) = 4, 33%} was present in nine cats (75%).
    • Bilateral internal ophthalmoparesis was present in one cat (case 10) at presentation.
    • Case 11 had internal ophthalmoparesis OD and internal ophthalmoplegia OS.

    Middle Cranial Fossa Syndrome

    • Middle cranial fossa syndrome is a clinical disorder characterized by ipsilateral internal ophthalmoparesis/ophthalmoplegia, paresis, or plegia of the extra-ocular muscles (also known as external ophthalmoparesis/ophthalmoplegia) and decreased to absent facial and corneal sensation.
    • This is usually due to an intracranial mass or retrobulbar mass invading the orbital fissure or the middle cranial fossa.

    Prognosis

    • Cats with systemic and neurologic deficits related to internal ophthalmoparesis/ophthalmoplegia have a guarded prognosis due to the high prevalence of neoplasia in this population.

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    Description

    This quiz covers a study on clinical signs, imaging findings, and outcome in twelve cats with internal ophthalmoparesis/ophthalmoplegia. It's based on a research article in Veterinary Ophthalmology (2018).

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