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Questions and Answers
What is the best treatment for a mature goat diagnosed with listeriosis?
What condition is Salmonella typhimurium associated with in pigs?
Which clinical sign would NOT typically indicate listeriosis in goats?
Which of these is a significant risk factor for contracting listeriosis?
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What is a classic clinical sign of listeriosis in goats?
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Which of the following is NOT a condition presented by polioencephalomalacia?
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Which treatment option is recommended for a goat with listeriosis besides antibiotics?
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What is a common misdiagnosis for clinical signs resembling listeriosis in goats?
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Which dermatophyte is primarily associated with cattle?
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What is the most likely presumptive diagnosis for a cow down shortly after calving with no signs of infection?
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What condition is characterized by umbilicated nodules in the abomasum of a Jersey heifer during necropsy?
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Which of the following is least likely to be a clinical sign of grass tetany?
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Which condition is primarily demonstrated by anemia, fever, and jaundice in cattle?
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What is a notable non-infectious cause of a down cow post-calving?
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Coccidiosis in calves is primarily characterized by which clinical sign?
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Which of the following best describes the appearance of an abomasum affected by Ostertagia?
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Which condition is commonly associated with severe pulmonary edema in dogs?
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What is a potential cause of metritis in a bitch following whelping?
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What is the best immediate course of action for a ewe exhibiting signs of severe pregnancy toxemia?
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Which of the following conditions is NOT typically associated with pulmonary edema?
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What diagnostic sign indicates the presence of a retained placenta in a bitch?
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What would be the differential diagnosis for a dog with a cotton-ball appearance in the lungs?
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Which option best describes a clinical outcome of excessive intravenous fluid administration?
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What is the common clinical sign associated with retained placenta besides systemic illness?
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Study Notes
Pulmonary Edema
- Diffuse "alveolar/interstitial" pattern, "cotton-ball" appearance in lung parenchyma means pulmonary edema
- Causes include neoplasia, CHF, overzealous IV fluids, cardiomyopathy, pneumonia, DIC, hypoproteinemia, heatstroke, and upper respiratory obstruction
- Dog in the radiograph has a heart-based mass (neoplasia)
Retained Placenta
- Common sequela in bitches is Metritis
- Clinical signs associated with Metritis are those of systemic illness/toxemia
- Retained placenta may be identified based on observation of the whelping process, ultrasound, and/or persistence of a greenish-black vaginal discharge, especially if it is foul-smelling.
- Normal lochia is reddish brown with no odor
Pregnancy Toxemia
- Emergency cesarean section may be necessary in ewes with severe pregnancy toxemia
- Clinical Signs: Recumbent, unaware of surroundings, not eating, normal temperature, pulse, and respiration, urine dipstick positive for ketones
Listeriosis
- Treat with HIGH DOSES of tetracyclines or penicillin
- Isolate the goat and take it off silage, +/- IV fluids
- Clinical Signs: Febrile, lethargy, circling, positional nystagmus, unilateral signs of brainstem and facial nerve dysfunction—swelling of cheek due to accumulation of food in the buccal space, drooling, ptosis (lowered eyelid), drooping ear, collapsed nostril, flaccid lip—ON AFFECTED SIDE.
- Classic Signs: Encephalitis (depressed, fever), unilateral limb signs (circling, leaning), unilateral cranial nerve signs
- Can see sporadic ABORTIONS with listeriosis at any time in gestation, though more common in 3rd trimester.
- ZOONOTIC: Highest risk is handling aborted fetus or performing necropsy of septicemic animal.
- Differential Diagnosis: Polioencephalomalacia (opisthotonos, headpressing, blind, 'star-gazing'), caprine arthritis encephalitis (CAE) (polyarthritis in adults, progressive paresis in kids)
Salmonella Typhimurium in Pigs
- Associated with rectal strictures in growing pigs
- Caused by an ulcerative proctitis that damages rectal tissue
Trichophyton verrucosum
- Primary dermatophyte in cattle
- Microsporum canis is commonly found in dogs and cats, and Trichophyton mentagrophytes in rodents
Milk Fever
- Preferred presumptive diagnosis in a recently calved dairy cow with no evidence of septic infection in uterus or udder
- Clinical signs: Down, weak with flaccid muscle tone, normal udder, normal milk, normal CMT, normal tail tone, no tenesmus, normal vocalizations, no retained placenta, obvious infection or calf found on uterine palpation
- Differential Diagnosis: Rabies (less likely, no behavioral changes, tenesmus, normal tail tone, and vocalization), Grass tetany (not likely, rigid paralysis)
Ostertagia Infestation
- Clinical Signs: Poor appetite, unthriftiness, diarrhea, submandibular edema, small umbilicated nodules 1-2 mm in diameter in the abomasum
- Pathognomonic: Cobblestone or "Moroccan leather" appearance of the abomasum
- Differential Diagnosis: Coccidiosis (hemorrhagic diarrhea of calves, tenesmus, frank blood), Anaplasmosis (anemia, fever, icterus)
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Description
This quiz covers critical veterinary topics including pulmonary edema, retained placenta, pregnancy toxemia, and listeriosis. Test your knowledge on causes, clinical signs, and necessary treatments for these conditions in animals. Perfect for veterinary students and professionals.
