Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which of the following is a larvicide that interferes with natural growth hormones in mosquito larvae?
Which of the following is a larvicide that interferes with natural growth hormones in mosquito larvae?
- Methoprene (correct)
- Paris green
- DEET
- Synthetic pyrethroids
Which of the following arthropod families is associated with myiasis?
Which of the following arthropod families is associated with myiasis?
- Amblyomma, Dermacentor, Ixodes
- Argas, Ornithodoros, Otobius
- Calliphora, Lucilia, Chrysomya (correct)
- Haematopinus, Linognathus, Trichodectes
What is the main purpose of using pyrethroids in mosquito control?
What is the main purpose of using pyrethroids in mosquito control?
- To promote insect growth
- To create a breeding ground for larvae
- To kill adult mosquitoes on contact (correct)
- To enhance crop growth
Which compound is commonly mixed with pyrethroids to enhance their effectiveness?
Which compound is commonly mixed with pyrethroids to enhance their effectiveness?
What characteristic defines the Phylum Arthropoda?
What characteristic defines the Phylum Arthropoda?
Which of the following organisms is classified as a hard tick?
Which of the following organisms is classified as a hard tick?
What characteristic of DEET makes it an effective mosquito repellent?
What characteristic of DEET makes it an effective mosquito repellent?
In what conditions is spraying insecticides not recommended?
In what conditions is spraying insecticides not recommended?
What is the primary focus of veterinary entomology and acarology?
What is the primary focus of veterinary entomology and acarology?
Which arthropod is not a vector for diseases affecting animals?
Which arthropod is not a vector for diseases affecting animals?
What is the lifespan for the entire lifecycle of the haematophagous species discussed?
What is the lifespan for the entire lifecycle of the haematophagous species discussed?
What is a direct effect of blood-sucking flies on their hosts?
What is a direct effect of blood-sucking flies on their hosts?
Which of the following is NOT a disease transmitted mechanically by Musca?
Which of the following is NOT a disease transmitted mechanically by Musca?
Which type of diseases can Musca act as a mechanical vector for?
Which type of diseases can Musca act as a mechanical vector for?
What is the role of vomit drops in the feeding method of the species discussed?
What is the role of vomit drops in the feeding method of the species discussed?
Which of the following is an intermediate host for certain parasitic species mentioned?
Which of the following is an intermediate host for certain parasitic species mentioned?
Which disease is specifically mentioned as being mechanically transmitted by Musca?
Which disease is specifically mentioned as being mechanically transmitted by Musca?
Which of the following diseases is NOT mechanically transmitted by Musca?
Which of the following diseases is NOT mechanically transmitted by Musca?
What are the primary symptoms observed in sheep affected by nasal flies?
What are the primary symptoms observed in sheep affected by nasal flies?
Which of the following is a potential treatment for sheep affected by nasal flies?
Which of the following is a potential treatment for sheep affected by nasal flies?
What condition can arise if second stage larvae from nasal flies move towards the brain?
What condition can arise if second stage larvae from nasal flies move towards the brain?
Why is the nasal region of affected sheep described as having a dirty appearance?
Why is the nasal region of affected sheep described as having a dirty appearance?
How can sheep be effectively controlled from nasal fly infestations?
How can sheep be effectively controlled from nasal fly infestations?
What is a complication that can occur if larvae are deposited on humans?
What is a complication that can occur if larvae are deposited on humans?
What role does tobacco powder play in treating sheep affected by nasal flies?
What role does tobacco powder play in treating sheep affected by nasal flies?
What is the common name for Hypoderma bovis?
What is the common name for Hypoderma bovis?
What characterizes the eggs produced by female fleas?
What characterizes the eggs produced by female fleas?
How many larval stages do fleas undergo before pupation?
How many larval stages do fleas undergo before pupation?
What triggers a pupa to emerge from its cocoon?
What triggers a pupa to emerge from its cocoon?
Which of the following morphological characters is NOT associated with Ctenocephalides species?
Which of the following morphological characters is NOT associated with Ctenocephalides species?
What type of feeding behavior do flea larvae exhibit?
What type of feeding behavior do flea larvae exhibit?
In what environment do flea eggs typically fall after being produced?
In what environment do flea eggs typically fall after being produced?
Which flea species is known as the human flea?
Which flea species is known as the human flea?
What is the main size range for flea larvae?
What is the main size range for flea larvae?
What is the duration of the warble stage of infection in cattle?
What is the duration of the warble stage of infection in cattle?
Which characteristic leads to the production of greenish yellow tracts in infected cattle due to larvae?
Which characteristic leads to the production of greenish yellow tracts in infected cattle due to larvae?
What causes gadding in cattle affected by ox warble flies?
What causes gadding in cattle affected by ox warble flies?
Which of the following conditions can result from larval entry through the skin in cattle?
Which of the following conditions can result from larval entry through the skin in cattle?
What is the consequence of the first and second stage larvae being present in the oesophageal region of cattle?
What is the consequence of the first and second stage larvae being present in the oesophageal region of cattle?
Which type of infection can occur as a result of the larvae migrating through the host's tissues?
Which type of infection can occur as a result of the larvae migrating through the host's tissues?
What potential risk is associated with the accidental rupture of warbles in infected cattle?
What potential risk is associated with the accidental rupture of warbles in infected cattle?
What is the recommended effective insecticide for controlling ox warble flies?
What is the recommended effective insecticide for controlling ox warble flies?
What types of beef can be affected by the presence of larvae in cattle?
What types of beef can be affected by the presence of larvae in cattle?
Which is NOT a typical effect of adult ox warble flies on cattle?
Which is NOT a typical effect of adult ox warble flies on cattle?
Flashcards
Phylum Arthropoda
Phylum Arthropoda
A diverse phylum of animals characterized by jointed appendages and an exoskeleton.
Veterinary Entomology and Acarology
Veterinary Entomology and Acarology
The study of insects and acarines that cause disease or act as vectors in animals.
Life Cycle of Arthropods
Life Cycle of Arthropods
The process by which insects and acarines develop from egg to adult, often involving several stages.
Vector
Vector
An organism that transmits a disease from one host to another.
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Bionomics
Bionomics
The study of the interactions between organisms and their environment, including factors like habitat, food sources, and predators.
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Sterile Insect Technique (SIT)
Sterile Insect Technique (SIT)
A method to control mosquito populations where male mosquitoes are raised in a lab, sterilized, then released into the wild to mate with females and produce sterile offspring.
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Insect Growth Regulators (IGRs)
Insect Growth Regulators (IGRs)
These chemicals are used to kill mosquito larvae. They interfere with the larvae's natural growth hormones, preventing them from becoming adults.
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Pyrethroids
Pyrethroids
A common insecticide used in mosquito control that effectively kills adults on contact.
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Synergist
Synergist
A compound that increases the effectiveness of an insecticide by enhancing its action.
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Nilavembu Kudineer (Siddha Medicine)
Nilavembu Kudineer (Siddha Medicine)
This traditional Indian medicine, also called Nilavembu Kashayam, is believed to boost the immune system and help prevent and manage viral infections, including dengue fever and chikungunya.
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Housefly lifecycle duration
Housefly lifecycle duration
The complete life cycle of the housefly takes place within 7 to 12 days.
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Housefly feeding habits and myiasis
Housefly feeding habits and myiasis
Houseflies are attracted to wounds and decaying matter, contributing to the spread of diseases. They can also cause myiasis, a condition where fly larvae infest living tissue.
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Housefly synanthropic nature
Housefly synanthropic nature
Houseflies are synanthropic, meaning they live in close association with humans, and act as vectors for various diseases.
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Housefly vectors for diseases
Housefly vectors for diseases
Houseflies can transmit bacterial diseases like cholera, typhoid, and anthrax, as well as viral diseases like poliomyelitis and infectious hepatitis.
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Housefly role in parasite transmission
Housefly role in parasite transmission
Houseflies play a role in the transmission of parasites like the roundworm Habronema majus.
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Housefly mechanical parasite transmission
Housefly mechanical parasite transmission
Houseflies can transmit the eggs of various parasites, including Taenia solium and Toxocara sp, through mechanical transmission.
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Housefly method of feeding
Housefly method of feeding
Houseflies can liquefy solid foods like sugars by ejecting saliva and crop fluid, creating vomit drops, which play a role in disease transmission.
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Housefly feeding effects on animals
Housefly feeding effects on animals
The bite of houseflies can be painful, and their feeding habits can lead to anemia in young animals.
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First stage sheep nasal fly larva
First stage sheep nasal fly larva
A type of sheep nasal fly larva that causes irritation and inflammation in the nasal passages, leading to sneezing and a 'snotty nose' condition.
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False gid or sturdy
False gid or sturdy
A condition in sheep caused by sheep nasal fly larvae migrating into the brain, mimicking symptoms of "gid" caused by Coenurus cerebralis.
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Second stage sheep nasal fly larva
Second stage sheep nasal fly larva
A sheep nasal fly larva progressing to the second stage, potentially migrating to the brain from the frontal and maxillary sinuses.
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Northern Cattle Grub
Northern Cattle Grub
A common name for Hypoderma bovis, a type of cattle grub whose larvae burrow under the skin.
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Rafoxanide Treatment
Rafoxanide Treatment
A treatment method for sheep nasal fly infection, involving administering the drug Rafoxanide orally at a specific dosage.
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Ivermectin Treatment
Ivermectin Treatment
A treatment method for sheep nasal fly infection that uses Ivermectin injected subcutaneously.
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Closental Treatment
Closental Treatment
A treatment method for sheep nasal fly infection, involving administering the drug Closental orally.
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HCH in oil treatment
HCH in oil treatment
A method used for treating sheep nasal fly infection, where oil containing HCH is instilled into the nostrils to remove larvae.
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Flea Egg
Flea Egg
The flea egg is a large, pearly white, and oval structure that's produced by the female flea after feeding on blood.
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Flea Larva
Flea Larva
The larval stage of a flea involves three distinct stages, where the larvae develop into a worm-like form with head and body segments.
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Flea Pupa
Flea Pupa
The pupa stage of a flea is characterized by the formation of a cocoon, where the larva transforms into a pupa. This stage is crucial for the flea to survive and wait for the right moment to emerge as an adult.
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Hatching Spine
Hatching Spine
The first stage larvae of a flea emerge from the egg using a hatching spine or egg tooth.
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Mastigatory Mouthparts
Mastigatory Mouthparts
A type of mouthpart found in flea larvae, allowing them to feed on organic matter and undigested blood.
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Ctenocephalides
Ctenocephalides
Ctenocephalides are a genus of fleas that are commonly called the
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Genal Combs
Genal Combs
The genal combs are anatomical features found on the head of a flea, specifically on the cheeks.
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Pronotal Combs
Pronotal Combs
The pronotal combs are anatomical features found on the thorax of a flea, present in the genus Ctenocephalides.
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Warbles
Warbles
Swellings on cattle skin caused by the larval stage of the ox warble fly.
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Warble Stage
Warble Stage
The stage where the ox warble fly larva is fully grown and lives inside a swelling under the skin.
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Pupation
Pupation
The stage where the ox warble fly larva falls off the host and transforms into a pupa.
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Gadding
Gadding
The characteristic behavior of cattle when being harassed by adult ox warble flies.
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Effects of Adult Ox Warble Fly
Effects of Adult Ox Warble Fly
The harmful effects of the ox warble fly's adult stage on cattle.
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Effects of Ox Warble Fly Larvae
Effects of Ox Warble Fly Larvae
The harmful effects of the ox warble fly's larval stage on cattle.
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Cutaneous Myiasis
Cutaneous Myiasis
The condition where multiple larvae enter the same skin opening, causing an exudate and prone to infection.
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Butchers Jelly
Butchers Jelly
The green-yellow tracks left by migrating ox warble fly larva.
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Stenosis of the Esophagus
Stenosis of the Esophagus
The condition where the ox warble fly larvae enters the esophagus, causing narrowing.
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Mechanical Removal of Larvae
Mechanical Removal of Larvae
The process of manually removing ox warble fly larvae from cattle.
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Arthropods of Veterinary Importance
- Arthropods are a group of invertebrates, including insects, crustaceans, and arachnids.
- They are significant vectors for various animal diseases.
- Morphological features, general bionomics, life cycle, and vector potential of various arthropods impacting animals and birds are essential to study.
- Some of the arthropods studied include bugs (e.g., Cimex), biting midges, black flies, sandflies, mosquitoes, horse flies, warbles, stomach bots, nasal bots, bottle flies, lice, fleas, arachnids (ticks, mites), and mites.
- Understanding their life cycles and control measures is crucial in veterinary practice.
- Insecticide and acaricide resistance are important considerations.
Phylum Arthropoda
- Arthropoda is a Greek word meaning "joint" (arthros) and "leg" (podos).
- Arthropods' defining characteristic is the presence of jointed appendages.
- Further characteristics include Bilateral symmetry, segmented body, chitinous exoskeleton, jointed legs, and a haemocoel.
External Anatomy of Insects
- The insect body is divided into three segments: head, thorax, and abdomen.
- The head bears antennae, eyes, and various mouthparts.
- The thorax bears three pairs of legs used for locomotion.
- The abdomen is the posteriormost segment.
- Wings are an optional feature.
Mouthparts
- Various types of mouthparts exist among insects, each adapted for a specific feeding strategy.
- These can be Prognathous, Hypognathous, or Opisthognathous.
- Specific mouthparts types are found in insect species; these are important to know in veterinary practice.
Antennae
- Antennae are sensory structures in insects, varying in shape and structure, reflecting different species.
- There are different types of antennae.
- These antennae aid in various functions (smelling, hearing, feeling)
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