Veterinary Anaesthetic Agents Quiz
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Questions and Answers

Which anaesthetic agent has a structure of hindered phenol?

  • Ketamine
  • Propofol (correct)
  • Thiopentone
  • Alfaxalone

    • Which anaesthetic agent is an imidazole derivative?

  • Propofol
  • Ketamine
  • Alfaxalone
  • Etomidate (correct)

    • Which anaesthetic agent is a dissociative agent?

  • Alfaxalone
  • Propofol
  • Thiopentone
  • Ketamine (correct)

    • Which anaesthetic agent is a steroid anaesthetic?

    <p>Alfaxalone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the blood:gas partition coefficient measure?

    <p>Solubility in blood</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which anaesthetic has the highest oil:gas partition coefficient?

    <p>Isoflurane</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which anaesthetic has the lowest blood:gas partition coefficient?

    <p>Desflurane</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which anaesthetic has the lowest metabolism percentage?

    <p>Desflurane</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which anaesthetic has the highest minimum alveolar concentration (MAC) percentage?

    <p>Desflurane</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which anaesthetic has the highest global warming potential?

    <p>Isoflurane</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which anaesthetic is associated with the least airway irritation for mask induction?

    <p>Sevoflurane</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which anaesthetic has the highest boiling point?

    <p>Isoflurane</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which anaesthetic is known for rapid increases in heart rate and arterial blood pressure at high concentrations?

    <p>Isoflurane</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which anaesthetic is a weak anaesthetic with negligible cardiovascular and respiratory effects?

    <p>Nitrous oxide</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which anaesthetic is known for the second gas effect and diffusion hypoxia?

    <p>Nitrous oxide</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which anaesthetic is associated with long-term occupational exposure risks such as anaemia, leukopaenia, and peripheral neuropathy?

    <p>Nitrous oxide</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of animal is unsuitable for IV infusions of Propofol due to a slower metabolism and reduced ability to conjugate with glucuronide?

    <p>Cats</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which anaesthetic agent causes rapid loss of consciousness in the central nervous system (CNS) and mild hypotension in the cardiovascular system (CVS)?

    <p>Propofol</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which animal is alfaxalone licensed for use in, with rapid onset and short duration?

    <p>Dogs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which animals should ketamine not be used as a sole agent for anaesthesia due to its potential for convulsions and hallucinations?

    <p>Horses</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When is Intravenous anaesthesia (TIVA) used?

    <p>When the airway cannot be shared</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which anaesthetic agents are suitable for TIVA in dogs and cats?

    <p>Propofol and alfaxalone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the basis for choosing between propofol and alfaxalone?

    <p>Personal preference and cost</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of anaesthetic agents are typically used for maintenance of anaesthesia due to their rapid adjustability and elimination?

    <p>Inhalational anaesthetic agents</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does Minimum Alveolar Concentration (MAC) measure?

    <p>Potency of inhaled anaesthetics</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which inhaled anaesthetic requires the lowest concentration in dogs and cats according to MAC values?

    <p>Desflurane</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which animals is ketamine used to induce anaesthesia and provide analgesia, but should be used with caution in patients with a history of seizures or elevated intracranial pressure?

    <p>Dogs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is Total Intravenous anaesthesia (TIVA)?

    <p>Use of intravenous anaesthetics to both induce and maintain anaesthesia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the in-use shelf-life of Propofol?

    <p>28 days</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is not a component of the formulation of Propofol?

    <p>Olive oil</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the maximum recommended duration for Propofol infusion?

    <p>30 minutes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended maximum dosage of Propofol per anaesthetic?

    <p>24 mg/kg</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the blood:gas partition coefficient of sevoflurane?

    <p>0.68</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which inhaled anaesthetic has the highest oil:gas partition coefficient?

    <p>Isoflurane</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the boiling point of desflurane?

    <p>23°C</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which anaesthetic agent has the lowest metabolism percentage?

    <p>Desflurane</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the MAC (%) of desflurane?

    <p>7.2</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which anaesthetic agent is associated with the least airway irritation for mask induction?

    <p>Desflurane</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which anaesthetic agent is known for rapid increases in heart rate and arterial blood pressure at high concentrations?

    <p>Isoflurane</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which anaesthetic agent is a weak anaesthetic with negligible cardiovascular and respiratory effects?

    <p>Nitrous oxide</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the blood:gas partition coefficient of isoflurane?

    <p>1.5</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the MAC (%) of sevoflurane?

    <p>2.3</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which anaesthetic agent has the highest global warming potential?

    <p>Isoflurane</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which anaesthetic agent is a gas at room temperature and pressure?

    <p>Nitrous oxide</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which anaesthetic agent is suitable for TIVA in cats?

    <p>Alfaxalone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which anaesthetic agent is associated with the least airway irritation for mask induction?

    <p>Sevoflurane</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the minimum alveolar concentration (MAC) used to measure?

    <p>Pain threshold</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which anaesthetic agent has the highest global warming potential?

    <p>Desflurane</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which anaesthetic agent is known for the second gas effect and diffusion hypoxia?

    <p>Desflurane</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which anaesthetic agent is a weak anaesthetic with negligible cardiovascular and respiratory effects?

    <p>Ketamine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which anaesthetic agent is an imidazole derivative?

    <p>Halothane</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the blood:gas partition coefficient measure?

    <p>Solubility in blood</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which anaesthetic agents are typically used for maintenance of anaesthesia due to their rapid adjustability and elimination?

    <p>Isoflurane and desflurane</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which anaesthetic has the lowest metabolism percentage?

    <p>Isoflurane</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When is Total Intravenous anaesthesia (TIVA) used?

    <p>Both a and b</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which anaesthetic agent is known for rapid increases in heart rate and arterial blood pressure at high concentrations?

    <p>Ketamine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Veterinary Anaesthetic Agents and Their Clinical Use

    • Cats have a slower metabolism and are less able to conjugate with glucuronide, making them unsuitable for IV infusions of Propofol.
    • Propofol causes rapid loss of consciousness in the central nervous system (CNS) and mild hypotension in the cardiovascular system (CVS).
    • Alfaxalone is a steroid anaesthetic with rapid onset and short duration, licensed for use in dogs, cats, and rabbits, and is administered IV to induce and maintain anaesthesia.
    • Ketamine is a dissociative anaesthetic and analgesic that can be given IV, IM, or SC, and should not be used as a sole agent for anaesthesia due to its potential for convulsions and hallucinations.
    • Intravenous anaesthesia (TIVA) is used when inhalational anaesthetic agents are not available, or when the airway cannot be shared, such as in bronchoscopy or some airway surgeries.
    • Propofol or alfaxalone are suitable for TIVA in dogs, while only alfaxalone is suitable for cats, and a "triple drip" of an α2-agonist plus GGE plus ketamine is popular for field anaesthesia in horses.
    • The choice between propofol and alfaxalone is based on personal preference and cost, while ketamine may be chosen in cases of aggressive patients or haemodynamic instability.
    • Inhalational anaesthetic agents, such as halothane, isoflurane, desflurane, and sevoflurane, are typically used for maintenance of anaesthesia due to their rapid adjustability and elimination.
    • Minimum Alveolar Concentration (MAC) is used to compare the potency of different inhaled anaesthetics and is the steady-state minimum alveolar concentration required to prevent gross purposeful movement in response to noxious stimulation in 50% of test subjects.
    • MAC values vary between different inhaled anaesthetics, with desflurane requiring the lowest concentration in dogs and cats.
    • Ketamine is used to induce anaesthesia in dogs, cats, and horses, and to provide analgesia in dogs and cats, but should be used with caution in patients with a history of seizures or elevated intracranial pressure.
    • Total Intravenous anaesthesia (TIVA) is the use of intravenous anaesthetics to both induce and maintain anaesthesia, and can be used in cases where inhalational anaesthetic agents are not available or when the airway cannot be shared, such as in bronchoscopy or some airway surgeries.

    Veterinary Anaesthetic Agents and Their Clinical Use

    • Cats have a slower metabolism and are less able to conjugate with glucuronide, making them unsuitable for IV infusions of Propofol.
    • Propofol causes rapid loss of consciousness in the central nervous system (CNS) and mild hypotension in the cardiovascular system (CVS).
    • Alfaxalone is a steroid anaesthetic with rapid onset and short duration, licensed for use in dogs, cats, and rabbits, and is administered IV to induce and maintain anaesthesia.
    • Ketamine is a dissociative anaesthetic and analgesic that can be given IV, IM, or SC, and should not be used as a sole agent for anaesthesia due to its potential for convulsions and hallucinations.
    • Intravenous anaesthesia (TIVA) is used when inhalational anaesthetic agents are not available, or when the airway cannot be shared, such as in bronchoscopy or some airway surgeries.
    • Propofol or alfaxalone are suitable for TIVA in dogs, while only alfaxalone is suitable for cats, and a "triple drip" of an α2-agonist plus GGE plus ketamine is popular for field anaesthesia in horses.
    • The choice between propofol and alfaxalone is based on personal preference and cost, while ketamine may be chosen in cases of aggressive patients or haemodynamic instability.
    • Inhalational anaesthetic agents, such as halothane, isoflurane, desflurane, and sevoflurane, are typically used for maintenance of anaesthesia due to their rapid adjustability and elimination.
    • Minimum Alveolar Concentration (MAC) is used to compare the potency of different inhaled anaesthetics and is the steady-state minimum alveolar concentration required to prevent gross purposeful movement in response to noxious stimulation in 50% of test subjects.
    • MAC values vary between different inhaled anaesthetics, with desflurane requiring the lowest concentration in dogs and cats.
    • Ketamine is used to induce anaesthesia in dogs, cats, and horses, and to provide analgesia in dogs and cats, but should be used with caution in patients with a history of seizures or elevated intracranial pressure.
    • Total Intravenous anaesthesia (TIVA) is the use of intravenous anaesthetics to both induce and maintain anaesthesia, and can be used in cases where inhalational anaesthetic agents are not available or when the airway cannot be shared, such as in bronchoscopy or some airway surgeries.

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    L6 Clinical pharmacology of anaesthetics 2023.pptx

    Description

    Test your knowledge of veterinary anaesthetic agents and their clinical use with this quiz. Learn about the uses and considerations for Propofol, Alfaxalone, Ketamine, and Intravenous anaesthesia (TIVA) in different animal species. Understand the role of inhalational anaesthetic agents and Minimum Alveolar Concentration (MAC) in maintaining anaesthesia.

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