Vesicoureteral Reflux Overview

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Questions and Answers

What type of medications may be prescribed in cases where corticosteroids alone are not effective for nephrotic syndrome?

  • Immunosuppressive drugs (correct)
  • Painkillers
  • Antihistamines
  • Antibiotics

Which medication type is used to help remove excess fluid from the body in nephrotic syndrome?

  • Antifungals
  • Diuretics (correct)
  • Antivirals
  • Antibiotics

What dietary modification may be recommended to help manage fluid retention and high blood pressure in nephrotic syndrome?

  • Low-sodium diet (correct)
  • High-caffeine diet
  • High-sugar diet
  • High-protein diet

What is the common term used to refer to Systemic Lupus Erythematosus?

<p>Lupus (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What combination of factors is believed to contribute to the development of lupus?

<p>Genetic, environmental, and hormonal factors (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In lupus, what does the body's immune system mistakenly attack?

<p>Healthy tissues and organs (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary cause of vesicoureteral reflux (VUR)?

<p>Congenital abnormalities in the ureterovesical junction (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a possible treatment option for mild cases of vesicoureteral reflux (VUR)?

<p>Observation and monitoring (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which symptom is NOT commonly associated with vesicoureteral reflux (VUR)?

<p>Chest pain (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What might be prescribed to prevent urinary tract infections (UTIs) in children with vesicoureteral reflux (VUR)?

<p>Low-dose daily antibiotics (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In cases of severe vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) or recurrent UTIs, what surgical procedures may be recommended?

<p>Endoscopic injection of bulking agents (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is hydronephrosis characterized by?

<p>Swelling or enlargement of one or both kidneys due to urine accumulation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common medication used for proteinuria management in kidney disease?

<p>Corticosteroids (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of medications may be prescribed for autoimmune-related chronic glomerulonephritis?

<p>Immunosuppressive medications (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is essential for managing chronic glomerulonephritis?

<p>Reducing salt intake and limiting protein (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a crucial aspect in delaying the progression of kidney disease?

<p>Strict blood pressure control (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is close monitoring of blood pressure essential in kidney disease?

<p>To delay the progression of kidney disease (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What supportive care might be needed for children with chronic glomerulonephritis?

<p>Nutritional support and erythropoietin therapy (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common cause of nephrotic syndrome in children?

<p>Minimal change disease (MCD) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which symptom of nephrotic syndrome is characterized by large amounts of protein leaking into the urine?

<p>Proteinuria (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the glomeruli in the kidneys?

<p>Filtering waste products from the blood (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which treatment is considered the first-line approach for minimal change disease in nephrotic syndrome?

<p>Corticosteroids (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can hypoalbuminemia in nephrotic syndrome lead to?

<p>Fluid accumulation in tissues (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which age group is nephrotic syndrome more common in?

<p>Children between 2 and 6 years old (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a common symptom of lupus?

<p>Numbness and tingling in the extremities (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the common tests used to diagnose lupus?

<p>Blood tests to detect antinuclear antibodies (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) in treating lupus?

<p>To reduce pain, inflammation, and swelling (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which medication is used in lupus treatment to suppress the overactive immune response?

<p>Immunosuppressive medications like methotrexate (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a symptom of kidney involvement in lupus?

<p>Swelling in the legs or around the eyes (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which medication is indicated for managing high blood pressure in lupus patients?

<p>Antihypertensive drugs (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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