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Questions and Answers
What is the distinguishing feature of the Vertebra Prominens?
What is the distinguishing feature of the Vertebra Prominens?
Which joint is formed by the articular facets on the dens and the anterior arch of C1 (atlas)?
Which joint is formed by the articular facets on the dens and the anterior arch of C1 (atlas)?
What is the major function of the thoracic cage?
What is the major function of the thoracic cage?
Which part of the vertebral column forms a kyphotic curvature?
Which part of the vertebral column forms a kyphotic curvature?
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What anatomical feature allows the Vertebra Prominens to be palpated from the skin surface?
What anatomical feature allows the Vertebra Prominens to be palpated from the skin surface?
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What is the main function of the vertebral body in the vertebral column?
What is the main function of the vertebral body in the vertebral column?
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Which part of the vertebra serves as an attachment for ribs and muscles?
Which part of the vertebra serves as an attachment for ribs and muscles?
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What is the function of the intervertebral foramen?
What is the function of the intervertebral foramen?
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How many pairs of spinal nerves exit from the spinal cord?
How many pairs of spinal nerves exit from the spinal cord?
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Which part of the vertebra connects the body of the vertebra with the transverse processes?
Which part of the vertebra connects the body of the vertebra with the transverse processes?
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What makes up approximately one-fourth of the length of the vertebral column?
What makes up approximately one-fourth of the length of the vertebral column?
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Which part of the intervertebral disc acts as a strong attachment between vertebrae for support and protection?
Which part of the intervertebral disc acts as a strong attachment between vertebrae for support and protection?
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Which vertebral segments have no intervertebral discs between them?
Which vertebral segments have no intervertebral discs between them?
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What is the distinguishing feature of lumbar vertebrae?
What is the distinguishing feature of lumbar vertebrae?
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Which part of the vertebral column is responsible for transmitting spinal nerve roots?
Which part of the vertebral column is responsible for transmitting spinal nerve roots?
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What is the total number of vertebrae in the human vertebral column?
What is the total number of vertebrae in the human vertebral column?
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What curvature develops when toddlers begin standing and walking?
What curvature develops when toddlers begin standing and walking?
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Where do the 5 sacral vertebrae fuse to form a single bone structure?
Where do the 5 sacral vertebrae fuse to form a single bone structure?
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Which part of the vertebral column is responsible for creating alternating kyphotic curvatures?
Which part of the vertebral column is responsible for creating alternating kyphotic curvatures?
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Which region of the vertebral column is primarily responsible for posture, supporting body weight, and locomotion?
Which region of the vertebral column is primarily responsible for posture, supporting body weight, and locomotion?
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Study Notes
General Vertebral Anatomy
- Vertebra is composed of two main parts: anterior vertebral body and posterior vertebral arch.
- Key structural components include:
- Body
- Vertebral arch
- Articular processes (2 superior, 2 inferior)
- Transverse processes (2)
- Spinous process
- Pedicles (2)
- Laminae (2)
- The vertebral foramen, located between the body and vertebral arch, houses the spinal cord.
- Intervertebral foramen forms between adjacent vertebrae's pedicles, protecting exiting spinal nerves.
Important Vertebral Features
- Body: Largest segment, provides column height and absorbs shock through stacking.
- Transverse Processes: Project laterally from vertebrae, serve as muscle and rib attachment points.
- Spinous Processes: Project posteriorly, provide attachment for muscles and ribs.
- Articular Processes: Essential for intervertebral joints, extending superiorly and inferiorly.
- Pedicles: Connect the vertebral body to the transverse processes.
- Laminae: Connect transverse processes to spinous processes.
- Vertebral Foramen: Encloses/protects the spinal cord, formed by the union of body, pedicle, lamina, and spinous process.
- Intervertebral Foramen: Protects spinal nerves during exit from the spinal cord.
Organization of Spinal Nerves
- 31 pairs of spinal nerves emerge from the spinal cord, passing through intervertebral foramen to reach peripheral areas.
- The vertebral canal (spinal canal) protects the spinal cord during its course through the vertebrae.
Cervical Vertebrae
- Comprises 7 vertebrae with a lordotic curvature.
- Common features of typical cervical vertebrae include:
- Smaller body compared to other vertebrae
- Transverse foramen present in transverse processes
- Bifurcated spinous process for muscle attachment.
Atlas and Axis (C1 and C2)
- Atlas (C1) lacks body and laminae, and has no pedicles.
- Features include anterior and posterior arches, with an articular surface for the odontoid process (Dens) of the axis.
- Lateral masses contain articular surfaces for occipital condyles and axis.
- Axis (C2) features the odontoid process (dens), a pivot allowing rotation of the atlas, crucial for head movement.
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Description
Test your knowledge on the anatomy of a vertebra. Identify the different parts such as the body, vertebral arch, processes, and foramen. Understand the structure that houses the spinal cord.
