Verbos Irregulares - Group 2

Verbos Irregulares - Group 2

• Irregular verbs in the preterite follow a specific pattern, with stems changing and taking specific endings:
  • Yo: -e
  • Nosotros/as: -imos
  • Tú: -iste
  • Vosotros/as: -isteis
  • Él/Ella/Ud.: -ió
  • Ellos/Ellas/Uds.: -ieron
• Examples of irregular stems:
  • andar (to walk): anduv-
  • estar (to be): estuv-
  • tener (to have): tuv-
  • caber (to fit): cup-
  • haber (to have auxiliary verb): hub-
  • poder (to be able to): pud-
  • poner (to put): pus-
  • saber (to know): sup-
  • querer (to want): quis-
  • venir (to come): vin-
• Conjugations of estar (to be) and tener (to have) in the preterite:
  • Estar: estuve, estuvimos, estuviste, estuvisteis, estuvo, estuvieron
  • Tener: tuve, tuvimos, tuviste, tuvisteis, tuvo, tuvieron

Verbos Irregulares - Group 3

• Verbs that end in -gar, -car, or -zar change their spelling to preserve the sound of the infinitive in the "yo" form:
  • Verbs ending in -gar: change g to gu
  • Verbs ending in -car: change c to qu
  • Verbs ending in -zar: change z to c
• Examples of verbs that follow this pattern:
  • jugar (to play): jugué
  • buscar (to look for): busqué
  • almorzar (to have lunch): almorcé
  • Other verbs that follow this pattern: aparcar, comenzar, pagar, practicar, cruzar, sacar, empezar, tocar, organizar

Verbos Irregulares - Group 4

• Verbs ending in -aer, -eer, -oír, or -oer take a y in the 3rd and 6th person:
  • 3rd person (él/ella/usted): use the ending yó (instead of ió)
  • 6th person (ellos/ellas/ustedes): use the ending yeron (instead of ieron)
  • Remaining forms: get a written accent over the letter í
• Examples of verbs that follow this pattern:
  • Creer (to believe): creí, creímos, creíste, creísteis, creyó, creyeron
  • Other verbs that follow this pattern: leer, construir, oír, caer, contribuir, incluir, destruir, concluir

Verbos Irregulares - Group 5

• Verbs ending in -ucir:
  • Remove the -ucir and add the following endings:
    • Yo: -uje
    • Nosotros/as: -ujimos
    • Tú: -ujiste
    • Vosotros/as: -ujisteis
    • Él/Ella/Ud.: -ujo
    • Ellos/Ellas/Uds.: -ujeron
• Examples of verbs that follow this pattern:
  • Producir (to produce): produje, produjimos, produjiste, produjisteis, produjo, produjeron
  • Other verbs that follow this pattern: conducir, introducir, reducir, traducir

Verbos Irregulares - Group 6

• -ir verbs that are radical changing (stem changing) in the present tense:
  • They also change in the preterite, but in a different way
  • They change e:i and o:u in the third and sixth person
• Examples of verbs that follow this pattern:
  • Preferir (e→i): preferí, preferimos, preferiste, preferisteis, prefirió, prefirieron
  • Other verbs that follow this pattern: dormir (o→u), sentir (e→i), pedir (e→i)