Ventricular Septal Defects (VSD)
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary cause of hypertrophy of the left ventricle?

  • Pulmonic stenosis
  • Aortic stenosis (correct)
  • Mitral regurgitation
  • Tricuspid atresia
  • What is the management for tricuspid atresia?

  • Aortic valve replacement
  • Fontan procedure (correct)
  • Balloon angioplasty
  • Cardiac catheterization
  • What is the purpose of anticoagulant therapy in the management of aortic stenosis?

  • To prevent endocarditis
  • To reduce left ventricular hypertrophy
  • To improve cardiac output
  • To prevent thrombus formation (correct)
  • What is a characteristic sign of pulmonic stenosis?

    <p>Widely split S2 sound</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of cardiac catheterization in the management of cardiac defects?

    <p>To diagnose cardiac defects</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a complication of aortic stenosis that can be prevented with prophylactic antibiotics?

    <p>Endocarditis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason for the failure of endocardial cushions in the embryonic heart, leading to Atrioventricular Canal Defect?

    <p>Incomplete fusion of the atrial septum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of indomethacin therapy in the management of Patent Ductus Arteriosus?

    <p>To facilitate closure of the Ductus Arteriosus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic murmur found in patients with Pulmonic Stenosis?

    <p>Early to midsystolic murmur at the second or third left intercostal space</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary method of managing Congenital Cardiac Defects such as Atrial Septal Defect and Patent Ductus Arteriosus?

    <p>Open heart surgery and interventional cardiac catheterization</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does cardiac catheterization reveal in patients with Atrial Septal Defect?

    <p>Increased PO2 saturation at the right side of the heart</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic ECG finding in patients with Pulmonic Stenosis?

    <p>Right-sided hypertrophy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What percentage of all congenital heart disease is attributed to cardiovascular disorders?

    <p>25%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What percentage of small ventricular septal defects typically close spontaneously?

    <p>60%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During cardiac catheterization, what is the purpose of injecting a radiopaque contrast medium?

    <p>To visualize blood circulation through the heart chambers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common site of catheter insertion during cardiac catheterization?

    <p>Right femoral vein</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a crucial aspect of nursing care before cardiac catheterization?

    <p>NPO for 6 hours</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential complication of cardiac catheterization?

    <p>Infection and thrombus formation</p> Signup and view all the answers

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