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What type of damage can be caused by a venomous arthropod?
Which of the following arthropods is known to attack the CNS?
What is the effect of a blister beetle's venom?
Which of the following is NOT a type of venomous arthropod?
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What is the main effect of a venomous arthropod's cytolytic damage?
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Which of the following arthropods causes hemolytic damage?
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What is the characteristic feature of a cephalothorax in ants?
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What is the primary purpose of a flea's bite?
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What is the effect of Cantharidin on humans?
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What is unique about the stinger of a honey bee?
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Which of the following is a common symptom of an allergic reaction to an insect bite or sting?
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What is the difference between a bite and a sting?
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What is the effect of a Sydney funnel-web spider's venom on humans?
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Which of the following insects is not typically considered venomous?
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What is the name of the Brazilian wandering spider?
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What is the main purpose of a venomous animal's venom?
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What is the effect of a redback spider's venom on humans?
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Which of the following spiders is known for its necrotic lesions?
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Which of the following is a characteristic of a severe allergic reaction?
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What is the term for the gland that produces venom in venomous animals?
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What is the characteristic feature of the abdomen of ants?
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Which of the following is a common symptom of a shock reaction?
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What is the effect of a hornet's sting on humans?
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What is the characteristic feature of the legs of ants?
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What is the term for an animal that has venom that can cause harm to humans?
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Which of the following is a characteristic of an animal's sting?
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What is the characteristic behavior of a certain type of arthropod when threatened?
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What is the term used to describe the characteristic marks left by a certain type of arthropod's mandible?
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What is the typical duration that a pustule remains on the skin after being bitten or stung?
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What is the potential complication that can occur if a pustule is broken?
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What is the term used to describe the type of damage caused by a certain type of arthropod's venom?
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What is the typical behavior of an arthropod when it feels threatened or cornered?
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What is the primary difference between a bee's sting and an ant's bite?
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What is the first step in removing a bee stinger from skin?
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What is the effect of histamine in a bee's venom?
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What is the primary component of a bee's venom that causes an allergic reaction?
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What is the typical response to a bee sting in a non-allergic person?
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What is the primary effect of an ant's venom?
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What is the typical treatment for an ant bite?
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What is the primary difference between a bee's venom and an ant's venom?
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What is the recommended course of action if a person is stung by a bee and experiences an allergic reaction?
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What is the primary way to avoid being stung by a bee or hornet?
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Study Notes
Venomous Arthropods
- Any arthropod that can cause blistering, necrotic, or hemolytic damage to humans is considered venomous.
Characteristics of Venomous Arthropods
- Scorpions, black widow spiders, and certain beetles can cause neurotoxic damage to humans.
- Some arthropods can cause cytolytic or hemolytic damage to tissues.
- Fleas, ticks, and lice can prevent blood coagulation, leading to hemorrhaging.
Importance of Venomous Arthropods
- Every person reacts differently to venomous bites or stings.
- Allergic reactions to venom can range from mild to severe.
Types of Allergic Reactions
Mild Allergic Reaction
- Itchy skin, malaise, anxiety, and local swelling at the bite or sting site.
General Reaction
- Common symptoms plus two additional symptoms: swelling, shortness of breath, abdominal pain, or vomiting.
Severe Reaction
- Any common symptom plus two severe symptoms: difficulty swallowing, hoarseness, or breathlessness.
- Shock reaction: hypotension, dizziness, fainting, or cyanosis.
Comparison of Bites and Stings
- Venom is injected through the mouthparts (teeth) in bites, while stings involve sharp structures that inject venom.
- The main purpose of venom is to immobilize prey or defend against predators.
Similarities Between Venomous Arthropods
- Teeth and stingers are used to inject venom.
- Venom ducts and glands are present in venomous animals.
Examples of Venomous Arthropods
Hymenoptera
- Honey bees, hornets, and certain wasps can cause pain and inflammation.
Coleoptera
- Certain beetles can cause skin inflammation and blistering.
Scorpioids
- Scorpions use their pedipalps to inject venom into their victims.
Arachnida
- Spiders use their chelicerae to inject venom into their victims.
Specific Examples
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Black widow spiders have a neurotoxin that can cause severe pain and breathing difficulties.
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Australian funnel-web spiders can cause muscle cramps, hypertension, and cardiac arrest.### Insect Bites and Stings
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Bee and wasp stings can cause allergic reactions, while ants bite and sting, causing local toxic reactions.
Bee and Wasp Stings
- Bees, wasps, and hornets can sting, and their venom can cause an allergic reaction that can be life-threatening.
- If a bee nest is seen, do not disturb it and call an insect control company or council if it's in a public area.
Identifying Bee Nests
- Check for the presence of a colony at night by listening for buzzing sounds and feeling for heat.
- Use powdered insecticide to kill the bee colony.
Bee Venom
- Bee venom contains histamine, acetylcholine, hyaluronidase enzyme, and phospholipase.
- Non-allergic individuals may experience local inflammation and swelling, which usually subsides within a few hours.
Allergic Reactions to Insect Stings
- An allergic reaction can occur within minutes of a sting and can lead to anaphylactic shock, which can be life-threatening.
- Symptoms include whole-body itching, swelling, urticaria, angioedema, fainting, headache, vomiting, stomach cramps, joint pain, and tight chest.
Emergency Treatment
- Remove the stinger immediately by scraping it off with a credit card or fingers.
- Wash the area with soap and water, apply ice or cold water, and seek medical treatment.
Preventing Insect Stings
- Avoid areas where bees and wasps are present, wear light-colored clothing, avoid bare feet, and be cautious during fruit season.
Ant Venom
- Ant venom can cause burning pain, blistering, and pustules at the site of the sting.
- Common reactions include burning, acute pain, and blistering, followed by pustules that can leave scarring.
Allergic Reactions to Ant Bites
- Urticaria, angioedema, difficulty breathing, and hypotension can occur in allergic individuals.
- Large areas of induration, edema, and erythema can occur, leading to immobilization of the affected limb.
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Description
Learn about the characteristics and examples of venomous arthropods, including blister beetles and their effects on humans.
