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What type of damage can be caused by a venomous arthropod?
What type of damage can be caused by a venomous arthropod?
Which of the following arthropods is known to attack the CNS?
Which of the following arthropods is known to attack the CNS?
What is the effect of a blister beetle's venom?
What is the effect of a blister beetle's venom?
Which of the following is NOT a type of venomous arthropod?
Which of the following is NOT a type of venomous arthropod?
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What is the main effect of a venomous arthropod's cytolytic damage?
What is the main effect of a venomous arthropod's cytolytic damage?
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Which of the following arthropods causes hemolytic damage?
Which of the following arthropods causes hemolytic damage?
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What is the characteristic feature of a cephalothorax in ants?
What is the characteristic feature of a cephalothorax in ants?
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What is the primary purpose of a flea's bite?
What is the primary purpose of a flea's bite?
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What is the effect of Cantharidin on humans?
What is the effect of Cantharidin on humans?
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What is unique about the stinger of a honey bee?
What is unique about the stinger of a honey bee?
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Which of the following is a common symptom of an allergic reaction to an insect bite or sting?
Which of the following is a common symptom of an allergic reaction to an insect bite or sting?
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What is the difference between a bite and a sting?
What is the difference between a bite and a sting?
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What is the effect of a Sydney funnel-web spider's venom on humans?
What is the effect of a Sydney funnel-web spider's venom on humans?
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Which of the following insects is not typically considered venomous?
Which of the following insects is not typically considered venomous?
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What is the name of the Brazilian wandering spider?
What is the name of the Brazilian wandering spider?
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What is the main purpose of a venomous animal's venom?
What is the main purpose of a venomous animal's venom?
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What is the effect of a redback spider's venom on humans?
What is the effect of a redback spider's venom on humans?
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Which of the following spiders is known for its necrotic lesions?
Which of the following spiders is known for its necrotic lesions?
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Which of the following is a characteristic of a severe allergic reaction?
Which of the following is a characteristic of a severe allergic reaction?
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What is the term for the gland that produces venom in venomous animals?
What is the term for the gland that produces venom in venomous animals?
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What is the characteristic feature of the abdomen of ants?
What is the characteristic feature of the abdomen of ants?
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Which of the following is a common symptom of a shock reaction?
Which of the following is a common symptom of a shock reaction?
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What is the effect of a hornet's sting on humans?
What is the effect of a hornet's sting on humans?
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What is the characteristic feature of the legs of ants?
What is the characteristic feature of the legs of ants?
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What is the term for an animal that has venom that can cause harm to humans?
What is the term for an animal that has venom that can cause harm to humans?
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Which of the following is a characteristic of an animal's sting?
Which of the following is a characteristic of an animal's sting?
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What is the characteristic behavior of a certain type of arthropod when threatened?
What is the characteristic behavior of a certain type of arthropod when threatened?
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What is the term used to describe the characteristic marks left by a certain type of arthropod's mandible?
What is the term used to describe the characteristic marks left by a certain type of arthropod's mandible?
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What is the typical duration that a pustule remains on the skin after being bitten or stung?
What is the typical duration that a pustule remains on the skin after being bitten or stung?
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What is the potential complication that can occur if a pustule is broken?
What is the potential complication that can occur if a pustule is broken?
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What is the term used to describe the type of damage caused by a certain type of arthropod's venom?
What is the term used to describe the type of damage caused by a certain type of arthropod's venom?
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What is the typical behavior of an arthropod when it feels threatened or cornered?
What is the typical behavior of an arthropod when it feels threatened or cornered?
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What is the primary difference between a bee's sting and an ant's bite?
What is the primary difference between a bee's sting and an ant's bite?
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What is the first step in removing a bee stinger from skin?
What is the first step in removing a bee stinger from skin?
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What is the effect of histamine in a bee's venom?
What is the effect of histamine in a bee's venom?
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What is the primary component of a bee's venom that causes an allergic reaction?
What is the primary component of a bee's venom that causes an allergic reaction?
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What is the typical response to a bee sting in a non-allergic person?
What is the typical response to a bee sting in a non-allergic person?
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What is the primary effect of an ant's venom?
What is the primary effect of an ant's venom?
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What is the typical treatment for an ant bite?
What is the typical treatment for an ant bite?
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What is the primary difference between a bee's venom and an ant's venom?
What is the primary difference between a bee's venom and an ant's venom?
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What is the recommended course of action if a person is stung by a bee and experiences an allergic reaction?
What is the recommended course of action if a person is stung by a bee and experiences an allergic reaction?
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What is the primary way to avoid being stung by a bee or hornet?
What is the primary way to avoid being stung by a bee or hornet?
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Study Notes
Venomous Arthropods
- Any arthropod that can cause blistering, necrotic, or hemolytic damage to humans is considered venomous.
Characteristics of Venomous Arthropods
- Scorpions, black widow spiders, and certain beetles can cause neurotoxic damage to humans.
- Some arthropods can cause cytolytic or hemolytic damage to tissues.
- Fleas, ticks, and lice can prevent blood coagulation, leading to hemorrhaging.
Importance of Venomous Arthropods
- Every person reacts differently to venomous bites or stings.
- Allergic reactions to venom can range from mild to severe.
Types of Allergic Reactions
Mild Allergic Reaction
- Itchy skin, malaise, anxiety, and local swelling at the bite or sting site.
General Reaction
- Common symptoms plus two additional symptoms: swelling, shortness of breath, abdominal pain, or vomiting.
Severe Reaction
- Any common symptom plus two severe symptoms: difficulty swallowing, hoarseness, or breathlessness.
- Shock reaction: hypotension, dizziness, fainting, or cyanosis.
Comparison of Bites and Stings
- Venom is injected through the mouthparts (teeth) in bites, while stings involve sharp structures that inject venom.
- The main purpose of venom is to immobilize prey or defend against predators.
Similarities Between Venomous Arthropods
- Teeth and stingers are used to inject venom.
- Venom ducts and glands are present in venomous animals.
Examples of Venomous Arthropods
Hymenoptera
- Honey bees, hornets, and certain wasps can cause pain and inflammation.
Coleoptera
- Certain beetles can cause skin inflammation and blistering.
Scorpioids
- Scorpions use their pedipalps to inject venom into their victims.
Arachnida
- Spiders use their chelicerae to inject venom into their victims.
Specific Examples
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Black widow spiders have a neurotoxin that can cause severe pain and breathing difficulties.
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Australian funnel-web spiders can cause muscle cramps, hypertension, and cardiac arrest.### Insect Bites and Stings
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Bee and wasp stings can cause allergic reactions, while ants bite and sting, causing local toxic reactions.
Bee and Wasp Stings
- Bees, wasps, and hornets can sting, and their venom can cause an allergic reaction that can be life-threatening.
- If a bee nest is seen, do not disturb it and call an insect control company or council if it's in a public area.
Identifying Bee Nests
- Check for the presence of a colony at night by listening for buzzing sounds and feeling for heat.
- Use powdered insecticide to kill the bee colony.
Bee Venom
- Bee venom contains histamine, acetylcholine, hyaluronidase enzyme, and phospholipase.
- Non-allergic individuals may experience local inflammation and swelling, which usually subsides within a few hours.
Allergic Reactions to Insect Stings
- An allergic reaction can occur within minutes of a sting and can lead to anaphylactic shock, which can be life-threatening.
- Symptoms include whole-body itching, swelling, urticaria, angioedema, fainting, headache, vomiting, stomach cramps, joint pain, and tight chest.
Emergency Treatment
- Remove the stinger immediately by scraping it off with a credit card or fingers.
- Wash the area with soap and water, apply ice or cold water, and seek medical treatment.
Preventing Insect Stings
- Avoid areas where bees and wasps are present, wear light-colored clothing, avoid bare feet, and be cautious during fruit season.
Ant Venom
- Ant venom can cause burning pain, blistering, and pustules at the site of the sting.
- Common reactions include burning, acute pain, and blistering, followed by pustules that can leave scarring.
Allergic Reactions to Ant Bites
- Urticaria, angioedema, difficulty breathing, and hypotension can occur in allergic individuals.
- Large areas of induration, edema, and erythema can occur, leading to immobilization of the affected limb.
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Description
Learn about the characteristics and examples of venomous arthropods, including blister beetles and their effects on humans.
