Venomous Arthropods
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Questions and Answers

What type of damage can be caused by a venomous arthropod?

  • Blistering, cytolytic, hemolytic, and damage to the CNS (correct)
  • Only damage to the CNS and hemolytic damage
  • No damage, only allergic reactions
  • Only blistering and cytolytic damage

    • Which of the following arthropods is known to attack the CNS?

  • Black widow spider
  • Bat beetle
  • Scorpion (correct)
  • Chigger

    • What is the effect of a blister beetle's venom?

  • Cytolytic damage
  • Neurotoxic damage
  • Cresicating blisters (correct)
  • Hemolytic damage

    • Which of the following is NOT a type of venomous arthropod?

    <p>Butterfly</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main effect of a venomous arthropod's cytolytic damage?

    <p>Tissue damage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following arthropods causes hemolytic damage?

    <p>Chigger</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic feature of a cephalothorax in ants?

    <p>It has 2-12 eyes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of a flea's bite?

    <p>To get food from its host</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of Cantharidin on humans?

    <p>It causes severe skin inflammation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is unique about the stinger of a honey bee?

    <p>It dies after stinging</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a common symptom of an allergic reaction to an insect bite or sting?

    <p>Itchy skin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the difference between a bite and a sting?

    <p>A bite is injected through mouthparts, while a sting is injected through a sharp structure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of a Sydney funnel-web spider's venom on humans?

    <p>It causes hypertension and cardiac arrest</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following insects is not typically considered venomous?

    <p>Cockroach</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the Brazilian wandering spider?

    <p>Phoneutria higriventer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main purpose of a venomous animal's venom?

    <p>To defend itself from predators</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of a redback spider's venom on humans?

    <p>It causes pain and disability</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following spiders is known for its necrotic lesions?

    <p>Brown recluse spider</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a characteristic of a severe allergic reaction?

    <p>Difficulty swallowing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the gland that produces venom in venomous animals?

    <p>Venom gland</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic feature of the abdomen of ants?

    <p>It is segmented</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a common symptom of a shock reaction?

    <p>Hypotension</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of a hornet's sting on humans?

    <p>It causes death in 2 hours</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic feature of the legs of ants?

    <p>They are jointed</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for an animal that has venom that can cause harm to humans?

    <p>Venomous</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a characteristic of an animal's sting?

    <p>It is injected through a sharp structure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic behavior of a certain type of arthropod when threatened?

    <p>It bites and stings in a circular motion.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe the characteristic marks left by a certain type of arthropod's mandible?

    <p>Pathognomonic</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the typical duration that a pustule remains on the skin after being bitten or stung?

    <p>3-10 days</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the potential complication that can occur if a pustule is broken?

    <p>Secondary infection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe the type of damage caused by a certain type of arthropod's venom?

    <p>Cytolytic</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the typical behavior of an arthropod when it feels threatened or cornered?

    <p>It stings repeatedly.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary difference between a bee's sting and an ant's bite?

    <p>Ant's bite causes a local toxic reaction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the first step in removing a bee stinger from skin?

    <p>Pull the stinger out immediately</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of histamine in a bee's venom?

    <p>It causes local inflammation and swelling</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary component of a bee's venom that causes an allergic reaction?

    <p>Phospholipase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the typical response to a bee sting in a non-allergic person?

    <p>Local pain and inflammation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary effect of an ant's venom?

    <p>Causes a burning sensation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the typical treatment for an ant bite?

    <p>Apply cold water to the affected area</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary difference between a bee's venom and an ant's venom?

    <p>Ant's venom causes a burning sensation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended course of action if a person is stung by a bee and experiences an allergic reaction?

    <p>Seek emergency medical attention immediately</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary way to avoid being stung by a bee or hornet?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Venomous Arthropods

    • Any arthropod that can cause blistering, necrotic, or hemolytic damage to humans is considered venomous.

    Characteristics of Venomous Arthropods

    • Scorpions, black widow spiders, and certain beetles can cause neurotoxic damage to humans.
    • Some arthropods can cause cytolytic or hemolytic damage to tissues.
    • Fleas, ticks, and lice can prevent blood coagulation, leading to hemorrhaging.

    Importance of Venomous Arthropods

    • Every person reacts differently to venomous bites or stings.
    • Allergic reactions to venom can range from mild to severe.

    Types of Allergic Reactions

    Mild Allergic Reaction

    • Itchy skin, malaise, anxiety, and local swelling at the bite or sting site.

    General Reaction

    • Common symptoms plus two additional symptoms: swelling, shortness of breath, abdominal pain, or vomiting.

    Severe Reaction

    • Any common symptom plus two severe symptoms: difficulty swallowing, hoarseness, or breathlessness.
    • Shock reaction: hypotension, dizziness, fainting, or cyanosis.

    Comparison of Bites and Stings

    • Venom is injected through the mouthparts (teeth) in bites, while stings involve sharp structures that inject venom.
    • The main purpose of venom is to immobilize prey or defend against predators.

    Similarities Between Venomous Arthropods

    • Teeth and stingers are used to inject venom.
    • Venom ducts and glands are present in venomous animals.

    Examples of Venomous Arthropods

    Hymenoptera

    • Honey bees, hornets, and certain wasps can cause pain and inflammation.

    Coleoptera

    • Certain beetles can cause skin inflammation and blistering.

    Scorpioids

    • Scorpions use their pedipalps to inject venom into their victims.

    Arachnida

    • Spiders use their chelicerae to inject venom into their victims.

    Specific Examples

    • Black widow spiders have a neurotoxin that can cause severe pain and breathing difficulties.

    • Australian funnel-web spiders can cause muscle cramps, hypertension, and cardiac arrest.### Insect Bites and Stings

    • Bee and wasp stings can cause allergic reactions, while ants bite and sting, causing local toxic reactions.

    Bee and Wasp Stings

    • Bees, wasps, and hornets can sting, and their venom can cause an allergic reaction that can be life-threatening.
    • If a bee nest is seen, do not disturb it and call an insect control company or council if it's in a public area.

    Identifying Bee Nests

    • Check for the presence of a colony at night by listening for buzzing sounds and feeling for heat.
    • Use powdered insecticide to kill the bee colony.

    Bee Venom

    • Bee venom contains histamine, acetylcholine, hyaluronidase enzyme, and phospholipase.
    • Non-allergic individuals may experience local inflammation and swelling, which usually subsides within a few hours.

    Allergic Reactions to Insect Stings

    • An allergic reaction can occur within minutes of a sting and can lead to anaphylactic shock, which can be life-threatening.
    • Symptoms include whole-body itching, swelling, urticaria, angioedema, fainting, headache, vomiting, stomach cramps, joint pain, and tight chest.

    Emergency Treatment

    • Remove the stinger immediately by scraping it off with a credit card or fingers.
    • Wash the area with soap and water, apply ice or cold water, and seek medical treatment.

    Preventing Insect Stings

    • Avoid areas where bees and wasps are present, wear light-colored clothing, avoid bare feet, and be cautious during fruit season.

    Ant Venom

    • Ant venom can cause burning pain, blistering, and pustules at the site of the sting.
    • Common reactions include burning, acute pain, and blistering, followed by pustules that can leave scarring.

    Allergic Reactions to Ant Bites

    • Urticaria, angioedema, difficulty breathing, and hypotension can occur in allergic individuals.
    • Large areas of induration, edema, and erythema can occur, leading to immobilization of the affected limb.

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    Description

    Learn about the characteristics and examples of venomous arthropods, including blister beetles and their effects on humans.

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