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Questions and Answers

What is the purpose of outcome identification and planning?

Design a plan of care for and with the patient that results in prevention, reduction, or resolution of health problems and attainment of health expectations.

What are the benefits of outcome identification and planning?

They are unique to a person.

Identify three elements of comprehensive planning.

Initial planning, ongoing planning, discharge planning.

What are the priority levels for patient health problems?

<p>High priority, medium priority, low priority.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How are patient goals and nursing orders derived from nursing diagnosis?

<p>For every nursing diagnosis, there should be one outcome written that demonstrates resolution of the problem statement.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is ongoing planning in nursing care?

<p>Any nurse interacting with the patient is responsible for updating the plan of care.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are nurse-initiated interventions?

<p>Actions performed by a nurse without a physician's order.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes physician-initiated interventions?

<p>Actions initiated by a physician in response to a medical diagnosis carried out by a nurse under doctor's orders.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are collaborative interventions?

<p>Treatments initiated by other providers and carried out by a nurse.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Describe five common problems related to planning.

<p>Failure to involve the patient in the planning process, insufficient data collection, use of inaccurate data to develop diagnoses, outcomes stated too broadly, failure to update the care plan.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is NOC (Nursing Outcomes Classification)?

<p>Identify, label, validate, and classify nursing-sensitive patient outcomes and indicators.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does NIC (Nursing Interventions Classification) offer?

<p>A comprehensive, validated list of nursing interventions applicable to all settings.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are long-term goals in patient care?

<p>Outcomes that require a longer time to be achieved and may be used as discharge goals.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What do short-term goals refer to?

<p>Outcomes that may be accomplished in a specified period of time.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What defines cognitive outcomes?

<p>Increases in patient knowledge or intellectual behaviors.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are psychomotor outcomes?

<p>The patient's achievement of new skills.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are affective outcomes?

<p>Changes in patient values, beliefs, and attitudes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should be done if a patient does not cooperate with the care plan?

<p>Reassess the strategy and identify barriers to compliance.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the risks and responsibilities of delegating nursing interventions?

<p>Dangers of fewer nurses caring for sicker patients while supervising UAPs.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Describe why reassessment after nursing intervention is important.

<p>It allows the nurse to modify interventions based on the patient's progress.</p> Signup and view all the answers

List examples of how nursing interventions and nursing outcomes classifications can be used to implement care.

<p>Reassess the patient, ensure research supports interventions, monitor patient responses, and follow Alfaro's rule.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are some variables that influence the implementation of a care plan?

<p>Patient variables, nurse variables, resources, current standards of care, research findings, ethical and legal guides.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Purpose of Outcome Identification and Planning

  • Design a patient-centered care plan to prevent, reduce, or resolve health problems and meet patient health expectations.
  • Achieving this plan relies on clearly defined patient outcomes.

Benefits of Outcome Identification and Planning

  • Tailored specifically to individual patient needs.

Elements of Comprehensive Planning

  • Initial: Conducted upon patient admission with a physical assessment.
  • Ongoing: Continuously updated through interaction with the patient.
  • Discharge: Most effectively performed by the nurse who has provided direct care.

Prioritizing Patient Health Problems

  • High priority: Problems posing the greatest threat to patient well-being.
  • Medium priority: Non-threatening diagnoses.
  • Low priority: Diagnoses not directly related to the current health issue.
  • Utilize Maslow's hierarchy for effective prioritization.

Goals and Nursing Orders from Nursing Diagnosis

  • Each nursing diagnosis should correspond with at least one outcome reflecting resolution of the identified problem.

Developing Nursing Care Plans

  • Outcomes can be long-term (over one week) or short-term (accomplished in a specified timeframe).

Evaluating Planning Skills

  • Use measurable criteria in patient goals to assess the specified behaviors.

Clinical Reasoning and Prioritization

  • Determine which problems need immediate attention versus those that can wait.
  • Identify responsibilities: direct nursing tasks or referrals needed.
  • Recognize which issues can be addressed using standard care plans and which require individualized attention.

Types of Nursing Interventions

  • Nurse-initiated interventions: Actions performed by a nurse without physician orders.
  • Physician-initiated interventions: Actions initiated by a physician, executed by nurses under orders.
  • Collaborative interventions: Treatments initiated by other healthcare providers carried out by nurses.

Common Planning Problems and Remedies

  • Involvement: Ensure active patient participation in the planning process.
  • Data Collection: Gather sufficient and accurate data to formulate precise nursing diagnoses.
  • Update the Care Plan: Consistently revise the plan as necessary.

Nursing Outcomes Classification (NOC)

  • Classifies nursing-sensitive patient outcomes and indicators for effective evaluation in clinical settings.

Nursing Interventions Classification (NIC)

  • Provides a comprehensive, validated list of nursing interventions applicable across multiple specialties.

Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs

  • Framework for prioritizing patient needs based on levels of importance.

Ongoing Planning Responsibilities

  • All nurses interacting with the patient are accountable for keeping the care plan updated and relevant.

Discharge Planning

  • Begins at admission, executed by the nurse closely engaged with the patient.

Long-term vs Short-term Goals

  • Long-term goals require prolonged time to achieve, often linked to discharge.
  • Short-term goals can be completed in a designated timeframe.

Cognitive, Psychomotor, and Affective Outcomes

  • Cognitive: Increases in patient knowledge.
  • Psychomotor: Development of new skills by the patient.
  • Affective: Changes in patient beliefs, values, and attitudes.

Implementing Care

  • Reassess patient status regularly to adapt interventions as needed.
  • Monitor responses to interventions for timely adjustments to the care plan.

Variables Influencing Care Plan Implementation

  • Patient-related factors, nurse competencies, available resources, standards of care, research findings, and ethical/legal standards.

Importance of Ongoing Data Collection

  • Continuous monitoring of patient responses informs necessary updates to the care plan.

Reassessment After Interventions

  • Critical for determining the effectiveness of interventions and patient progress towards goals.

Patient Noncompliance

  • Reassess strategies if patients are uncooperative, identify reasons for noncompliance or reevaluate the care plan.

Delegating Nursing Interventions

  • Risks associated with fewer nurses caring for sicker patients while managing unlicensed assistive personnel performing previously professional tasks.

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