Vehicle Safety and Inspection Quiz

Questions and Answers

What are the slack adjusters?

Help the brakes stop the vehicle.

How can you check slack adjusters?

Release the parking brake and pull hard on each adjuster; if one moves more than an inch, it probably needs adjusted.

How can you test the low pressure warning signal?

Turn the electrical power on and step on and off the brake pedal to reduce air tank pressure; the low air pressure warning signal must come on before the pressure drops to less than 60 psi.

How can you check that the spring brakes come on automatically?

Step on and off the brake pedal to reduce pressure; the tractor protection valve and parking brake valve should pop out, causing the spring brakes to come on. Signup and view all the answers

What are the maximum leakage rates?

The loss rate should be less than 2 psi in one minute for single vehicles and less than 3 psi in one minute for combination vehicles. Signup and view all the answers

What factors can cause brakes to fade or fail?

Excessive heat caused by using them too much and not relying on the engine braking effect. Signup and view all the answers

The use of brakes on a long, steep downgrade is only a supplement to the braking effect of the engine.

True Signup and view all the answers

If you are away from your vehicle only a short time, you do not need to use the parking brake.

False Signup and view all the answers

How often should you drain the air tanks?

After each work day. Signup and view all the answers

How do you brake when you drive a tractor-trailer combination with ABS?

Not provided Signup and view all the answers

You still have normal brake functions if your ABS is not working.

True Signup and view all the answers

What two things are important to prevent rollover?

Keep the cargo as close to the ground as possible and drive slowly around turns. Signup and view all the answers

When you turn suddenly while pulling doubles, which trailer is most likely to turn over?

Rear trailer. Signup and view all the answers

Why should you not use the trailer hand brake to straighten out a jackknifing trailer?

Because the hand brake controls the brakes which caused the skid in the first place. Signup and view all the answers

What is offtracking?

When a vehicle goes around a corner, the rear wheels follow a different path than the front wheels. Signup and view all the answers

When you back a trailer, you should position your vehicle so you can back in a curved path to the driver's side.

True Signup and view all the answers

What is the most important reason for doing a vehicle inspection?

Safety for yourself and the other drivers on the road. Signup and view all the answers

What things should you check during a trip?

Check gauges, tires, wheels, rims, brakes, lights, reflectors, brake connections, trailer coupling devices, cargo securement. Signup and view all the answers

Name some key steering system parts.

Steering wheel, tire rod, steering shaft, power steering cylinder, steering arm, spindle, steering knuckle, drag link, pitman arm, gear box, hydraulic fluid reservoir. Signup and view all the answers

Name some suspension system defects.

Cracked/broken spring hangers, missing/broken leaves in leaf spring, broken leaves in multi-leaf spring, leaking shock absorbers, cracked or damaged axle positioning parts. Signup and view all the answers

What three kinds of emergency equipment must you have?

Fire extinguisher(s), spare electrical fuses, warning devices for parked vehicles. Signup and view all the answers

What is the minimum tread depth for front tires?

4/32-inch for front tires; 2/32-inch for other tires. Signup and view all the answers

Name some things you should check on the front of your vehicle during the walk around inspection.

Condition of front axle, steering system, windshield, lights, reflectors, wiper arms, and blades. Signup and view all the answers

How many red reflective triangles should you carry?

3 Signup and view all the answers

How do you test hydraulic brakes for leaks?

Pump brake pedal three times, then apply firm pressure and hold for 5 seconds. Pedal should not move. Signup and view all the answers

Why put the starter switch key in your pocket during inspection?

To prevent someone from moving the truck when you are in it. Signup and view all the answers

Why should you back toward the driver's side?

So you can see better. Signup and view all the answers

If stopped on a hill, how can you start moving without rolling back?

Partly engage the clutch before releasing the brake. Signup and view all the answers

When backing, why is it important to use a helper?

To help with the vehicle's blind spots. Signup and view all the answers

What's the most important hand signal that you and the helper should agree on?

Stop. Signup and view all the answers

What are the two special conditions where you should downshift?

Before starting down a hill and before entering a curve. Signup and view all the answers

When should you downshift automatic transmissions?

When going down grades. Signup and view all the answers

Retarders keep you from skidding when the road is slippery.

False Signup and view all the answers

What are the two ways to know when to shift?

Use engine speed (rpm) and road speed (mph). Signup and view all the answers

How far ahead does the manual say you should look?

At least 12-15 seconds ahead. Signup and view all the answers

What are two main things to look for ahead?

Traffic and road conditions. Signup and view all the answers

What's your most important way to see the sides and rear of your vehicle?

Mirrors. Signup and view all the answers

What does 'communicating' mean in safe driving?

Using the horn, flashing lights, and turn signals. Signup and view all the answers

Where should your reflectors be placed when stopped on a divided highway?

10 feet, 100 feet, and 200 feet toward the approaching traffic. Signup and view all the answers

What three things add up to total stopping distance?

Perception distance + reaction distance + braking distance. Signup and view all the answers

If you go twice as fast, will your stopping distance increase by two or four times?

Empty trucks have the best braking.

False Signup and view all the answers

What is hydroplaning?

When water or slush on the road causes tires to lose traction. Signup and view all the answers

What is black ice?

A thin layer of ice that is clear enough to see the road underneath it. Signup and view all the answers

How do you find out how many seconds of following distance space you have?

At least 1 second for every 10 feet of vehicle length, plus 1 second for speeds above 40 MPH. Signup and view all the answers

If you are driving a 30-foot vehicle at 55 mph, how many seconds of following distance should you allow?

4 seconds. Signup and view all the answers

You should decrease your following distance if somebody is following you too closely.

False Signup and view all the answers

If you swing wide to the left before turning right, another driver may try to pass you on the right.

True Signup and view all the answers

What is a hazard?

Any road condition or other road user that is a possible danger. Signup and view all the answers

Why make emergency plans when you see a hazard?

To be a prepared, defensive driver who will improve safety. Signup and view all the answers

What are some tips to follow so you won't become a distracted driver?

Review safety features, pre-program radio, clear unnecessary objects, plan your route, adjust mirrors, avoid reading or complex conversations. Signup and view all the answers

How do you use in-vehicle communications equipment cautiously?

Pull off the road to make calls, keep phone easily reachable, keep conversations short, avoid using equipment in heavy traffic. Signup and view all the answers

How do you recognize a distracted driver?

Drifting, inconsistent speeds, preoccupied with objects, engaged in conversations. Signup and view all the answers

What should you do when confronted with an aggressive driver?

Get out of their way, avoid confrontation, report aggressive behavior, pull over if involved in a crash. Signup and view all the answers

What are some things that you can do to reduce your stress before and while you drive?

Listen to easy music, accept delays, avoid gestures, be courteous. Signup and view all the answers

You should use low beams whenever you can.

False Signup and view all the answers

What should you do before you drive if you are drowsy?

Get some sleep. Signup and view all the answers

What effects can wet brakes cause? How can you avoid these problems?

Lack of braking power, wheel lockups, pulling to one side; avoid driving through deep puddles, slow down, gently brake, maintain light pressure after crossing water. Signup and view all the answers

You should let out air of hot tires so the pressure goes back to normal.

False Signup and view all the answers

You can safely remove the radiator cap as long as the engine isn't overheated.

False Signup and view all the answers

What factors determine your selection of a safe speed when going down a long, steep downgrade?

Total weight of the vehicle and cargo, length of grade, steepness, road conditions, weather. Signup and view all the answers

Why should you be in the proper gear before starting down a hill?

To prevent damaging the transmission and to maintain engine braking effect. Signup and view all the answers

Describe the proper braking technique when going down a long, steep downgrade.

Apply brakes to feel a definite slowdown; release the brake when speed is reduced, and repeat as necessary. Signup and view all the answers

What type of vehicles can get stuck on a railroad highway crossing?

Low slung units, single-axle tractor pulling a long trailer with landing gear set for a tandem-axle tractor. Signup and view all the answers

How long does it take for a typical tractor-trailer to clear a double track?

More than 15 seconds. Signup and view all the answers

Stopping is not always the safest thing to do in an emergency.

True Signup and view all the answers

What are some advantages of going right instead of left around an obstacle?

Steering direction depends on situation; using mirrors can help find empty lanes and avoid head-on collisions. Signup and view all the answers

What is an escape ramp?

Soft gravel that resists the motion of the vehicle and brings it to a stop. Signup and view all the answers

If a tire blows out, you should put the brakes on hard to stop quickly.

False Signup and view all the answers

How do you know if your vehicle has anti-lock brakes?

ABS malfunction lights on the instrument panel. Signup and view all the answers

What is the proper braking technique when driving a vehicle with antilock brakes?

Brake as you normally would, using only the braking force necessary to stop safely. Signup and view all the answers

How do antilock brakes help you?

They help avoid wheel lock-up and maintain control. Signup and view all the answers

What are some things to do at an accident scene to prevent another accident?

Protect the area, notify authorities, care for the injured. Signup and view all the answers

Name two causes of tire fires.

Underinflated tires and duals that touch. Signup and view all the answers

What kinds of fires is a B:C extinguisher not good for?

Fires in combustible metals. Signup and view all the answers

When using your extinguisher, should you get as close as possible to the fire?

False Signup and view all the answers

Name some causes of vehicle fires.

Accidents, spilled fuel, improper use of flares, electrical systems, flammable cargo. Signup and view all the answers

Common medicines for colds can make you sleepy.

True Signup and view all the answers

What should you do if you become sleepy while driving?

Stop to sleep, take a nap, avoid drugs, don’t rely on caffeine. Signup and view all the answers

Coffee and a little fresh air will help a drinker sober up.

False Signup and view all the answers

What is a hazardous materials placard?

Signs that identify the hazard class of the cargo. Signup and view all the answers

Why are placards used?

To warn others of hazardous materials. Signup and view all the answers

What is sleep debt?

When you don't get enough sleep, creating an 'owe' of rest. Signup and view all the answers

What are the danger signals of drowsy driving?

Closing eyes, trouble keeping head up, disconnected thoughts, drifting between lanes. Signup and view all the answers

What four things related to cargo are drivers responsible for?

Inspecting cargo, recognizing overloads, securing cargo, ensuring access to emergency equipment. Signup and view all the answers

How often must you stop while on the road to check your cargo?

After starting within 50 miles, after 3 hours or 150 miles, after every break. Signup and view all the answers

How is gross combination weight rating different from gross combination rate?

Gross combination weight rating is the maximum specified by the manufacturer. Signup and view all the answers

Name two situations where legal maximum weights may not be safe.

During bad weather or in mountains. Signup and view all the answers

What can happen if you don't have enough weight on the front axle?

Under-loaded front axles can lead to poor steering control. Signup and view all the answers

What is the minimum number of tie-downs for a 20-foot load?

At least one tie-down for each ten feet. Signup and view all the answers

What is the minimum number of tie-downs for any flat bed?

At least two tie-downs, regardless of cargo size. Signup and view all the answers

Name the two basic reasons for covering cargo on an open bed.

To protect people from spilled cargo and to protect the cargo from weather. Signup and view all the answers

What must you check before transporting a sealed load?

Check that you don't exceed gross weight and axle weight limits. Signup and view all the answers

Why must air tanks be drained?

To prevent brake failure. Signup and view all the answers

What is a supply pressure gauge used for?

To tell how much pressure is in the air tanks. Signup and view all the answers

All vehicles with air brakes must have a low air pressure warning signal.

True Signup and view all the answers

What are spring brakes?

They help parking brakes and emergency brakes stop. Signup and view all the answers

Front wheel brakes are good under all conditions.

True Signup and view all the answers

How do you know if your vehicle is equipped with antilock brakes?

Check the certification label for the date of manufacture. Signup and view all the answers

What is a dual air brake system?

A system that uses two separate air brake systems for redundancy. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Vehicle Inspection and Safety

Vehicle inspections are crucial for the safety of the driver and other road users.
During a trip, check gauges, tires, brakes, lights, trailer connections, cargo securement, and coupling devices.
Key steering system components include the steering wheel, tie rod, steering shaft, power steering cylinder, and gear box.

Suspension and Emergency Equipment

Common suspension system defects include cracked spring hangers, broken springs, and leaking shock absorbers.
Carry essential emergency equipment: fire extinguisher(s), spare electrical fuses, and warning devices for parked vehicles.

Tire Regulations

Minimum tread depth: 4/32-inch for front tires, 2/32-inch for other tires.
Examine the front of the vehicle for axle condition, steering system integrity, windshield cleanliness, and lights functionality.

Hazard Awareness and Road Management

Carry three red reflective triangles for roadside emergencies.
Test hydraulic brakes for leaks by pumping the pedal and holding pressure to ensure it does not move.

Driving Techniques and Challenges

Keep the starter switch key with you during inspections to prevent unauthorized movement of the vehicle.
When backing up, always try to see from the driver’s side to have a better view.
Use a helper to navigate blind spots while reversing.

Shift and Speed Management

Downshift before going down hills and entering curves; automatic transmissions should downshift on downhill grades.
Engine speed (rpm) and road speed (mph) are indicators for shifting gears.
Look 12-15 seconds ahead while driving; assess traffic and road conditions.

Communication and Reflectors

"Communicating" while driving involves signaling intentions through lights and horn.
When stopped on a divided highway, place reflectors at designated distances to warn oncoming traffic.

Stopping Distance and Emergency Situations

Total stopping distance consists of perception, reaction, and braking distances; speed significantly affects stopping distance.
Empty trucks require longer stopping distances due to reduced traction; hydroplaning can occur on wet surfaces.

Driving in Various Conditions

Black ice forms a thin, clear ice layer on road surfaces, posing a hazard.
Maintain at least 1 second of following distance for every 10 feet of vehicle length; adjust accordingly for speed.

Driver Awareness and Distraction

Look out for aggressive drivers; avoid confrontation and report their behaviors to authorities if necessary.
Avoid distractions while driving by pre-setting radios, adjusting mirrors, and not using electronics while on the road.

Vehicle Maintenance and Safety Checks

Inspect tires, brakes, and undercarriage regularly to prevent overheating or brake failure from wet conditions.
Ensure cargo is secure and correctly balanced; conduct cargo inspections after certain distances and breaks.

Brake Systems and Operation

Dual air brake systems consist of separate systems for front and rear axles; antilock brakes help maintain traction.
Regularly inspect slack adjusters and ensure low air pressure warnings are functional.

Emergency Responses

Successful navigation of obstacles sometimes requires steering right instead of left to avoid potential collisions.
Escape ramps provide a safe stop for vehicles facing loss of control on declines; recognize your vehicle's unique stopping needs.

Fire Prevention and Drowsy Driving

Be mindful of potential causes of vehicle fires, such as electrical system failures and improper fueling.
Sleep-deprived drivers should take preventive measures by getting proper rest before driving and being aware of signs of drowsiness.

Hazardous Materials and Placarding

Compliance with hazardous material regulations includes displaying proper placards on vehicle exteriors.
Hazardous materials require labeling to alert other road users of potential dangers posed by the cargo.

General Safe Driving Practices

Maintain control by using brakes efficiently and understanding that brake fade can occur under excessive use.
Always use the parking brake when away from a vehicle, regardless of the duration of the absence.### Rollover Prevention
To prevent rollover, keep cargo close to the ground and drive slowly around turns.

Turning with Doubles

When turning suddenly while pulling doubles, the rear trailer is most susceptible to tipping over.

Jackknifing Recovery

Using the trailer hand brake to correct a jackknifing trailer is ineffective because it controls the brakes that initiated the skid.

Offtracking Explained

Offtracking occurs when a vehicle turns; the rear wheels follow a different path than the front wheels, potentially leading to misalignment.

Trailer Backing Technique

It is true that when backing a trailer, positioning the vehicle to back in a curved path towards the driver's side is recommended for better control.

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Description

Test your knowledge on vehicle inspection and safety practices. This quiz covers essential topics such as inspection checks, suspension systems, tire regulations, and emergency equipment. Ensure you understand the critical components for safe driving.