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Questions and Answers
Ashwamedha yagam platform was unearthed at ______.
Ashwamedha yagam platform was unearthed at ______.
Nagarjunakonda
Vashishthaputra Srisanthamula obtained the title of ______ through the Vajapeya yagam.
Vashishthaputra Srisanthamula obtained the title of ______ through the Vajapeya yagam.
Samrat
Santisiri was described as ______ and Malatalavari in inscriptions.
Santisiri was described as ______ and Malatalavari in inscriptions.
Mahadanapatni
Vashishthaputra Srisanthamula married his daughter Adavi Santisri to ______ of the Dhanika family.
Vashishthaputra Srisanthamula married his daughter Adavi Santisri to ______ of the Dhanika family.
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Vashishthaputra Srisanthamula's son Veerapurushadatta was married to ______ of Ujjain.
Vashishthaputra Srisanthamula's son Veerapurushadatta was married to ______ of Ujjain.
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Vashishthaputra Srisanthamula was titled as ______ for donating ploughs.
Vashishthaputra Srisanthamula was titled as ______ for donating ploughs.
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According to the inscriptions, Vashishthaputra Srisanthamula donated ______ of gold coins.
According to the inscriptions, Vashishthaputra Srisanthamula donated ______ of gold coins.
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Vashishthaputra Srisanthamula established matrimonial relations with other royal dynasties such as ______ and Danika.
Vashishthaputra Srisanthamula established matrimonial relations with other royal dynasties such as ______ and Danika.
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Veerapurushadatta's reign can be called the '______ age of Mahayana Buddhism'.
Veerapurushadatta's reign can be called the '______ age of Mahayana Buddhism'.
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Veerapurushadatta was hailed as the ______ of South India.
Veerapurushadatta was hailed as the ______ of South India.
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Nagarjunakonda became popular as '______ Gaya' during Veerapurushadatta's period.
Nagarjunakonda became popular as '______ Gaya' during Veerapurushadatta's period.
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Veerapurushadatta was the son of ______ Santamula.
Veerapurushadatta was the son of ______ Santamula.
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Rudrabhattarika was a princess of ______ and donated a Ayaka pillar for the construction of Mahachaitya.
Rudrabhattarika was a princess of ______ and donated a Ayaka pillar for the construction of Mahachaitya.
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Veerapurushadatta initially followed ______ and converted to Buddhism under the influence of his aunt.
Veerapurushadatta initially followed ______ and converted to Buddhism under the influence of his aunt.
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Veerapurushadatta's queen was ______ mahadevi.
Veerapurushadatta's queen was ______ mahadevi.
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The Pushpabhadra Swamy Temple is built in the shape of ______?
The Pushpabhadra Swamy Temple is built in the shape of ______?
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Nagarjunakonda is also known as ______ Gaya.
Nagarjunakonda is also known as ______ Gaya.
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Sivasena, the general of Abhira king ______, invaded the kingdom of Ikshvakus during the time of Ehuvala Shantamula.
Sivasena, the general of Abhira king ______, invaded the kingdom of Ikshvakus during the time of Ehuvala Shantamula.
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The Ashtabhuja Narayana Swamy Temple is the first ______ temple built in Andhra.
The Ashtabhuja Narayana Swamy Temple is the first ______ temple built in Andhra.
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Elishri, Senani of Ehuvala Shantamula built a ______ temple named 'Sarvadeva'.
Elishri, Senani of Ehuvala Shantamula built a ______ temple named 'Sarvadeva'.
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During the time of Ikshvakas, there was also worship of mother ______ goddess.
During the time of Ikshvakas, there was also worship of mother ______ goddess.
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Only one of the Ikshvaku kings, ______, followed Buddhism.
Only one of the Ikshvaku kings, ______, followed Buddhism.
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The period of ______ could be regarded as the brightest one for Buddhism.
The period of ______ could be regarded as the brightest one for Buddhism.
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Sati appears for the first time in ______ sculptures.
Sati appears for the first time in ______ sculptures.
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By the time of C.E 2nd century, Nagarjunakonda became a famous ______ arama in India itself.
By the time of C.E 2nd century, Nagarjunakonda became a famous ______ arama in India itself.
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______ branch of Buddhism supported the carving of Buddha in human form.
______ branch of Buddhism supported the carving of Buddha in human form.
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The ______ sculpture is the most important sculpture of the Ikshvaku period found in Jaggayyapeta.
The ______ sculpture is the most important sculpture of the Ikshvaku period found in Jaggayyapeta.
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The tradition of ______ the statues of martyrs started from the Ikshvakus period.
The tradition of ______ the statues of martyrs started from the Ikshvakus period.
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The sculpture related to ______ ritual was found in Nagarjunakonda.
The sculpture related to ______ ritual was found in Nagarjunakonda.
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The name of sculptor ______ is seen on Vihara at Nagarjunakonda.
The name of sculptor ______ is seen on Vihara at Nagarjunakonda.
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The practice of writing ______, year, and tidhi on inscriptions also started during this period.
The practice of writing ______, year, and tidhi on inscriptions also started during this period.
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Stupas were built over the remains of body parts of ______ or leading Buddhist monks.
Stupas were built over the remains of body parts of ______ or leading Buddhist monks.
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In the post-Satavahana society, along with four ______, several mixed castes and sub-castes have emerged.
In the post-Satavahana society, along with four ______, several mixed castes and sub-castes have emerged.
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Every person, with birth itself, used to adopt the occupation of his ancestors and receive the social status that is attached to ______.
Every person, with birth itself, used to adopt the occupation of his ancestors and receive the social status that is attached to ______.
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Kings considered it as the duty to see that ______ do not become impure.
Kings considered it as the duty to see that ______ do not become impure.
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Ikshvakus made contract marriage alliances with local families such as Pugiyas, Dhanikas and ______.
Ikshvakus made contract marriage alliances with local families such as Pugiyas, Dhanikas and ______.
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The performance of Vedic ______ by the Ikshvaku kings, employing Brahmins in higher posts and the construction of temples, have contributed for the improvement of the economic condition of the Brahmins.
The performance of Vedic ______ by the Ikshvaku kings, employing Brahmins in higher posts and the construction of temples, have contributed for the improvement of the economic condition of the Brahmins.
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Kings used to give ______ to Brahmins.
Kings used to give ______ to Brahmins.
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Brahmins got formed into three ______. They were Vedic scholars, temple priests and employees of the king.
Brahmins got formed into three ______. They were Vedic scholars, temple priests and employees of the king.
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Agriculturalists used to be called as ______.
Agriculturalists used to be called as ______.
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Study Notes
Vedic Rites and Titles
- Santamula performed Agnihotadhri and Agnistoma, signifying his aspiration to become a dwija (higher social status)
- Agnistoma is a simple Soma Yagam, typically performed by Kshatriyas to attain the position of "Samrat"
- Ashwamedha yagam was performed by kings to announce their victories
- Vashishthaputra Srisanthamula obtained titles through these Yagas, including Samrat, Swarat, and Virat
Inscriptions and Titles
- Satasahasra Satasahasra Haladata was a title given to Santamula for donating ploughs
- He was also titled Maharaja, Maha Daanadhipati, and Mahadanapatni
- Inscriptions found at Nagarjunakonda describe Santamula as Mahadandanayaka and Mahatalavari
Marriage Alliances and Expanding Kingdom
- Santamula established matrimonial relations with other royal dynasties, such as Pugiya and Danika, to expand his kingdom
- He married his sister, Shantasri, to Mahaskandhasri, who belonged to the Pugiya dynasty
- His daughter, Adavi Santisri, was married to Skanda Visakhanaga, who belonged to the Dhanika family
Nagarjunakonda Inscriptions
- The Nagarjunakonda inscription states that Santamula's son, Virapurushadatta, was married to Rudrabhattarika, a Saka Kshatrapa princess of Ujjain
- This marriage stabilized the Ikshvaku kingdom
Veerapurushadatta
- Veerapurushadatta was the son of Sri Santamula and the greatest of all Ikshvaku kings
- He was hailed as the Ashoka of South India and Sriparvatadhipati
- Inscriptions found at Amaravati, Jaggayapeta, Uppugundur, and Nagarjunakonda provide details about his reign
- He was initially a Vedic devotee but converted to Buddhism under the influence of his aunt, Santasri
- His reign is referred to as the "golden age of Mahayana Buddhism"
- During his period, Nagarjunakonda became popular as "Southern Gaya"
Buddhism
- Veerapurushadatta was the only Ikshvaku king to convert to Buddhism
- The period of Virapurushadatta was the brightest one for Buddhism
- Ikshvaku queens patronized Buddhism and made donations
- Not only royal ladies but also common women made donations to Buddhist Viharas and issued inscriptions
- By the 2nd century CE, Nagarjunakonda became a famous Buddhist arama in India
- Nagarjunakonda inscriptions refer to several Buddhist sects, including Pubbasailulu, Aparasaileeyulu, and Bahusruteeyulu
Hindu Temples
- Pushpabhadra Swamy Temple was built in the shape of Gajaprishta during the Ikshvaku period
- Ashtabhuja Narayana Swamy Temple was built during the period of Ehuvala Shantamula
- Sivasena, the general of Abhira king Vasusena, built a Vaishnava temple named Ashtabhuja Swamy on Nagarjunakonda
- Karthikeya temple was built by Elishri, Senani of Ehuvala Shantamula
- Harathi Temple was built on Nagarjunakonda, and women used to offer bangles at Saptamatrikas in the temple for progeny
Social Conditions
- In the post-Satavahana society, four varnas and several mixed castes and sub-castes emerged
- Every person was born into an occupation and received a social status attached to it
- In the later period, castes based on occupations emerged
- Kings considered it their duty to maintain the purity of varnas, but varnas still lost their purity
- Persons sometimes adopted occupations different from their caste or varna occupations, leading to "varna contamination"
- Brahmins improved their social status, and kings used to give land to them, exempting them from 18 types of taxes
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Description
Explore the significance of Vedic rites like Agnihotadhri, Agnistoma, and Ashwamedha in attaining royal titles and social status in ancient India.
