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Questions and Answers
What is the primary function of phytoplankton in aquatic ecosystems?
What is the primary function of phytoplankton in aquatic ecosystems?
How are algae classified?
How are algae classified?
What is the majority of species in the phyla Chlorophyta, Rhodophyta, and Phaeophyta?
What is the majority of species in the phyla Chlorophyta, Rhodophyta, and Phaeophyta?
What is the primary pigment in green algae?
What is the primary pigment in green algae?
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Where do most species of green algae live?
Where do most species of green algae live?
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What is the characteristic of Volvox?
What is the characteristic of Volvox?
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How do green algae reproduce?
How do green algae reproduce?
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What is the characteristic of Spirogyra?
What is the characteristic of Spirogyra?
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What is the process by which Spirogyra reproduces asexually?
What is the process by which Spirogyra reproduces asexually?
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Where do almost all species of brown algae live?
Where do almost all species of brown algae live?
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What pigment is responsible for the brown color of brown algae?
What pigment is responsible for the brown color of brown algae?
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What is the function of air bladders in brown algae?
What is the function of air bladders in brown algae?
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What is the name of the largest and most complex of brown algae?
What is the name of the largest and most complex of brown algae?
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What is the special feature of red algae that allows them to live in deep water?
What is the special feature of red algae that allows them to live in deep water?
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What is the primary way Giardia lamblia is transmitted to humans?
What is the primary way Giardia lamblia is transmitted to humans?
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Which of the following protists is responsible for causing malaria?
Which of the following protists is responsible for causing malaria?
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What is the common name for an organism that can transmit a disease?
What is the common name for an organism that can transmit a disease?
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Which protist is transmitted by the bite of a tsetse fly?
Which protist is transmitted by the bite of a tsetse fly?
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What is the name of the disease caused by Giardia lamblia?
What is the name of the disease caused by Giardia lamblia?
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What is the name of the phylum that includes animal-like protists?
What is the name of the phylum that includes animal-like protists?
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Which of the following is a characteristic of algae?
Which of the following is a characteristic of algae?
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Which of the following diseases is primarily caused by a parasite that affects the digestive system?
Which of the following diseases is primarily caused by a parasite that affects the digestive system?
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What is the primary characteristic of dinoflagellates that makes them spin?
What is the primary characteristic of dinoflagellates that makes them spin?
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Which type of protist is characterized by its ability to change from photosynthetic to heterotrophic?
Which type of protist is characterized by its ability to change from photosynthetic to heterotrophic?
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What is the primary component of the cell walls of dinoflagellates?
What is the primary component of the cell walls of dinoflagellates?
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Which type of protist is responsible for red tides?
Which type of protist is responsible for red tides?
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What is the name of the toxin-producing dinoflagellate that has caused fish kills in the coastal waters from Delaware to North Carolina?
What is the name of the toxin-producing dinoflagellate that has caused fish kills in the coastal waters from Delaware to North Carolina?
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Which type of protist is characterized by its ability to live in symbiosis with jellyfishes, mollusks, and corals?
Which type of protist is characterized by its ability to live in symbiosis with jellyfishes, mollusks, and corals?
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What is the primary pigment responsible for the golden-yellow color of diatoms?
What is the primary pigment responsible for the golden-yellow color of diatoms?
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Which type of protist is characterized by its ability to produce an extremely strong nerve toxin?
Which type of protist is characterized by its ability to produce an extremely strong nerve toxin?
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Where do slime molds typically grow?
Where do slime molds typically grow?
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What is the primary way slime molds reproduce?
What is the primary way slime molds reproduce?
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What is the characteristic of a plasmodium?
What is the characteristic of a plasmodium?
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What is the feeding stage of a plasmodial slime mold?
What is the feeding stage of a plasmodial slime mold?
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What is the name of the downy mildew that caused the Potato Famine of 1845-1849?
What is the name of the downy mildew that caused the Potato Famine of 1845-1849?
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How do plasmodial slime molds move?
How do plasmodial slime molds move?
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What is the typical appearance of water molds?
What is the typical appearance of water molds?
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What is the primary source of nutrients for slime molds?
What is the primary source of nutrients for slime molds?
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Study Notes
Protists and Human Disease
- African Trypanosomiasis (African Sleeping Sickness) is caused by Trypanosoma and transmitted by the tsetse fly, causing disfiguring skin sores, fever, lethargy, mental deterioration, and coma, and is only found in Africa.
- Giardiasis is caused by Giardia lamblia and is transmitted by infected animals into water, causing severe diarrhea and intestinal cramps.
- Malaria is caused by Plasmodium and is transmitted by the female Anopheles mosquito, and can be treated with quinine.
Protist Classification
- Phylum Sporozoa includes sporozoans, which are parasites, and includes the genus Plasmodium, which causes malaria and toxoplasmosis.
- Trypanosoma is transmitted by the tsetse fly.
Algae
- Algae are photosynthesizing protists that contain chlorophyll and other pigments, and are classified into six phyla.
- Phytoplankton are photosynthesizing unicellular protists that produce much of the oxygen used on Earth.
- Green algae (Chlorophyta) are diverse, with over 7000 species, and live in freshwater, oceans, soil, and on trees.
- Brown algae (Phaeophyta) are mostly marine, multicellular, and include kelp.
- Red algae (Rhodophyta) are mostly multicellular, marine seaweeds that use holdfasts to attach to rocks.
Dinoflagellates
- Dinoflagellates are unicellular, have cellulose plates in their cell walls, and are bioluminescent.
- They live in freshwater and saltwater, and are a major component of phytoplankton.
- Some species are toxic and can cause red tides.
Slime Molds
- Slime molds are animal-like during much of their life cycle, moving about and engulfing food.
- They make spores to reproduce, like fungi, but are more like amoebas.
- Plasmodial slime molds form a plasmodium, a mass of cytoplasm with many diploid nuclei, which creeps over surfaces, engulfing organisms and digesting them.
Water Molds and Downy Mildews
- Water molds are fungus-like protists that live in water or moist places, feeding on dead organisms or parasitizing plants.
- Downy mildews are water molds that can cause significant damage to crops, such as the potato blight caused by Phytophthora infestans.
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Description
Learn about diseases transmitted by vectors like tsetse flies and kissing bugs, including African Sleeping Sickness and Giardiasis, and their symptoms.
