VCB#1.4 Atomic Structure II Flashcards

Questions and Answers

What is the atomic number?

The atomic number is equal to the number of protons in an atom of an element.

What is the atomic mass?

The atomic mass is equal to the number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus.

What is an isotope?

An isotope is an atom of an element with the same number of protons but a different number of neutrons.

What is an ion?

An ion is an atom of an element with a positive or negative charge. Signup and view all the answers

What is a cation?

Cations are positively charged atoms that have fewer electrons than their neutral, parent atom. Signup and view all the answers

What is an anion?

Anions are negatively charged atoms that have one or more electrons than their neutral, parent atom. Signup and view all the answers

What is the average atomic mass?

The average atomic mass is the weighted average of the masses of all naturally occurring isotopes of an element. Signup and view all the answers

What is an atomic mass unit (amu)?

One amu is equivalent to one twelfth the mass of a carbon-12 atom. Signup and view all the answers

What are subatomic particles?

Subatomic particles are protons, neutrons, and electrons that compose the atomic structure of each element. Signup and view all the answers

What are quarks?

Quarks are particles of matter that make up protons and neutrons. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Atomic Structure Key Concepts

Atomic Number
- Represents the number of protons in an atom
- Identifies elements on the periodic table
- Equals the number of electrons in a neutral atom
Atomic Mass
- Sum of protons and neutrons in the nucleus
- Protons and neutrons each have a mass of 1 atomic mass unit (amu)

Isotopes and Ions

Isotope
- Atoms of the same element with the same number of protons but differing neutrons
- Various isotopes have different atomic masses
Ion
- An atom that has gained or lost electrons, resulting in a positive or negative charge
Cation
- Positively charged ion
- Contains fewer electrons than its neutral form
Anion
- Negatively charged ion
- Contains more electrons than its neutral form

Atomic Mass and Measurement

Average Atomic Mass
- Weighted average considering all naturally occurring isotopes of an element
Atomic Mass Unit (amu)
- Standard unit for measuring atomic mass
- Defined as one twelfth the mass of a carbon-12 atom
- Each proton and neutron has a mass of 1 amu

Subatomic Particles

Subatomic Particles
- Includes protons, neutrons, and electrons
- Fundamental building blocks of atomic structure and isotopes
Quarks
- Fundamental particles that compose protons and neutrons
- Primarily consists of up and down quarks, which are indivisible elements of matter

Description

Test your knowledge on atomic structure with these flashcards! This quiz covers essential concepts such as atomic number and atomic mass, crucial for understanding elements in chemistry. Perfect for students seeking to reinforce their learning.