Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is mobility?
What is mobility?
The loosening of a tooth in its socket. Results from loss of bone support around the tooth.
What is horizontal mobility?
What is horizontal mobility?
The ability to move the tooth in a facial-lingual direction in its socket.
How do you assess horizontal mobility?
How do you assess horizontal mobility?
Using the ends of two handles, gently apply alternating pressure against the tooth, first from the facial and then from the lingual aspect.
What can you use as a point of reference when assessing tooth mobility?
What can you use as a point of reference when assessing tooth mobility?
What is vertical mobility?
What is vertical mobility?
How do you assess vertical mobility?
How do you assess vertical mobility?
What is Class 1 mobility?
What is Class 1 mobility?
What is Class 2 mobility?
What is Class 2 mobility?
What is Class 3 mobility?
What is Class 3 mobility?
What are two types of single-ended instruments?
What are two types of single-ended instruments?
When can you assume mobility?
When can you assume mobility?
Can you visually look at mobility without doing anything to the tooth?
Can you visually look at mobility without doing anything to the tooth?
What is fremitus?
What is fremitus?
What is the procedure for the determination of fremitus?
What is the procedure for the determination of fremitus?
What kind of trauma can fremitus cause and why?
What kind of trauma can fremitus cause and why?
What can you do to fix occlusal trauma?
What can you do to fix occlusal trauma?
How do you measure the width of attached gingiva?
How do you measure the width of attached gingiva?
If there is inadequate attached gingiva, what will you see?
If there is inadequate attached gingiva, what will you see?
What can be used to fix recession?
What can be used to fix recession?
What do they do with excess gingiva?
What do they do with excess gingiva?
What is attached gingiva?
What is attached gingiva?
Why is the width of attached gingiva important for dentistry?
Why is the width of attached gingiva important for dentistry?
If there is no attached gingiva, what is it hard to do?
If there is no attached gingiva, what is it hard to do?
The attached gingiva extends from where to where?
The attached gingiva extends from where to where?
What is furcation?
What is furcation?
What type of probes are used to evaluate furcations?
What type of probes are used to evaluate furcations?
What is bifurcation?
What is bifurcation?
What is trifurcation?
What is trifurcation?
What instrument is good for debriding furcation areas?
What instrument is good for debriding furcation areas?
What types of offices have Naber's probes?
What types of offices have Naber's probes?
What is furcation involvement?
What is furcation involvement?
Furcation involvement is detected more frequently in maxillary molars by?
Furcation involvement is detected more frequently in maxillary molars by?
Furcation involvement is detected more frequently in mandibular molars by?
Furcation involvement is detected more frequently in mandibular molars by?
Clinically visible furcation areas are visible due to?
Clinically visible furcation areas are visible due to?
Are most furcation involvements visible or not?
Are most furcation involvements visible or not?
In health, can furcation areas be probed? Why or why not?
In health, can furcation areas be probed? Why or why not?
What is the lingual root in maxillary molars also called?
What is the lingual root in maxillary molars also called?
What is a furcation probe?
What is a furcation probe?
What is N1 (Naber's probe) used for?
What is N1 (Naber's probe) used for?
What is N2 (Naber's probe) used for?
What is N2 (Naber's probe) used for?
The crest of the alveolar bone from the CEJ is how long in health?
The crest of the alveolar bone from the CEJ is how long in health?
Where is the furcation area of mandibular molars located?
Where is the furcation area of mandibular molars located?
How do you enter the buccal furcations of the maxillary molars?
How do you enter the buccal furcations of the maxillary molars?
How do you assess the distal proximal furcation of maxillary molars?
How do you assess the distal proximal furcation of maxillary molars?
How are the maxillary premolar furcations assessed?
How are the maxillary premolar furcations assessed?
How many classes of furcation are there?
How many classes of furcation are there?
What is Class 1 furcation?
What is Class 1 furcation?
What is Class 2 furcation?
What is Class 2 furcation?
What is Class 3 furcation?
What is Class 3 furcation?
What is Class 4 furcation?
What is Class 4 furcation?
How do you document furcation involvement?
How do you document furcation involvement?
Study Notes
Tooth Mobility
- Mobility refers to the loosening of a tooth in its socket due to bone support loss around the tooth.
- Horizontal mobility is the ability to move the tooth in a facial-lingual direction within its socket.
- Assess horizontal mobility by applying alternating pressure to the tooth from facial and lingual aspects.
- An adjacent tooth can serve as a point of reference during assessment.
- Vertical mobility indicates the ability to depress the tooth in its socket, typically resulting in exudate.
- Assess vertical mobility by applying gentle pressure on the occlusal surface or incisal edge of the tooth.
Classes of Mobility
- Class 1: Slight mobility with up to 1 mm horizontal displacement.
- Class 2: Horizontal displacement greater than 1 mm but less than 2 mm.
- Class 3: Greater than 2 mm horizontal displacement or any vertical mobility.
Instruments for Assessment
- Common single-ended instruments include probes and mirrors.
- Assumption of mobility can be made when there is evidence of bone loss.
- Visual inspection alone cannot adequately assess mobility.
Fremitus
- Fremitus is a palpable vibration or movement detectable in tooth movement.
- To determine fremitus, place a finger on the maxillary cervical third of the canine and record findings.
- Oclusal trauma may result from miscontoured restoration leading to fremitus.
- Repair of occlusal trauma may involve splinting teeth together to function as a single unit.
Width of Attached Gingiva
- Measure width by determining the distance from the gingival margin to the mucogingival junction and subtracting the probing depth.
- Recession appears when there is inadequate attached gingiva.
- Gingival grafts can provide protection for areas of recession.
- A gingivectomy may be performed to remove excess gingiva.
- Attached gingiva connects tightly to the cementum on the cervical-third of the root and to the connective tissue of the alveolar bone.
- The width of attached gingiva is crucial for planning restorative procedures.
- Absence of attached gingiva limits the types of restorations feasible.
Furcation Anatomy
- The furcation is where the root trunk of a multirooted tooth splits into separate roots.
- Naber's probe is used to evaluate furcations.
- There are bifurcations (2 roots, e.g., mandibular molars) and trifurcations (3 roots, e.g., maxillary molars).
- Ultrasonic scalers effectively debride furcation areas.
Furcation Involvement
- Furcation involvement indicates loss of alveolar bone and periodontal ligament fibers between the roots.
- Maxillary molar furcation involvement is more easily detected via radiographs; mandibular molars are often detected via clinical exams.
- Clinically visible furcation areas arise from bone loss and tissue recession, but most are not visible and require probing for detection.
- In health, furcation areas cannot be probed due to the presence of bone and periodontal ligament fibers.
Maxillary and Mandibular Tooth Furcation Assessment
- Lingual root in maxillary molars is also known as the palatal root.
- A furcation probe evaluates bone support in multirooted teeth.
- Naber's probes have specific designs for assessing mesial, distal, facial, and lingual furcation areas.
- The crest of the alveolar bone from the CEJ measures 2 mm in health.
- Access buccal furcations of maxillary molars between the distobuccal and mesiobuccal roots and assess distal proximal furcations from the lingual aspect.
Classes of Furcation
- Class 1: Concavity felt with a probe; tip cannot enter the furcation.
- Class 2: Probe tip partially enters furcation, extending about one-third through without complete passage.
- Class 3: Probe completely passes through mandibular molar furcation; touches palatal root in maxillary molars.
- Class 4: Same as Class 3 but clinically visible due to tissue recession.
Documentation
- Furcation involvement is documented using symbols for clarity.
Studying That Suits You
Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.
