Vascular Physiology Quiz
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Vascular Physiology Quiz

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@ExaltedCanyon98

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Questions and Answers

What influences arteriolar resistance according to the text?

  • Paracrine signals only
  • CNS reflexes only
  • Hormones only
  • Local and systemic control reflexes (correct)

    • Which mechanism adjusts blood flow directly in arterioles?

  • CNS reflexes
  • Hormones
  • Sympathetic reflexes
  • Myogenic autoregulation (correct)

    • What activates myosin light chain kinase (MLCK) in vascular smooth muscle?

  • Sodium influx
  • Potassium efflux
  • Calcium influx
  • Calmodulin (correct)

    • What does stretched vascular smooth muscle mechanically-gated Ca2+ channels result in?

    <p>Contraction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which signals influence vascular smooth muscle?

    <p>Paracrine signals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What influences arteriolar resistance in heart and skeletal muscle?

    <p>Local control</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What determines blood distribution to various tissues according to the text?

    <p>CNS reflexes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the sympathetic reflex regulate to meet homeostatic needs?

    <p>Blood flow to various tissues</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What causes fluid movement out of capillaries?

    <p>Hydrostatic pressure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What causes fluid movement into capillaries?

    <p>Colloid osmotic pressure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the net pressure determining the direction of bulk flow?

    <p>PNET = PH - π</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the lymphatic system?

    <p>Returns fluid and proteins to the circulatory system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is edema?

    <p>Accumulation of fluid in the interstitial space</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of lymph nodes?

    <p>Contain immunologically active cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What causes net filtration at the arterial end of capillaries?

    <p>PH &gt; π</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What causes net absorption at the venous end of capillaries?

    <p>PH &lt; π</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which chemicals mediate vasoconstriction?

    <p>Norepinephrine, serotonin, endothelin, vasopressin, and angiotensin II</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which branch controls most vascular smooth muscle, except in the vasculature of erectile tissue?

    <p>The sympathetic branch</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which chemicals mediate vasodilation?

    <p>Epinephrine, acetylcholine, nitric oxide, bradykinin, adenosine, histamine, natriuretic peptides, and vasoactive intestinal peptide</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where are the baroreceptors located that control blood pressure?

    <p>Carotid arteries and aorta</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do most capillary exchanges take place?

    <p>By diffusion and transcytosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of drugs used to treat erectile dysfunction?

    <p>Prolong NO (nitric oxide) activity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which chemicals are potent vasodilators that play a role in inflammation?

    <p>Kinins and histamine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What controls blood distribution according to the metabolic need of individual tissues?

    <p>Local control mechanisms and homeostatic reflexes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between capillary density and the metabolic activity of cells?

    <p>Capillary density is related to the metabolic activity of cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main method of plasma and cell material exchange across capillary walls?

    <p>Diffusion and transcytosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the baroreceptor reflex?

    <p>Controls blood pressure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which blood flow stays nearly constant according to the text?

    <p>Cerebral blood flow</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Vascular Physiology Overview

    • Drugs used to treat erectile dysfunction prolong NO (nitric oxide) activity
    • Nitric oxide decreases preeclampsia
    • Kinins and histamine are potent vasodilators that play a role in inflammation
    • Chemicals mediating vasoconstriction include norepinephrine, serotonin, endothelin, vasopressin, and angiotensin II
    • Chemicals mediating vasodilation include epinephrine, acetylcholine, nitric oxide, bradykinin, adenosine, histamine, natriuretic peptides, and vasoactive intestinal peptide
    • The sympathetic branch controls most vascular smooth muscle, except in the vasculature of erectile tissue
    • Blood distribution varies according to metabolic need of individual tissues, governed by local control mechanisms and homeostatic reflexes
    • Cerebral blood flow stays nearly constant
    • The baroreceptor reflex controls blood pressure, with baroreceptors in carotid arteries and aorta producing continuous action potential to the brainstem
    • Plasma and cells exchange materials across thin capillary walls, with capillary density related to the metabolic activity of cells
    • Capillaries have the thinnest walls, and they are supported by basal lamina
    • Most capillary exchange takes place by diffusion and transcytosis, including movement between endothelial cells and through cells, and transport of larger solutes and proteins by vesicular transport

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    Related Documents

    Lecture 15.pdf

    Description

    Test your knowledge of vascular physiology with this quiz. Explore the role of various chemicals in vasoconstriction and vasodilation, the control of blood distribution, and the mechanisms of capillary exchange. See how well you understand the impact of drugs on nitric oxide activity and the function of the baroreceptor reflex in controlling blood pressure.

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