Vascular Physiology Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What influences arteriolar resistance according to the text?

Paracrine signals only

CNS reflexes only

Hormones only

Local and systemic control reflexes (correct)

Which mechanism adjusts blood flow directly in arterioles?

CNS reflexes

Hormones

Sympathetic reflexes

Myogenic autoregulation (correct)

What activates myosin light chain kinase (MLCK) in vascular smooth muscle?

Sodium influx

Potassium efflux

Calcium influx

Calmodulin (correct)

What does stretched vascular smooth muscle mechanically-gated Ca2+ channels result in?

Contraction Signup and view all the answers

Which signals influence vascular smooth muscle?

Paracrine signals Signup and view all the answers

What influences arteriolar resistance in heart and skeletal muscle?

Local control Signup and view all the answers

What determines blood distribution to various tissues according to the text?

CNS reflexes Signup and view all the answers

What does the sympathetic reflex regulate to meet homeostatic needs?

Blood flow to various tissues Signup and view all the answers

What causes fluid movement out of capillaries?

Hydrostatic pressure Signup and view all the answers

What causes fluid movement into capillaries?

Colloid osmotic pressure Signup and view all the answers

What is the net pressure determining the direction of bulk flow?

PNET = PH - π Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the lymphatic system?

Returns fluid and proteins to the circulatory system Signup and view all the answers

What is edema?

Accumulation of fluid in the interstitial space Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of lymph nodes?

Contain immunologically active cells Signup and view all the answers

What causes net filtration at the arterial end of capillaries?

PH > π Signup and view all the answers

What causes net absorption at the venous end of capillaries?

PH < π Signup and view all the answers

Which chemicals mediate vasoconstriction?

Norepinephrine, serotonin, endothelin, vasopressin, and angiotensin II Signup and view all the answers

Which branch controls most vascular smooth muscle, except in the vasculature of erectile tissue?

The sympathetic branch Signup and view all the answers

Which chemicals mediate vasodilation?

Epinephrine, acetylcholine, nitric oxide, bradykinin, adenosine, histamine, natriuretic peptides, and vasoactive intestinal peptide Signup and view all the answers

Where are the baroreceptors located that control blood pressure?

Carotid arteries and aorta Signup and view all the answers

How do most capillary exchanges take place?

By diffusion and transcytosis Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of drugs used to treat erectile dysfunction?

Prolong NO (nitric oxide) activity Signup and view all the answers

Which chemicals are potent vasodilators that play a role in inflammation?

Kinins and histamine Signup and view all the answers

What controls blood distribution according to the metabolic need of individual tissues?

Local control mechanisms and homeostatic reflexes Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between capillary density and the metabolic activity of cells?

Capillary density is related to the metabolic activity of cells Signup and view all the answers

What is the main method of plasma and cell material exchange across capillary walls?

Diffusion and transcytosis Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the baroreceptor reflex?

Controls blood pressure Signup and view all the answers

Which blood flow stays nearly constant according to the text?

Cerebral blood flow Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Vascular Physiology Overview

Drugs used to treat erectile dysfunction prolong NO (nitric oxide) activity
Nitric oxide decreases preeclampsia
Kinins and histamine are potent vasodilators that play a role in inflammation
Chemicals mediating vasoconstriction include norepinephrine, serotonin, endothelin, vasopressin, and angiotensin II
Chemicals mediating vasodilation include epinephrine, acetylcholine, nitric oxide, bradykinin, adenosine, histamine, natriuretic peptides, and vasoactive intestinal peptide
The sympathetic branch controls most vascular smooth muscle, except in the vasculature of erectile tissue
Blood distribution varies according to metabolic need of individual tissues, governed by local control mechanisms and homeostatic reflexes
Cerebral blood flow stays nearly constant
The baroreceptor reflex controls blood pressure, with baroreceptors in carotid arteries and aorta producing continuous action potential to the brainstem
Plasma and cells exchange materials across thin capillary walls, with capillary density related to the metabolic activity of cells
Capillaries have the thinnest walls, and they are supported by basal lamina
Most capillary exchange takes place by diffusion and transcytosis, including movement between endothelial cells and through cells, and transport of larger solutes and proteins by vesicular transport

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Description

Test your knowledge of vascular physiology with this quiz. Explore the role of various chemicals in vasoconstriction and vasodilation, the control of blood distribution, and the mechanisms of capillary exchange. See how well you understand the impact of drugs on nitric oxide activity and the function of the baroreceptor reflex in controlling blood pressure.