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Questions and Answers
What do valence electrons primarily participate in?
What do valence electrons primarily participate in?
- Chemical bonding (correct)
- Creating covalent compounds
- Formation of ions
- Conducting electricity in solid phase
What is the primary characteristic of a covalent bond?
What is the primary characteristic of a covalent bond?
- Formation of ions
- High electronegativity
- Conducts electricity in solid phase
- Involves sharing of electrons (correct)
How are ionic compounds generally represented in terms of their solubility?
How are ionic compounds generally represented in terms of their solubility?
- Insoluble in water but soluble in polar solvents
- Insoluble in water and in polar solvents
- Soluble in water and in polar solvents (correct)
- Soluble in water but insoluble in polar solvents
What type of compounds conduct electricity when in solution but not in the solid phase?
What type of compounds conduct electricity when in solution but not in the solid phase?
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What do two identical non-metallic atoms always form?
What do two identical non-metallic atoms always form?
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Study Notes
Valence Electrons
- Valence electrons are the outermost electrons in an atom and play a crucial role in chemical bonding.
- They primarily participate in forming chemical bonds, such as covalent and ionic bonds, by being shared or transferred between atoms.
Covalent Bonds
- Covalent bonds are characterized by the sharing of electron pairs between atoms.
- This bond type typically occurs between non-metal atoms, resulting in the formation of molecules.
Ionic Compounds and Solubility
- Ionic compounds are generally represented as soluble or insoluble in terms of their ability to dissolve in water.
- Solubility is influenced by the ionic nature and lattice energy of the compounds.
Conductivity in Solutions
- Compounds that conduct electricity when dissolved in water but do not conduct in solid form are known as electrolytes.
- Typically, these are ionic compounds that dissociate into ions in solution, allowing electrical conductivity.
Identical Non-metallic Atoms
- Two identical non-metallic atoms always form a homonuclear diatomic molecule.
- This results in the formation of a molecule held together by a covalent bond, such as O2 or H2.
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