विज्ञानाची मूलभूत संकल्पना

Branches of Science

• Natural Sciences:
  • Biology: study of living organisms and their interactions
  • Chemistry: study of matter and its transformations
  • Physics: study of the fundamental laws of the universe
• Formal Sciences:
  • Mathematics: study of numbers, quantities, and shapes
  • Logic: study of reasoning and argumentation
• Applied Sciences:
  • Engineering: application of scientific knowledge to practical problems
  • Medicine: application of scientific knowledge to health and disease

Scientific Method

• Observation: identify a problem or phenomenon
• Hypothesis: propose a tentative explanation
• Prediction: make a testable statement based on the hypothesis
• Experimentation: design and conduct experiments to test the hypothesis
• Analysis: interpret the results and draw conclusions
• Communication: share the findings with others

Scientific Theories

• A well-substantiated explanation for a set of phenomena
• Based on a large body of evidence and testable predictions
• Examples:
  • Atomic Theory: matter is composed of atoms
  • Evolution Theory: species change over time through natural selection
  • Germ Theory of Disease: microorganisms cause many diseases

Scientific Tools and Techniques

• Measurement: quantifying physical properties (e.g., length, mass, time)
• Observation: using senses or instruments to gather data
• Experimentation: controlling variables to test hypotheses
• Modeling: using mathematical or conceptual representations to simulate phenomena
• Data Analysis: interpreting and drawing conclusions from data

विज्ञानाच्या वेगवेगळ्या शाखा, शास्त्रीय पद्धती, सिद्धांत आणि साधने याविषयी माहिती मिळवा. विज्ञानाची मूलभूत संकल्पना समजून घ्या.