Vaccine Adverse Events Reporting
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Questions and Answers

Where can one find primary manuscripts for randomized controlled trials (RCT) and observational studies?

  • NEJM
  • Google Scholar
  • AccessMedicine
  • PubMed (correct)
  • Which database is specifically useful for information on drugs in pregnancy and lactation?

  • NEJM
  • AccessPharmacy
  • LactMed (correct)
  • DART
  • For meta-analysis and systematic reviews, which type of manuscripts are considered secondary/tertiary sources?

  • PubMed
  • Study abstracts
  • Clinical guidelines (correct)
  • Primary manuscripts
  • In which handbook would you find information specifically related to pediatric dosages?

    <p>NeoFax</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which source is helpful for detailed information on veterinary drugs?

    <p>Merck Veterinary Manual</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where can one find information on multiple agents' comparative efficacy and safety?

    <p>American Journal of Medicine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which source would be most beneficial for reviews related to drug classes?

    <p>JAPhA</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of outcome variable is clinically relevant and easy to measure?

    <p>Primary outcome</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of outcome should be appropriate for the question and measured using valid techniques?

    <p>Primary outcome</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of outcome explores other potential areas of interest beyond the primary and secondary outcomes?

    <p>Exploratory outcome</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What kind of outcome may combine several different measures in one primary endpoint, usually related to morbidity and/or mortality?

    <p>Composite endpoint</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which outcome measure is considered to be the determinant of sample size and power in a study?

    <p>Primary outcome</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a crucial aspect when dealing with a composite endpoint?

    <p>Only the individual components need to be reported separately.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of endpoint should authors be careful with when combining measures related to morbidity and mortality?

    <p>Composite endpoint</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main purpose of a case report in the context of vaccine adverse events?

    <p>To describe a single individual's observed effect after vaccination</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When are providers REQUIRED to report Adverse Drug Events (ADEs)?

    <p>When certain ADEs occur within a specific time period of vaccine administration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main reason for using a Quasi-experimental study design?

    <p>To control for confounding variables</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In evaluating a Randomized Controlled Trial (RCT), what should one consider about the authors?

    <p>Their credentials and conflicts of interest</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of study design would be most appropriate for assessing long-term vaccine efficacy?

    <p>Cohort Study</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes a case control study from a cohort study?

    <p>The selection of participants based on outcomes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary difference between a systematic review and a meta-analysis?

    <p>The scope of research questions addressed</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What feature should be considered when assessing the credibility of a journal publishing RCTs?

    <p>The impact factor of the journal</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of bias occurs when individuals involved in the collection of exposure or outcome data probe for or record information in a differential way?

    <p>Interviewer bias</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of bias occurs when subjects are differentially referred into a study based on knowledge of their exposure status?

    <p>Referral bias</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is problematic if attrition is related to exposure or outcome?

    <p>Internal validity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which situation would logistic regression be used to control for confounding?

    <p>Comparing patients with pets and exercise to patients with pets and no exercise</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of error occurs due to the different ways information is collected in a study?

    <p>Information bias</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When study subjects recall their exposure or outcome history differently, what type of bias is present?

    <p>Recall bias</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of bias involves the selective suppression or revealing of information, including sensitive information?

    <p>Reporting bias</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When dissimilar procedures are used to select study subjects and relate to the exposure or health outcome under study, what type of bias occurs?

    <p>Selection bias</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the definition of plagiarism?

    <p>Using others' ideas or words without giving credit</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an example of mosaic plagiarism?

    <p>Using some words or phrases without citation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one strategy to avoid plagiarism when using others' opinions or theories?

    <p>Paraphrase the opinions in your own words</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which citation style is most applicable in medical and scientific fields?

    <p>American Medical Association (AMA)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When is self-plagiarism considered unethical?

    <p>When recycling your published content without mentioning the original source</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an example of unintentional plagiarism?

    <p>Using wrong paraphrasing techniques</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of plagiarism involves presenting the thoughts of others as your own?

    <p>Plagiarism of ideas</p> Signup and view all the answers

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