RLS 122 Final Exam Questions

A _____ refers to two or more people who are socially connected to one another.

Which of the following statements is correct when thinking about roles?

a) Group members can only have one role within a specific group. b) The role of "comic relief" would be an example of a formal role. c) Social roles are more focused on supporting positive interactions and relationships. d) None of the above are true. e) All of the above are true

A director addresses the group before a meeting, saying: “To ensure that we make the most out of our planning today, please do not interrupt one another, turn your phones off, and save unrelated discussions for after the meeting”. When considering how leaders can facilitate the development of norms, this is an example of:

a) Stating b) Culture c) Importing d) Modeling e) Forming

The final stage of joining a group is the _____________ stage.

Which stage of joining a group do convergence and divergence occur?

a) Resocialization b) Remembrance c) Maintenance d) Socialization e) Investigation

Polarization refers to group members who contribute very little to the group and assume that others will do more to complete the task.

a) True b) False

Define cohesion.

Which of the following is NOT a benefit of direct leadership?

A) Immediate assessment of the productivity or problems of the group B) Ongoing use of clear, unambiguous (i.e., direct) language. C) Opportunity for quick problem solving D) More opportunity for leaders to influence and develop those in their charge E) All of the above are benefits of direct leadership.

Although both are important for participation, leaders should try to foster intrinsic motivation to increase participant satisfaction.

A) True B) False

When considering the dimensions of leader behaviour, what is the difference between democratic behaviour and autocratic behaviour?

____________ is the most common problem with volunteers.

List three motivations for volunteering.

Which of the following is NOT a key responsibility of supervisors?

a) Supporting personnel and organizational policies b) Delegation c) Encouraging professional development d) Orientation and training e) All of the above are key responsibilities of supervisors

Supervisors are often caught in the middle between the expectations of management and the expectations of employees.

a) True b) False

A _______ is an entity made up of interdependent parts that form a complex or unified whole.

Humans have a tendency to assume that anything new, outside of our control, or unfamiliar is a potential opportunity to grow. a) True b) False

Which of the following is NOT one of the primary factors influencing team effectiveness?

a) Internal factors b) Social media factors c) Conflict and trust d) Size and diversity e) Decision making

List, in order, the four stages of the learning wheel model.

A __________ __________ is a process used to ascertain the competencies required for top job performance.

What is important to consider when thinking about competencies?

a) Examination of outside sources may aid in recognizing the competencies needed for different positions. b) Potential and competency development and progression should be included in addition to where somebody is currently at. c) Both hard skills (i.e., job expertise) and soft skills (i.e., personal characteristics) should be considered. d) All of the above. e) None of the above.

Which of the following is NOT a criterion for individuals to be considered for future succession planning? a) Can advance two or three more levels within the organization (i.e., there is room for them to move up) b) Have a connection to the organization that preceded their employment c) Have not reached a career plateau d) They currently exceed minimum job expectations e) They are committed to improving professionally

Identify one of the benefits of working with multiple organizations

The purpose of the group should be clarified, even if it seems apparent. a) True b) False

A nonprofit board member participates in a community recreation task force, directly representing their nonprofit organization’s priorities to the task force. This individual has the power and authority to make decisions on behalf of their nonprofit. This is an example of:

a) The relationship between each individual and their organization. b) The relationship between each individual and each other. c) How the group relates to the host organizations. d) How the group relates to other groups.

__ of learning is the process of taking lessons learned in one context and applying them to another context.

The domino model refers to groups gaining momentum as they work through each stage of development. a) True b) False

List three key responsibilities of supervisors

_____ are often charitable or tax-exempt organizations.

Watchdog groups directly advise on policy issues. a) True b) False

Which of the following is NOT a type of community leader?

a) Advisory committees b) Foundations C) Watchdog groups E) Formal policy groups D) All of the above

Being on a committee advisory group always leads to empowerment. a) True b) False

List one way that foundations, or private nonprofit groups, can help communities.

Which of the following is NOT a way of assessing potential talent in succession planning?

a) Previous performance appraisals. b) 360 degree performance appraisal. c) Work portfolios. d) Assessment centers (e.g., simulations, exercises). e) All of the above are ways of assessing potential talent in succession planning.

A conference is an example of an informal learning opportunity. a) True b) False

_________ begins with disturbance, which is a force that creates the demand for change.

If multiorganizational goals are concrete and readily attainable, the collaboration will likely be long term. a) True b) False

Which of the following is NOT a key trend to be aware of in recreation and leisure? a) Demographic b) Technological c) Economic d) Astrological

1. A new group leader had success with pairing up group members and having them discuss key issues before sharing with the larger group in their previous context. As such, they used that norm into their current group environment. When considering how leaders can facilitate norm development, this is an example of: a) Generalizing b) Stating c) Borrowing d) Modeling e) Importing

2. In the multidimensional model of leadership, which of the following is NOT an antecedent (i.e., what influences and leads to a leadership behaviour)? a) Situational characteristics b) Preferred characteristics c) Member characteristics d) Leader characteristics e) All of the above are antecedents in the multidimensional model of leadership

While securing a participant to the rope, a zip-lining instructor ties a knot for a participant, but unfortunately, they tie the knot incorrectly. This is an example of: a) Internal factors b) Organizational factors c) Omission d) Commission e) None of the above

Within a multi-group coalition, experts share their research expertise, community advocates share the perspectives of their community members, and a construction company representative considers the logistics given the different viewpoints. When considering control architecture, this is an example of: a) The relationship between each individual and their organization. b) The relationship between each individual and each other. c) How the group relates to host organizations. d) None of the above.

When considering actual and perceived risk, situations that are opportunities to provide a sense of challenge or danger while keeping participants quite safe is an example of: a) High actual risk and high perceived risk b) Low actual risk and low perceived risk c) High actual risk and low perceived risk d) Low actual risk and high perceived risk

Which of the following issues with groups can occur as a result of a perception that other group members are not contributing and when individuals’ inputs are perceived to not be recognized or acknowledged? a) Group think b) Polarization c) Diverging d) Social loafing e) Remembrance

Which of the following is NOT one of the primary ways to identify employees when building a talent pool in succession planning? a) Active listening evaluation b) Past performance appraisals c) 360-degree performance appraisal d) Work portfolios e) Assessment centers (e.g., simulations, exercises)

A group member is currently learning the group’s norms, standards, and approaches to communication. When considering the process of joining a group, this individual is currently in the following stage: a) Remembrance b) Investigation c) Maintenance d) Resocialization e) Socialization

When considering motivation, _______________ motivation is generated internally and _______________ motivation is from an outside source. a) unconscious; conscious b) conscious; unconscious c) micro; macro d) macro; micro e) None of the above

What does it mean when we say that assembling groups of volunteers is a challenge in supervising volunteers? a) Volunteers are typically less willing to listen to supervisors than paid employees. b) Volunteers often work on different days and times based on availability. c) Organizing meetings and trainings can be difficult. d) All of the above. e) B and C.

Objectives are specific, measurable actions that are the building blocks for achieving a goal. a) True b) False

Nonprogrammed decisions are most commonly required in supervisors’ problem solving and decision making. a) True b) False

When considering the chaos stage in the learning wheel model, the presence of chaos means that the leader is doing something wrong. a) True b) False

Not all employees may be part of a succession plan. a) True b) False

In the maintenance stage of joining a group, leaders can help by giving potential members a realistic picture of both the costs and benefits of group membership. a) True b) False

The first stage in the learning process is ____________________.

When considering risk management strategies, ____________________ is the elimination or discontinuation of an activity

When considering challenges with group sizes, in ____________________groups, it may be more difficult to reach consensus, and in ____________________groups there may be an absence of diverse perspectives.

____________________thinking is the way leader views, think about, and create the future for their organizations and professions.

____________________is the drive to work toward certain goals and to expend considerable energy in reaching them.

List the five steps of joining a group (0.5 marks each) in the correct order (1 mark).

List one of the formats of discipline and give a tip for supervisors when engaging in disciplinary action (1 mark).

Define standard of care (1 mark)

Define one of the types of roles within a group (1 mark). Then, provide an example of the role that you defined (1 mark).

When facilitating development opportunities in talent development, an apprenticeship would be an example of: a) An extrinsic motivator b) An intrinsic motivator c) An informal learning opportunity d) A formal learning opportunity

The ability to create lasting change or increase the capacity of the team to change in the future (i.e., actually learning what you are trying to learn) is: a) Experiential learning b) Team infrastructure c) Transfer of learning d) Sustainability

A group that campaigns on behalf of, or against, issues of public interest, attends and reviews public meetings, and lobbies public policy officials is most likely a: a) Advisory committee b) Foundation c) Watchdog group d) Formal policy group

A job analysis refers to: a) The skills, knowledge, abilities, and characteristics needed to be successful in a position. b) A process used to ascertain the competencies required for top job performance. c) Examining strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats. d) Auditing a position to see if it is truly required in the organization. e) A crucial component of an annual performance review.

The parks and recreation department is depending on a collaborative multi-group organization to design, refine, and propose a plan for a new green space development. When considering control architecture, this is an example of: a) The relationship between each individual and their organization. b) The relationship between each individual and each other. c) How the group relates to host organizations. d) None of the above. e) All of the above.

The role of the class clown or group nurturer would be an example of which type of role? a) Formal role b) Informal role c) Organizational role d) None of the above

What is involved in direct leadership? a) The subordinate following closely behind the leader to better learn. b) An immediate or face-to-face relationship between a leader and subordinate. c) Communication that is transparent between subordinate and leader. d) All of the above. e) B and C.

What a reasonable and prudent person would do in a similar situation is referred to as: a) Bare minimum b) Bystander effect c) Standard of care d) The human condition

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of the final step of joining a group? a) Group members viewed positively “live on” through group history and tradition. b) Evaluation (i.e., costs and benefits) is ongoing by group members. c) Participants debrief their experiences individually and collectively. d) Group members may recommend the group to others. e) Group may approach or avoid group memories.

Which of the following is true about trends and fads? a) Fads are typically short-lived. b) Trends tend to be longer lasting than fads. c) The use of the internet would be considered a trend and not a fad. d) All of the above are true. e) A and B are true.

Autocratic behaviour involves participants in the process of decision making and forming goals, and democratic behaviour involves demanding compliance and issuing orders. a) True b) False

In the multidimensional model of leadership, a leader characteristic is considered an antecedent (i.e., what influences and leads to a leadership behaviour). a) True b) False

Advisory committees have formal authority to make decisions. a) True b) False

Free riding is an extreme form of social loafing. a) True b) False

A contingency gap is the difference between the competencies the person currently has and the competencies the person needs to obtain the desired level within the organization. a) True b) False

Strategic thinking involves being proactive and focusing on the long-term, big picture. a) True b) False

When considering risk management strategies, _______________ is when the organization pays for expenses out of pocket or creates an internal fund in place of insurance.

When someone does not fulfil their duty, is it referred to as a _______________ of duty

_______________ are often charitable, volunteer, or tax-exempt organizations.

The _______________ of the organization refers to the way that authority and roles are organized

We (humans) see many things as _______________ when they are really opportunities for _______________.

_______________ is a failure to exercise a standard of care that results in injury, damage, or loss.

Define role ambiguity (1 mark).

List the three types of leader behaviours (1 mark each), which is how the leader acts or responds in a certain situation, from the multidimensional model of leadership

List two of the common problems and challenges that we discussed surrounding supervising volunteers (1 mark each).