Using Information Technology Chapter 4 Flashcards
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Questions and Answers

What is the term for 1,000 bytes?

  • Megabyte
  • Terabyte
  • Kilobyte (correct)
  • Gigabyte

    • What is the term for 1 million bytes?

  • Gigabyte
  • Megabyte (correct)
  • Terabyte
  • Kilobyte

    • What is the term for 1 billion bytes?

  • Terabyte
  • Megabyte
  • Kilobyte
  • Gigabyte (correct)

    • What does CPU stand for?

    <p>Central Processing Unit</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the process of retrieving data from a storage device?

    <p>Read</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the process of copying data to a storage device?

    <p>Write</p> Signup and view all the answers

    To avoid losing data, you should have ______.

    <p>backup files</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Formatted hard disks have ___ and ___ that the system software uses to reference data locations.

    <p>tracks, sectors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the brain of the computer?

    <p>CPU</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the electrical data roadways through which bits are transmitted?

    <p>Bus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an expansion card that allows transmission of data over a cabled network?

    <p>Network Interface Card (NIC)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What part of the disk-drive mechanism transfers data between the computer and the disk?

    <p>Read/write head</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are RAM chips critical for?

    <p>Computer performance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following operations with their types:

    <p>Addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division = Arithmetical Operations Comparisons such as equal to, greater than, and less than = Logical Operations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many bits make up 1 byte?

    <p>8</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for using molecules to create tiny machines for holding data and performing tasks?

    <p>Nanotechnology</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What tiny electronic device acts as an on/off switch?

    <p>Transistor</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is silicone used for in electronics?

    <p>Semiconductor</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does binary refer to in computer systems?

    <p>0 and 1</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the specialized processor used to manipulate 3D graphics?

    <p>Graphics Processing Unit (GPU)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does USB stand for?

    <p>Universal Serial Bus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What format is used to hold prerecorded text, graphics, and sound?

    <p>CD ROM</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is binary code made up of?

    <p>0s and 1s</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is another term for primary storage?

    <p>RAM</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which device is not included on a computer's motherboard?

    <p>Keyboard</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is used to hold data and instructions that will be used shortly by the CPU?

    <p>RAM chips</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What coding scheme is widely used on microcomputers?

    <p>ASCII</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What unit is used to measure processing speed in microcomputers?

    <p>Gigahertz</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the expansion bus specializing in graphics processing?

    <p>AGP</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What element is commonly used in making solid-state integrated circuits?

    <p>Silicon</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are high-speed areas that temporarily store data during processing?

    <p>Registers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is also called a USB drive or a keychain drive?

    <p>Flash drive</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is cloud storage also called?

    <p>Online storage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The bus connects the computer's control unit and ALU.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A machine cycle comprises the instruction cycle and execution cycle.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Virtual memory is hard-disk space used to expand RAM capacity.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Main memory is nonvolatile.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A multicore processor is designed to let the operating system divide the work over more than one processor.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Pipelining speeds up processing.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    USB can connect up to 127 devices.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A petabyte is 1 quadrillion bytes.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Online secondary storage services test your computer's RAM capacity.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    HDMI connections support both video and audio signals.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    ASCII is binary code that is most widely used on microcomputers.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Data Measurement Units

    • Kilobyte (KB) = 1,000 bytes; Megabyte (MB) = 1 million bytes; Gigabyte (GB) = 1 billion bytes.
    • A Byte consists of 8 bits.

    Central Processing Unit (CPU)

    • Serves as the brain of the computer, executing instructions from programs.
    • Functions include processing data and controlling other components in a computer system.

    Data Operations

    • Read: Retrieving data from a storage device.
    • Write: Copying data to a storage device.

    Data Management

    • Backup files are crucial for preventing data loss.

    Disk Storage Structure

    • Formatted hard disks have tracks and sectors to organize data.
    • Read/write heads are mechanisms transferring data between the computer and disk.

    Networking Components

    • Network Interface Card (NIC) enables data transmission over wired networks.
    • USB (Universal Serial Bus) is the primary interface for connecting peripherals.

    Memory Types

    • RAM (Random Access Memory) is the main memory that affects computer performance.
    • Virtual memory utilizes hard disk space to supplement RAM, expanding capacity.

    Processing Concepts

    • Arithmetical operations involve basic math functions (addition, subtraction, etc.).
    • Logical operations involve comparisons (e.g., equal to, greater than).
    • Gigahertz (GHz) measures processing speed in microcomputers.

    Computing Technologies

    • Graphics Processing Unit (GPU) primarily handles 3D graphics manipulation.
    • Nanotechnology involves creating tiny machines for data storage and task execution.

    Electronic Components

    • Transistors act as on/off switches in electronic devices.
    • Silicon is a key material in making semiconductor components and integrated circuits.

    File Formats and Code

    • CD ROM (Compact Disc-Read Only Memory) is used for pre-recorded data storage.
    • ASCII (American Standard Code for Information Interchange) is a widely used coding scheme for representing text.

    Storage Types

    • Flash drive is also known as a USB drive or keychain drive.
    • Cloud storage is referred to as online storage.

    Other Technical Insights

    • HDMI connections support both audio and video signals.
    • Multicore processors enable workload distribution across multiple processing cores.
    • Pipelining enhances processing efficiency through a streamlined instruction execution process.

    True/False Statements

    • Virtual memory expands RAM capacity by utilizing hard disk space (True).
    • Main memory (RAM) is nonvolatile (False).
    • USB can connect up to 127 devices (True).
    • A petabyte equals 1 quadrillion bytes (True).
    • High-speed temporary storage during processing is handled by registers.

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    Test your knowledge with these flashcards from Chapter 4 of 'Using Information Technology'. This chapter covers essential terms related to data measurements, CPU functions, and data processes. Perfect for reviewing key concepts in information technology.

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