Using Information Technology Chapter 3
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Questions and Answers

What is system software?

Enables the computer to perform essential operating tasks.

What is application software?

Programs designed to perform specific tasks.

What is multitasking?

The activity in which the computer works on more than one process at a time.

What is fragmentation?

<p>The scattering of portions of files about the disk in nonadjacent areas, thus greatly slowing access to the files.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a web application?

<p>Software that runs on a remote Internet server rather than on a person's own personal computer.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are personal computers generally using?

<p>Mac OS and Windows.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is booting?

<p>The process of loading an operating system into a computer's main memory.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a defragger?

<p>A utility that will find all the scattered files on your hard disk and reorganize them.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an operating system?

<p>A component of system software that comprises the master system of programs that manage the basic operations of the computer.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a user interface?

<p>The user-controllable display screen you use to interact with the computer, using keyboard or mouse.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are temp files?

<p>Unnecessary files that are created by Windows only for short tasks and system restore after system problems.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What do usernames and passwords control?

<p>Access to their computers.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does copyrighted mean?

<p>Privately owned and controlled by a company.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is Open Source Software (OSS)?

<p>Any programmer can download it from the internet for free and modify it with suggestions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a cold boot?

<p>Powering up the computer by turning on the power 'on' switch</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does word processing software allow you to do?

<p>Create, edit, format and print documents.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is scrolling?

<p>Moving upward or downward through the text.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Editing features on word processing programs include ______, cut, copy, paste, delete, spelling check.

<p>insert</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a cell in a spreadsheet?

<p>The place where a row and column intersect.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a cursor?

<p>Movable symbol on the display screen.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a software license?

<p>A contract by which users agree not to make copies of software to give away or resell.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Records in a database are sorted according to a _____.

<p>key</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is desktop publishing?

<p>Mixing text and graphics to produce high-quality output for commercial printing.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does spreadsheet software allow users to do?

<p>Create tables and do financial analyses by entering data and formulas.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is word wrap?

<p>A tool that automatically wraps text to the next line as it reaches the right margin.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are default settings?

<p>A setting that is automatically used unless another option is chosen.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is public domain software?

<p>The only type of software that is not copyright-protected.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are device drivers?

<p>Small programs that allow input/output devices to communicate with the computer.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the Portable Document Format (PDF)?

<p>Allows documents to be sent to almost any platform and be opened without losing any of their characteristics.</p> Signup and view all the answers

_____ files contain software instructions; ____ files contain words, numbers, pictures, sounds, etc.

<p>Program; Data</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are functions of an operating system?

<p>File management, CPU management, task management, and booting.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the first major microcomputer OS?

<p>Windows.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a prominent network operating system?

<p>Linux.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the newest Microsoft Windows OS?

<p>Windows 8.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is multitasking?

<p>Execution of two or more programs by one user at the same time on the same computer with the same CPU.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are device drivers specialized for?

<p>Allow input/output devices to communicate with the rest of the computer system.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is not an advantage of using database software?

<p>Lack of structure.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

System Software and Application Software

  • System software performs essential operating tasks, enabling the computer to function.
  • Application software consists of programs designed for specific tasks, enhancing user productivity.

Computer Operations and Management

  • Multitasking allows a computer to manage multiple processes simultaneously.
  • The booting process is critical for loading an operating system into main memory.
  • Fragmentation occurs when files are scattered across nonadjacent disk areas, slowing access.

File Management and Utilities

  • A defragger utility reorganizes scattered files on a hard disk for improved access speed.
  • Temporary files are short-lived files created by Windows for system tasks and restoration after problems.

User Interaction

  • The user interface (UI) is the interactive display screen controlled via keyboard or mouse.
  • Editing features in word processing software include insert, cut, copy, paste, delete, and spelling check functions.

Software Categories and Licensing

  • Open source software (OSS) can be freely downloaded and modified by any user.
  • Software licenses are contracts that restrict copying and redistribution of software.
  • Public domain software is not copyright-protected and can be freely used and shared.

Document and Data Management

  • Word processing software enables document creation, editing, formatting, and printing (e.g., Microsoft Word).
  • Desktop publishing combines text and graphics for high-quality commercial printing outputs.
  • A spreadsheet allows for financial analyses and data organization via tables.

Miscellaneous Terms

  • Device drivers are essential programs that enable communication between input/output devices and the computer.
  • Portable Document Format (PDF) preserves document formatting across different platforms without loss of data.

Computer Types and Development

  • Personal computers predominantly use operating systems like Mac OS and Windows.
  • The first major microcomputer operating system was Windows; Linux is a notable network operating system.
  • The latest version of Microsoft Windows is Windows 8.

Data and Information

  • Program files contain software instructions, while data files hold words, numbers, images, and sounds.
  • Default settings are preconfigured options applied unless changed by the user.

Additional Concepts

  • Scrolling refers to moving vertically through text content.
  • A cell in a spreadsheet is formed at the intersection of a row and a column, facilitating data organization.

Distinct Boot Types

  • Cold boot refers to starting a computer from a powered-off state, while a warm boot restarts the computer without turning off the power.

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Test your knowledge with these flashcards from Chapter 3 of Using Information Technology. Each card defines key terms such as system software, application software, multitasking, and fragmentation. Perfect for reinforcing your understanding of essential IT concepts.

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