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User Classification and Experience Curves Quiz
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User Classification and Experience Curves Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What are the categories for classifying users according to the text?

  • Personality type, communication style, hobbies, social media usage
  • Experience, educational level, age, amount of prior training (correct)
  • Comfort level, language proficiency, technical skills, job title
  • Geographical location, favorite color, music preference, food choice

    • What are the categories of user experience curves mentioned in the text?

  • Learning, efficiency, expert mode (correct)
  • Trial and error, intuitive, advanced
  • Beginner, intermediate, expert
  • Basic, intermediate, advanced

    • What is the common experience level of people using computer software?

  • Most users are experts
  • Most users are perpetual intermediates (correct)
  • Most users are beginners
  • Most users rapidly become experts

    • Who should be interviewed to determine values, expectations, issues, and constraints for software development according to the text?

    <p>Project staff, subject matter experts, customers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary focus of some systems mentioned in the text?

    <p>Learnability</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the difficulty of maintaining expertise over time, according to the text?

    <p>It increases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do most users tend to be in terms of using a software interface, according to the text?

    <p>Perpetual intermediates</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the first task of a selfish designer, according to the text?

    <p>To become the user</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the aim of some systems mentioned in the text?

    <p>To support ease of learning and an expert mode</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who are the perpetual intermediates, according to the text?

    <p>Most users of computer software</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main focus of the design effort?

    <p>The actual users of a product</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who are often hired externally by project managers to provide knowledge of complex domains and industry best practices?

    <p>Subject Matter Experts (SMEs)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    For business settings, who are rarely actually the users of a product?

    <p>Customers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main goal when identifying candidate users for a product?

    <p>Capture the range of user behaviors regarding a product</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the focus of an ethnographic interview conducted in the actual workplace/environment?

    <p>Overall goals and current tasks</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are patterns of use generally based on for consumer products?

    <p>Lifestyle (age, gender, occupation, etc)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of questions should be asked to encourage elaboration during an interview?

    <p>Open-ended questions (how, when, what, why)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended duration for an ethnographic interview in the actual workplace/environment?

    <p>45-60 minutes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended approach for an interviewer to be considered an active listener?

    <p>Use minimal encouragers and ask open-ended questions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main focus during the general flow of an interview for a business product?

    <p>Overall goals and current tasks</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Ethnographic interviews combine immersive observation and directed interview techniques.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Customers for consumer products are often the same as users.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The main focus of the design effort should always be the actual users of a product.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    An active listener should use open body language to encourage elaboration during an interview.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When identifying candidate users, designers must capture the range of user behaviors regarding a product.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Patterns of use for consumer products are generally based on job responsibilities.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    An in-flight entertainment system would be primarily used by the customers of the airline.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Most people are capable of accurately assessing their own behavior according to Pinker, 1999.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    An ethnographic interview should be conducted with third parties present to provide supervision.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The perpetual intermediates lean towards an expert user perspective.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Most users tend to remain beginners in terms of using software interfaces, according to the text.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The difficulty of maintaining a high level of expertise means that experts fade over time.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    One of the categories for classifying users according to the text is gender.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The main focus of some systems mentioned in the text is to emphasize efficiency for proficient users.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Ethnographic interviews in the actual workplace/environment are recommended to last no more than 30 minutes.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The perpetual intermediates, according to the text, are the ones who are always beginners and never progress to expert level.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The aim of some systems mentioned in the text is to focus on memorability.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The project staff who should be interviewed to determine values, expectations, issues, and constraints include the end users of the software.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The experience level of people using computer software tends to remain constant over time.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Rich menus and dialogues plus a command/scripting language support both ease of learning and an 'expert mode', according to the text.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Users can be classified according to their: Experience Educational level Age Amount of prior training, etc.

    <p>characteristics</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The experience level of people using computer software tends. In terms of using a software interface, Beginners do not remain beginners for long. The difficulty of maintaining a high level of expertise means that experts fade over time. Most users gravitate over time towards intermediacy. Most users are neither beginners nor experts: they are perpetual intermediates

    <p>to gravitate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Conduct interviews with: Project staff (managers, programmers, marketing people) who are in charge of developing the software). Subject matter and domain experts. Customers (the purchaser of the product, not necessarily the same as the end user). to determine values, expectations, issues, and constraints.

    <p>interviewing project staff</p> Signup and view all the answers

    LEARNING Some systems are designed to focus on learnability. Others emphasize ______ for proficient users. Some support both ease of learning and an “expert mode” (for example rich menus and dialogues plus a command/scripting language), and thus attempt to ride the top of the curves in (Figure 4.2) GRAPH FOR THE LEARNING CURVES

    <p>efficiency</p> Signup and view all the answers

    KNOW THE USER Lecture 4 THE USER KNOW “ I’m a very ______: when I design software, I design it for me. And so my first task is to become you. ”

    <p>selfish designer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    INTERVIEWING PROJECT STAFF One-on-one interviews.

    <p>one-on-one</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Most users are neither beginners nor experts: they are ______

    <p>perpetual intermediates</p> Signup and view all the answers

    MOST USERS ARE PERPETUAL INTERMEDIATES The experience level of people using computer software tends

    <p>most users</p> Signup and view all the answers

    RESEARCH THE FRAMES OF REFERENCE

    <p>conduct interviews</p> Signup and view all the answers

    CATEGORIES OF USER EXPERIENCE CURVES LEARNING

    <p>categories of user experience curves</p> Signup and view all the answers

    An ethnographic interview should be conducted with third parties present to provide supervision

    <p>false</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The main focus of the design effort should always be the actual users of a product.

    <p>true</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The recommended duration for an ethnographic interview in the actual workplace/environment is

    <p>45-60 minutes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The perpetual intermediates, according to the text, are the ones who are always beginners and never progress to expert level.

    <p>false</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The aim of some systems mentioned in the text is to focus on

    <p>memorability</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Most users are neither beginners nor experts: they are

    <p>perpetual intermediates</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The perpetual intermediates lean towards an expert user perspective.

    <p>true</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Patterns of use for consumer products are generally based on

    <p>lifestyle (age, gender, occupation, etc)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The difficulty of maintaining a high level of expertise means that experts fade over time.

    <p>true</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The experience level of people using computer software tends to remain constant over time.

    <p>false</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following with their classification criteria:

    <p>Users = Experience, Educational level, Age, Prior training User experience curves = Learning, Efficiency, Expert mode Research subjects = Project staff, Subject matter experts, Customers Ethnographic interview = Immersive observation, Directed interview techniques, Third party supervision</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following with their primary focus according to the text:

    <p>Design effort = Actual users of a product Systems = Learnability, Efficiency, Expert mode User experience curves = Perpetual intermediates, Expert mode, Learnability Ethnographic interview = Actual workplace/environment, Supervision, Immersive observation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following with their common experience level in using computer software:

    <p>Beginners = Do not remain beginners for long Experts = Fade over time Perpetual intermediates = Most users gravitate towards Users = Neither beginners nor experts</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following with their recommended interview subjects:

    <p>Active listener = Open body language Ethnographic interview = Project staff, Subject matter experts, Customers Research subjects = Managers, Programmers, Marketing people Perpetual intermediates = Always beginners, Never progress to expert level</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following with their focus in software design:

    <p>Systems = Memorability Design effort = Actual users of a product Ethnographic interview = Directed interview techniques User experience curves = Efficiency for proficient users</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following with their patterns of use for consumer products:

    <p>User experience curves = Perpetual intermediates Research subjects = Job responsibilities Ethnographic interview = 30 minutes duration Users = Gender</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following with their aim in software design:

    <p>Systems = Focus on learnability User experience curves = Ride the top of the curves Ethnographic interview = Determine values, expectations, issues, constraints Research subjects = Assessing their own behavior</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following with their recommended approach for an interviewer:

    <p>Active listener = Encourage elaboration Ethnographic interview = Third party supervision Research subjects = Interview duration in actual workplace Perpetual intermediates = Always beginners, Never progress to expert level</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following with their recommended interview duration:

    <p>Active listener = Open body language Ethnographic interview = Actual workplace/environment Research subjects = Managers, Programmers, Marketing people Perpetual intermediates = Always beginners, Never progress to expert level</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following with their focus in user experience curves:

    <p>Systems = Efficiency for proficient users Design effort = Actual users of a product Ethnographic interview = Directed interview techniques User experience curves = Learnability</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Whom would you interview if you were designing: An in-flight entertainment system. A corporate help desk. A complete hospital management system. A mobile phone with email capability.

    <p>customers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What sorts of people might use this product. How might their needs vary. What ranges of behavior might be involved. Which kinds of environment might be involved. Try to interview some people from each different group.

    <p>identify</p> Signup and view all the answers

    An ethnographic interview should be conducted in the actual workplace/environment. 45-60 minutes. No third parties (supervisors or clients). Focus on understanding: – Overall goals – Current tasks CONTD. – Constraints and exceptions – Problems needing solution (where does it hurt.) – Broader context – Domain issues – Vocabulary Ask permission to take a few photographs of the user and their workplace (for creating personas).

    <p>conducting</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A good interviewer is an active listener: Use open body language: lean forward, hand under chin, arms open, eye contact. Use minimal encouragers: brief verbal cues (hmmm, uh-huh, oh.), nodding, tilting head sideways. CONTD. Ask open-ended questions (how, when, what, why) to encourage elaboration. Use closed questions (can you, will you, do you) with yes/no or simple fact answer to clarify your understanding. Summarise to check you understand the important points: “So it sounds like the key points are.”.

    <p>being</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do you spend most of your time on. [task priority] What things waste your time. [opportunity] Where does it hurt. [opportunity] What makes a good work day. A bad one. [goals] CONTD. What kind of training do you have. [support to provide] What are the most important things you do. [priorities, goals] What information helps you make decisions. [info to provide]

    <p>general</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When interviewing users, we are trying to discover ______ of use: Business products: Patterns of use are generally based on job responsibilities. Consumer products: Patterns of use are generally based on lifestyle (age, gender, occupation, etc).

    <p>patterns</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Use open body language: lean forward, hand under chin, arms open, eye contact. Use minimal ______: brief verbal cues (hmmm, uh-huh, oh.), nodding, tilting head sideways. CONTD. Ask open-ended questions (how, when, what, why) to encourage elaboration. Use closed questions (can you, will you, do you) with yes/no or simple fact answer to clarify your understanding. Summarise to check you understand the important points: “So it sounds like the key points are.”.

    <p>encouragers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Introductions. Why we’re here: We’ve been asked to design/improve X. What we’ll ask: your day, your background, your frustrations. Tell us about your responsibilities and your typical workday. Drill into specific tasks.

    <p>flow</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Rich menus and dialogues plus a command/scripting language support both ease of learning and an 'expert mode', according to the text.

    <p>efficiency</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Business products: Patterns of use are generally ______ on job responsibilities. Consumer products: Patterns of use are generally ______ on lifestyle (age, gender, occupation, etc).

    <p>based</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following with their recommended approach for an interviewer:

    <p>Use open body language = Encourage elaboration during an interview Ask open-ended questions = Clarify understanding Summarize to check understanding = Active listening Minimal encouragers = Closed questions for clarification</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following with their focus in user experience curves:

    <p>Some systems emphasize learnability = Ease of learning and an 'expert mode' Some systems focus on patterns of use = Ride the top of the curves Business products: Patterns of use based on job responsibilities = Consumer products: Patterns of use based on lifestyle Rich menus and dialogues plus a command/scripting language = Proficient users</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following with their classification criteria:

    <p>Vision of the product = Identifying candidate users Budget and schedule = Patterns of use Technical constraints = Categories of user experience curves Perceptions of who users might be = Ethnographic interview</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following with their focus in an ethnographic interview:

    <p>Overall goals and current tasks = Understanding in the workplace Constraints and exceptions = Problems needing solution Broader context and domain issues = Vocabulary and personas Permission to take photographs = Creating personas and active listening</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following with their interview subjects:

    <p>Interviewing subject matter experts (SMEs) = Provide knowledge of complex domains Interviewing customers = Discover goals in purchasing the product Research the end user = Main focus of the design effort Interviewing project staff = One-on-one interviews</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following with their main focus in the general flow of an interview for a business product:

    <p>Introductions and frustrations = Understanding the user's background Drilling into specific tasks = Relationships with other people and processes Goals and follow-up = Improving the design of X Wrap-up and good general questions = User's typical workday</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following with their main subjects for software development:

    <p>Interviewing subject matter experts (SMEs) = Discovering values, expectations, issues, and constraints Interviewing project staff = Determining values, expectations, issues, and constraints Research the end user = Determining values, expectations, issues, and constraints Interviewing customers = Determining values, expectations, issues, and constraints</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following with their focus in identifying candidate users:

    <p>Vision of the product = Capturing the range of user behaviors Budget and schedule = Range of behavior and environmental variations Technical constraints = Different groups of people Perceptions of who users might be = Interviewing some people from each different group</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following with their types of questions for an active listener:

    <p>Open body language and minimal encouragers = Encourage elaboration during an interview Ask open-ended questions and summarize = Active listening Use closed questions for clarification = Clarify understanding Summarize and minimal encouragers = Closed questions for clarification</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following with their main subjects for an ethnographic interview in the actual workplace/environment:

    <p>Overall goals and current tasks = Understanding the user's background Constraints and exceptions = Problems needing solution Broader context and domain issues = Vocabulary and personas Permission to take photographs = Creating personas and active listening</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following interviewing techniques with their descriptions:

    <p>Subject Matter Experts (SMEs) = Provide knowledge of complex domains, regulations, industry best practice Customers = Make the decision to purchase and provide insights into frustrations and decision process Ethnographic Interview = Combination of immersive observation and directed interview techniques Identifying Candidate Users = Capture the range of user behaviors and interview people from different user groups</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following interview focus areas with their descriptions:

    <p>Overall goals and current tasks = Focus areas in conducting an ethnographic interview Day, background, frustrations = Focus areas in a general interview for a business product Values, expectations, issues, constraints = Areas to determine by interviewing project staff and customers User behaviors and needs variation = Aspects to capture when identifying candidate users</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following listening techniques with their descriptions:

    <p>Open body language and minimal encouragers = Listening techniques to encourage elaboration during an interview Open-ended and closed questions = Question types used to facilitate active listening Summarizing important points = Technique to check understanding as an active listener Drilling into specific tasks and follow-up = Aspects of a general interview flow for a business product</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following user experience patterns with their descriptions:

    <p>Business products = Patterns of use based on job responsibilities Consumer products = Patterns of use based on lifestyle and demographics Beginners and experts = User experience curves where most users fall in between Efficiency for proficient users = Main focus of some systems mentioned in the text</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following interview questions with their focus areas:

    <p>What things waste your time = Opportunity and frustrations focus area What kind of training do you have = Support and background focus area What are the most important things you do = Priorities and goals focus area What information helps you make decisions = Information and decision-making focus area</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following user classification categories with their descriptions:

    <p>Experience, educational level, age = Criteria for classifying users according to the text Gender, occupation, environment = Aspects to consider when identifying candidate users End users, project staff, customers = Categories for classifying interview subjects Supervisors, clients, apprentices = Roles to be excluded during an ethnographic interview</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following system aims with their descriptions:

    <p>Focus on memorability = Aim of some systems mentioned in the text Emphasize efficiency for proficient users = Main goal when identifying candidate users for a product Capture the range of user behaviors = Main focus of the design effort Provide supervision during interviews = Not recommended approach for an ethnographic interview</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following user assessment statements with their descriptions:

    <p>Most users are perpetual intermediates = Experience level of people using computer software tends to remain constant over time Most users tend to remain beginners = Common experience level of people using software interfaces Experts fade over time = Difficulty of maintaining expertise over time Users are capable of accurately assessing their own behavior = Contrary to Pinker's assertion in 1999</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following product usage scenarios with their primary users:

    <p>In-flight entertainment system = Customers of the airline Corporate help desk = Employees and clients seeking support Hospital management system = Healthcare professionals and administrative staff Mobile phone with email capability = Business professionals and individuals needing mobile communication</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following interview duration with their recommended time frame:

    <p>Ethnographic interview in actual workplace = 45-60 minutes General interview for a business product = Not specified in the text Interviewing project staff = One-on-one interviews with no specific time frame Interviewing customers = Not specified in the text</p> Signup and view all the answers

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