US Supreme Court Rulings and Legislation
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Questions and Answers

What was one of the main objectives of the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act?

  • Saving existing jobs and creating new ones (correct)
  • Creating new laws for healthcare reform
  • Reducing taxes for the wealthy
  • Eliminating the national deficit

    • Bush's approval ratings had no impact on the Republican Party's performance in subsequent elections.

    False

    What was a primary concern of modern opponents of the Equal Rights Amendment (ERA)?

  • It would lead to women being drafted in case of war. (correct)
  • It would accelerate the ratification process.
  • It would end the distinction between men and women.
  • It would ensure constitutional protections for women.

    • What significant movement emerged in response to fiscal policies after the 2008 financial crisis?

    <p>The Tea Party Movement</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The Equal Protection Clause originally included women when the 14th amendment was adopted.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was one of the scenarios where the federal government stated it would intervene regarding marijuana?

    <p>If marijuana was distributed to minors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many states needed to ratify the ERA for it to become an amendment?

    <p>38</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The Affordable Care Act is commonly known as _____ .

    <p>Obamacare</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Marijuana is legal at both the state and federal levels in the United States.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The most economically and socially conservative group in the Republican party is the ______.

    <p>House Freedom Caucus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was a major requirement of the Affordable Care Act (ACA) regarding private insurance?

    <p>Everyone was required to have insurance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the outcome of United States v. Windsor regarding DOMA?

    <p>DOMA was ruled unconstitutional.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which group of senators primarily opposed the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act?

    <p>Republican senators</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The _____ v. Hodges case guaranteed the fundamental right to marry for same-sex couples.

    <p>Obergefell</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What major legislation did Obama work on after the financial crash?

    <p>Healthcare reform</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following issues does the Congressional Progressive Caucus prioritize?

    <p>Universal healthcare</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Obama lost control of Congress after the 2010 midterm elections.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the court cases with their main outcomes:

    <p>United States v. Windsor = DOMA unconstitutional Obergefell v. Hodges = Same-sex marriage rights McCutcheon v. FEC = Unregulated campaign finance Keystone XL Pipeline Veto = Environmental concerns upheld</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The Freedom Caucus did not take any actions regarding government spending in 2023.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following acts or movements with their descriptions:

    <p>American Recovery and Reinvestment Act = Stimulus package aimed at providing jobs and relief Tea Party Movement = A right-wing populist response critical of government spending Affordable Care Act = Legislation aimed at reforming healthcare in the US Bush's approval ratings = Low ratings affecting the Republican Party's success</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What significant Supreme Court case ruled on campaign finance regulations in 2010?

    <p>Citizens United v. FEC</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was a primary concern regarding the Keystone XL Pipeline?

    <p>Environmental damage and climate change</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The estimated cost of the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act was _____ billion.

    <p>787</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the vote count for the ERA in the House of Representatives in 1971?

    <p>354-24</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The establishment of _______ led to a rise in PACs, Super PACs, and 'dark money' groups.

    <p>Citizens United v. FEC</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following groups with their characteristics:

    <p>House Freedom Caucus = Most economically and socially conservative group in Republicans Congressional Progressive Caucus = Most left-wing group in Democrats</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The Supreme Court's decision in McCutcheon v. FEC allowed for caps on individual campaign donations.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following events with their descriptions:

    <p>Affordable Care Act = Expansion of Medicaid and Medicare 2010 midterm elections = Republicans gained control of the House Executive Order 13492 = Order to close Guantanamo Bay Occupy Movement = Protest against wealth concentration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What action did President Obama take regarding the Keystone XL Pipeline Approval Act in 2015?

    <p>He vetoed it.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was a consequence of President Obama's loss in the 2010 midterms?

    <p>Increased executive orders</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The Supreme Court's ruling in Citizens United was intended to enhance regulation of campaign financing.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was one of the main effects of the ACA on the private insurance market regarding preexisting conditions?

    <p>Insurers had to accept all applicants regardless of preexisting conditions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What action did Joe Biden take regarding the pipeline project on his first day in office?

    <p>Revoked the permit to build it</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Bernie Sanders accepted large corporate donations during his campaign.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the longest partial government shutdown in US history and how many days did it last?

    <p>35 days</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The border wall was proposed by Trump to reduce the amount of _________ entering the US.

    <p>Mexican immigrants</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was one of the methods Trump attempted to fund the wall construction?

    <p>Declaring a national emergency</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following events with their corresponding years:

    <p>Trump signs memorandum for pipeline = 2017 Biden revokes pipeline permit = 2021 Government shutdown over wall funding = 2018-2019 Bernie Sanders' campaign begins = 2016</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the main outcome of Korematsu v. United States (1944)?

    <p>Upholding the internment of Japanese Americans during WW2</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During the campaign, Trump claimed that former presidents supported his wall-building initiative.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The War Powers Act (1973) required the President to declare war before deploying troops.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who was the primary opponent of Bernie Sanders in the 2016 Democratic Primaries?

    <p>Hilary Clinton</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which amendment did the Brown v. Board of Education (1954) ruling claim was violated by school segregation?

    <p>14th amendment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The Federal Elections Campaign Act (1974) aimed to increase __________ in federal elections.

    <p>transparency</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What significant action did President Eisenhower take in response to the opposition faced by black students in Arkansas?

    <p>Asserted federal control and sent in the US Army</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following Supreme Court cases or acts with their key characteristics:

    <p>Korematsu v. United States = Upholding internment of Japanese Americans Brown v. Board of Education = Segregation in schools was unconstitutional War Powers Act = Limits presidential authority to deploy troops Federal Elections Campaign Act = Regulates campaign finance and contributions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Reagan's signing statement in 1988 acknowledged that the internment of Japanese Americans was a mistake.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the maximum individual contribution allowed under the Federal Elections Campaign Act (1974)?

    <p>$2700</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    US Supreme Court Rulings

    • Korematsu v. United States (1944): Upheld the internment of Japanese Americans during WWII, deferring military power to Congress and the presidency during wartime. This case set a precedent for the removal of freedoms during wartime. Ronald Reagan later acknowledged the internment as a mistake.

    • Brown v. Board of Education (1954): Ruled school segregation by race unconstitutional, violating the 14th Amendment. Met with opposition in the South, notably the governor of Arkansas who used the Arkansas National Guard to prevent black students from attending school. President Eisenhower sent in the US Army to ensure desegregation.

    Federal Legislation

    • War Powers Act (1973): Established limits on presidential military actions, requiring notification to Congress within 48 hours of military action and approval for deployments exceeding 60 days. President Nixon vetoed the act but Congress overrode it.

    • Federal Elections Campaign Act (FECA) (1974): Regulated federal campaign spending and contributions. Limited individual and group donations to candidates, increased transparency in campaign finance, and created political action committees (PACs). Soft money contributions remained unregulated.

    Other Notable Events

    • 9/11: Terrorist attacks prompted a declaration of emergency by the president and a shift in executive power, leading to the use of counter-terrorism measures and the Patriot Act.

    • Executive Order 13228 (2001): Established the Department of Homeland Security, consolidating homeland security efforts from various other departments.

    • Bipartisan Campaign Reform Act (2002): Amended FECA by banning soft money to federal candidates and campaign spending.

    • Hurricane Katrina (2005): The Bush administration's response to the disaster was criticized for its effectiveness, resulting in significant damage to the president's approval ratings. The disaster demonstrated how a disaster can change presidential power.

    • Obamacare (Affordable Care Act, ACA) (2010): Focused on expanding Medicaid and Medicare eligibility, as well as increasing funding for these programs. The law also required most Americans to have health insurance or pay a penalty.

    • Citizens United v. FEC (2010): Ruled that corporations and unions have a 1st Amendment right to spend unlimited amounts of money in campaigns.

    • Trump's Impeachments (2019 & 2021): The president was impeached by the House of Representatives on charges of abuse of power and obstruction of Congress, and incitement of insurrection.

    • Roe v. Wade (1973) & Dobbs v. Jackson (2022): Roe v. Wade established a woman's right to abortion. The Dobbs case overturned Roe v. Wade, returning the decision to individual states.

    • Trump Travel Ban (2017): Executive order restricting entry by citizens of specific nations, often referred to as the "Muslim Ban". This ban faced legal challenges and injunctions before being upheld by some courts.

    • Keystone XL Pipeline Veto (2015): President Obama vetoed legislation enabling expansion of the pipeline from Canada to the US, however the pipeline was later authorized. This showed how presidents can have limited impact in the long term.

    • Great Recession (2008): The economic downturn led to the Troubled Asset Relief Program, a major government intervention.

    • 2010 Midterms: Elections resulted in Republicans gaining control of the House.

    Amendments

    • 13th Amendment: Abolished slavery.
    • 14th Amendment: Defined citizenship, guaranteed equal protection under the law.
    • 18th & 21st Amendments: Prohibition and repeal of prohibition.
    • 22nd Amendment: Limited presidential terms to two.

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    US Past Supreme Court and Legislation Examples PDF

    Description

    This quiz covers significant US Supreme Court rulings including Korematsu v. United States and Brown v. Board of Education, delving into their implications on civil rights and government powers. Additionally, it explores landmark federal legislation like the War Powers Act, highlighting the balance of power in the U.S. government.

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