US History Unit 1: 13 Colonies to War of 1812

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Questions and Answers

What was the primary reason for the settlement of the northern colonies?

Seeking religious freedom

What was the significance of the Atlantic Ocean in the settlement of the colonies?

It played a crucial role

What was a common characteristic of the New England and Southern Colonies despite their different reasons for settlement?

Increasing religious toleration and pluralism

What is an example of a push factor?

Political or religious persecution Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary attraction of the British North American colonies for many settlers?

Economic opportunity Signup and view all the answers

What was the name of the group that founded Plymouth Colony in 1620?

The Puritans Signup and view all the answers

What did the Puritans view their new world refuge as, and what did it symbolize?

A 'city upon a hill', symbolizing their commitment to spread the gospel in their new homeland and an inspiration to further Protestant settlement. Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary motivation for settlement in the Massachusetts Bay Colony?

Religious freedom. Signup and view all the answers

What was the significance of shipbuilding, trading, and fishing in the New England colonies?

They were the primary economic activities. Signup and view all the answers

What was unique about the Middle Colonies in terms of demographics?

They had many types of ethnicities, languages, and religions. Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary motivation for settlement in the Middle Colonies?

Religious freedom. Signup and view all the answers

What was the 'Breadbasket colonies' known for in the Middle Colonies?

Farming, particularly oats and wheat. Signup and view all the answers

What saved Jamestown from failing and led to the growth of the Virginia Colony?

Tobacco. Signup and view all the answers

What was the significance of the headright system in the Southern Colonies?

It was a system that enticed settlers to Virginia by offering 50 acres of land in exchange for farming tobacco. Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary motivation for settlement in the Southern Colonies?

Economic reasons. Signup and view all the answers

What was the climate and geography like in the Southern Colonies?

Warm climate with fertile soil, and many long rivers flowing to the Atlantic Ocean. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

13 Original Colonies to War of 1812 (1607-1815)

The 3 Colonial Regions

The 13 British colonies were divided into New England, Middle, and Southern colonies.

Push and Pull Factors

Push factors: political or religious persecution, economic hardship, or natural or human-made disasters that cause people to leave their homeland.
Pull factors: freedom, education, and job opportunities that attract people to a new country.

The New England Colonies

Consisted of Rhode Island, New Hampshire, Massachusetts, and Connecticut.
Founded by Puritans in 1620, who sought religious freedom.
Plymouth Colony eventually merged with Massachusetts Bay Colony.
Economy relied heavily on the Atlantic Ocean, with shipbuilding, trading, and fishing as primary activities.
Slavery existed but was not the primary form of labor.
Geography: long, cold winters, rocky and poor soil quality, and areas covered with white pine and oak trees.
Government: self-government took form in town hall meetings where citizens gathered, discussed issues, and allowed men to vote.

The Middle Colonies

Consisted of New York, Pennsylvania, New Jersey, and Delaware.
Population was diverse, with many ethnicities, languages, and religions.
Quakers, led by William Penn, practiced non-violence, women's rights, and religious tolerance.
Huguenots, fleeing persecution in Catholic France, settled in New Netherland.
Slavery was present but less popular due to the emphasis on equality.
Economy was diverse, with a combination of farming and a coast for shipping.
Inland waterways helped create a thriving fur trade with Native Americans.
Geography: warm summers, cold winters, coastlines, rivers, good soil, and some mountains.

The Southern Colonies

Consisted of Maryland, Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina, and Georgia.
Founded in 1607, with Jamestown as the first successful English settlement.
Tobacco saved Jamestown from failing and led to the Virginia Colony's birth.
The headright system was formed to entice settlers to Virginia.
Staple crops (tobacco, rice, and indigo) gave birth to the plantation system.
Slavery and indentured servants became the majority of laborers.
Involuntary Migration: forced displacement of people from their home or region (slaves).
Indentured servants agreed to work for a long period in exchange for a free voyage.
Southern colonists were devoutly connected to Great Britain religiously (Anglican) and economically.
Economy relied on the plantation system, with tobacco, rice, and indigo as cash crops.
Geography: warm climate, fertile soil, and long rivers flowing to the Atlantic Ocean.
Government: social class/headright system.

Mercantilism and Triangular Trade

Mercantilism: providing natural resources and raw materials to the mother country, enriching the mother country's wealth.
Triangular trade: a trade network involving three continents, with goods and commodities exchanged at high levels.

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Description

Learn about the 13 original British colonies, their regional divisions, and their development from 1607 to 1815. Explore the role of the Atlantic Ocean in their settlement and the colonies' transformation into economically vibrant communities.