Podcast
Questions and Answers
What jobs did most lower class women have?
What jobs did most lower class women have?
Domestic work, agricultural jobs, and manufacturing.
What jobs did most middle and upper class women have?
What jobs did most middle and upper class women have?
Office workers, storekeepers, teachers, industrial workers, typists, stenographers, and bookkeepers.
What jobs did most African American women have?
What jobs did most African American women have?
Farming as a domestic worker, cooks, laundresses, scrubwomen, and maids.
What jobs did most immigrant women have?
What jobs did most immigrant women have?
What did it mean to be a boarder?
What did it mean to be a boarder?
What was one of the ways that educational opportunities for middle and upper class women changed?
What was one of the ways that educational opportunities for middle and upper class women changed?
What was another way educational opportunities changed for middle and upper class women?
What was another way educational opportunities changed for middle and upper class women?
What did women's colleges gear towards?
What did women's colleges gear towards?
How did these new opportunities affect the lives of middle and upper class women?
How did these new opportunities affect the lives of middle and upper class women?
What was the first strategy used to get women the right to vote?
What was the first strategy used to get women the right to vote?
What was the result of the first strategy?
What was the result of the first strategy?
What was the second strategy used to gain voting rights for women?
What was the second strategy used to gain voting rights for women?
What was the result of the second strategy?
What was the result of the second strategy?
What was the third strategy used to give women voting rights?
What was the third strategy used to give women voting rights?
What was the result of the third strategy?
What was the result of the third strategy?
What was the NACW?
What was the NACW?
Who was Susan B. Anthony?
Who was Susan B. Anthony?
What was the NAWSA?
What was the NAWSA?
What was suffrage?
What was suffrage?
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Study Notes
Employment of Women
- Lower class women primarily engaged in domestic work, agricultural jobs, and manufacturing roles.
- Middle and upper class women found opportunities as office workers, teachers, typists, storekeepers, and industrial workers.
- African American women often worked as domestic laborers, cooks, laundresses, scrubwomen, or maids.
- Unmarried immigrant women typically performed domestic labor, whereas married immigrant women engaged in piecework or took in boarders.
Educational Opportunities
- Women's colleges began creating separate campuses to provide educational opportunities for middle and upper class women.
- By 1920, the number of female high school graduates surged past that of male graduates.
- The aim of women's colleges was to offer women greater access to higher education.
Impact on Women's Lives
- New educational and employment opportunities encouraged middle and upper class women to participate actively in public life.
- Many women began to view marriage as just one option, increasingly pursuing independence through work or education.
Suffrage Movement Strategies
- The initial strategy for women's suffrage involved lobbying state legislatures to grant voting rights, resulting in success in Wyoming, Utah, Colorado, and Idaho.
- A second strategy included filing court cases testing the 14th Amendment by voting, leading to a Supreme Court ruling in 1875 affirming women's citizenship but not linking it to voting rights.
- The third strategy focused on advocating for a constitutional amendment to secure women’s voting rights, with limited successes documented.
Key Organizations and Figures
- The National Association of Colored Women (NACW), founded in 1896, supported African American women in managing nurseries, kindergartens, and reading rooms.
- Susan B. Anthony was a fundamental figure in the women's suffrage movement, co-founding the National Women Suffrage Association with Elizabeth Cady Stanton and helping define the movement’s goals.
- The National American Women Suffrage Association (NAWSA) emerged from the merger of the National Women Suffrage Association, becoming a leading group advocating for women's right to vote.
- Suffrage is a term used interchangeably with the right to vote, representing a key focus of the women's rights movement.
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