Questions and Answers
What was the Roosevelt Recession?
What was the purpose of the Second Agricultural Adjustment Act?
To subsidize farmers for planting soil enriching crops.
What is an Ever-normal granary?
A system where the federal government purchases surplus non-perishable goods.
What did crop insurance provide for farmers?
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What did the Fair Labor Standards Act of 1938 establish?
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What government actions contributed to the recession in 1937-1938?
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What measures were enacted by Congress in 1938 to aid farmers and workers?
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What was Roosevelt's plan to reform the Supreme Court?
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Study Notes
Roosevelt Recession
- The recession from 1937-1938 was a significant economic downturn during the Great Depression.
- Production, profits, and wages had rebounded to 1929 levels by spring 1937.
- Unemployment fell slightly but remained high, previously reaching 25% in 1933.
- The recession lasted 13 months, significantly impacting the American economy.
Second Agricultural Adjustment Act (Second AAA)
- The original AAA was superseded by the Second AAA, which received court approval.
- This act transitioned from compensating farmers for leaving fields uncultivated to subsidizing the planting of soil-enriching crops, like alfalfa, which were not intended for sale.
Ever-normal Granary
- The U.S. government committed to purchasing surplus non-perishable agricultural goods when farmers produced more than the market could absorb.
- This surplus would be stored and utilized to stabilize supply during shortages.
Crop Insurance
- A new AAA bill introduced by Congress included provisions for crop loans and insurance against natural disasters.
- It also provided substantial subsidies to farmers who reduced their crop production.
Fair Labor Standards Act (FLSA)
- Enacted in 1938, the FLSA established a national minimum wage and guaranteed overtime pay at "time-and-a-half" for certain jobs.
- The act prohibited oppressive child labor and applied to employees in interstate commerce or enterprises engaged in commerce or production of goods for commerce.
Government Actions Leading to the 1937-1938 Recession
- Under pressure from critics, President Roosevelt reduced federal spending on the New Deal after four years of investment which had lowered unemployment and fostered economic growth.
- This contraction in spending contributed to a downturn, reversing some gains made previously.
Measures Enacted in 1938 for Farmers and Workers
- The Fair Labor Standards Act set maximum working hours and established minimum wages for several categories of employees, aiming to improve labor conditions.
Roosevelt's Supreme Court Reform Plan
- The Judicial Procedures Reform Bill of 1937, known as the "court-packing plan," sought to increase the number of justices on the U.S. Supreme Court.
- Roosevelt's approach aimed to reform the judiciary but reflected a cautious stance regarding major alterations to America's economic and social structures, consistent with the broader New Deal philosophy.
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Explore key terms from Chapter 24 of US History through these flashcards. This quiz will help you understand critical concepts like the Roosevelt Recession during the Great Depression and its impact on the American economy. Test your knowledge and prepare effectively for your studies.
