U.S. History Chapter 24 Flashcards
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Questions and Answers

Who was the sole dictator of the Soviet Union?

  • Winston Churchill
  • Adolf Hitler
  • Benito Mussolini
  • Josef Stalin (correct)

    • What is a totalitarian state?

    A nation in which a single party controls the government and every aspect of people's lives.

    Who was Benito Mussolini?

    Prime Minister of Italy who restored order through strong leadership.

    What is fascism?

    <p>A political system based on militarism, extreme nationalism, and blind loyalty to the state and its leader.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who was Adolf Hitler?

    <p>Extreme nationalist and leader of the Nazi Party.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does aggression refer to in a war context?

    <p>A warlike act by one country against another without cause.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is appeasement?

    <p>A policy of giving in to aggression in order to avoid war.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who was Winston Churchill?

    <p>British Prime Minister known for his speech 'We shall never surrender.'</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is total war?

    <p>Conflict involving not just armies, but entire nations.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who was Dwight D. Eisenhower?

    <p>Leader of American troops who occupied Morocco and Algeria in North Africa.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who was Douglas MacArthur?

    <p>Commander of Filipino-American forces during World War II.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the Lend-Lease Act?

    <p>Allowed America to lend or lease supplies to Great Britain and other nations fighting the Nazis.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did the Atlantic Charter outline?

    <p>Goals for the postwar world, including a new international organization.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What were the postwar problems that led to the rise of dictators?

    <p>Economic instability, political unrest, and societal upheaval.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why did the rulers of Japan, Italy, and Germany want to expand their territories?

    <p>To conquer other nations.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which nation did Italy invade?

    <p>Ethiopia.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which nation attacked China?

    <p>Japan.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did the Neutrality Act forbid?

    <p>Forbade the President from selling arms, making loans, or giving assistance to any nation involved in war.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which country invaded Poland?

    <p>Soviet Union.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What event brought the United States into World War II?

    <p>The Pearl Harbor attack by Japan.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happened at the Battle of Midway?

    <p>Japan took Midway.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the outcome of the Battle of the Coral Sea?

    <p>The U.S. halted the Japanese drive to New Guinea.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does rationing mean?

    <p>The act of setting limits on the amount of scarce goods people can buy.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does it mean to intern?

    <p>Temporarily imprison.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who was A. Philip Randolph?

    <p>Union leader who threatened a mass protest unless Roosevelt ended discrimination in the armed forces.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who was Henry S. Truman?

    <p>Vice President who suddenly became President after Roosevelt's death.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is island hopping?

    <p>American forces would capture some Japanese-held islands and go around others.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are kamikaze missions?

    <p>Suicide pilots crashing their planes into American ships.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is genocide?

    <p>The deliberate attempt to wipe out an entire nation or group of people.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who were braceros?

    <p>Mexican laborers who often faced prejudice and violent strife.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are war crimes?

    <p>Wartime acts of cruelty and brutality judged to be beyond the accepted rules of war.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who was Rosie the Riveter?

    <p>A fictional character and symbol of women who worked for the war effort.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the significance of Korematsu vs. U.S.?

    <p>The Supreme Court ruled that military necessity justified internment.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was D-Day?

    <p>The Allied Powers' operation to free France involving more than 155,000 troops.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does V-E stand for?

    <p>Victory in Europe.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does V-J stand for?

    <p>Victory over Japan.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the Bataan Death March?

    <p>The forced march of 70,000 soldiers by the Japanese, resulting in many deaths.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What were the Nuremberg Trials?

    <p>Trials where national leaders were prosecuted for war crimes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the Holocaust?

    <p>The murder of 6 million Jews under Nazi rule.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Key Figures and Concepts in WWII

    • Josef Stalin: Sole dictator of the Soviet Union; established a totalitarian state; oversaw execution or imprisonment of millions of dissenters.
    • Totalitarian State: A political system where a single party dominates all facets of life, including governance and personal freedoms.
    • Benito Mussolini: Prime Minister of Italy; restored order through authoritarian leadership.
    • Fascism: An authoritarian political ideology characterized by militarism, extreme nationalism, and loyalty to the state and its leaders.
    • Adolf Hitler: Leader of the Nazi Party; promoted the idea of racial superiority, deeming Germans as a "master race."

    Causes of Conflict and Responses

    • Aggression: Defined as hostile actions taken by one nation against another without just cause.
    • Appeasement: Policy aimed at avoiding conflict by conceding to aggressive demands from other nations.
    • Winston Churchill: British Prime Minister known for his steadfast leadership and rhetoric, notably the phrase "We shall never surrender."

    Nature of War

    • Total War: Warfare that encompasses not just military forces but entire nations and their resources.
    • Lend-Lease Act: Legislation permitting the U.S. to provide support to allies in WWII by lending or leasing supplies; challenged neutrality principles.
    • Atlantic Charter: A pivotal agreement outlining postwar goals and the vision for a new global organization to ensure peace.

    Military Events and Strategies

    • D-Day: Major Allied invasion of Normandy on June 6, 1944, led by General Eisenhower, marking a crucial turning point in the war.
    • Battle of Midway: A critical naval battle where the U.S. decisively defeated Japan, shifting the balance in the Pacific.
    • Island Hopping: A military strategy employed by the U.S. to capture key islands in the Pacific, bypassing others.

    Humanitarian Aspects and Social Issues

    • Rationing: System of limiting the purchase of scarce resources during wartime to ensure sufficient supply for military needs.
    • Internment: The practice of detaining Japanese Americans during WWII due to national security concerns, leading to legal challenges.
    • A. Philip Randolph: A union leader who advocated for civil rights in the military, threatening protests against discrimination.

    War Crimes and Aftermath

    • Genocide: The deliberate extermination of a particular group, exemplified by the Holocaust, where six million Jews were murdered.
    • Nuremberg Trials: Landmark military tribunals prosecuting Nazi leaders for war crimes, establishing accountability for wartime actions.

    Additional Key Historical Events

    • Bataan Death March: Forced march of American and Filipino prisoners by Japanese troops, resulting in high fatalities due to extreme conditions.
    • Holocaust: Systematic genocide orchestrated by Hitler, aimed at annihilating the Jewish population of Europe, described as the "final solution."
    • V-E Day: Victory in Europe Day, celebrated on May 8, 1945, after Germany's unconditional surrender.
    • V-J Day: Victory over Japan Day, marking Japan's announcement of surrender on August 14, 1945, after the atomic bombings.

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    Description

    Test your knowledge on key figures and concepts from Chapter 24 of U.S. History. This quiz features important terms such as Josef Stalin, totalitarian states, and Benito Mussolini, helping you understand their impact on world history. Perfect for students preparing for exams or anyone interested in historical events.

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