U.S. History Chapter 16.3 Flashcards

Questions and Answers

What were the Neutrality Acts?

Laws passed by Congress to ban the sale of arms or loans to nations at war.

What are the Axis Powers?

Germany, Italy, and Japan

What was the Selective Training & Service Act?

First peacetime military draft under which 16 million men between the ages of 21 and 35 were registered.

What did the Lend-Lease Act allow?

Lending or leasing arms to any nation whose defense was vital to the U.S. Signup and view all the answers

What was the Atlantic Charter?

A British and American statement of war goals Signup and view all the answers

Who were the Allies in World War II?

The U.S., Britain, and the Soviet Union Signup and view all the answers

How did Isolationism affect foreign policy?

Isolationism caused Congress to pass the Neutrality Acts, which banned loans and arms sales to nations at war. Signup and view all the answers

What hint did President Roosevelt give about the possibility of war?

He suggested that if Britain fell, there would be no one else to stop Hitler and proposed the Lend-Lease Act. Signup and view all the answers

What events moved the United States closer to war?

A German U-Boat fired at an American destroyer, leading to tensions that escalated into war. Signup and view all the answers

What event caused the American declaration of war against Japan?

The bombing of Pearl Harbor by Japan. Signup and view all the answers

What did the Neutrality Act allow?

Countries could buy U.S. arms if they paid cash and provided transportation. Signup and view all the answers

Who were the Axis Powers?

Germany, Italy, Japan, and Spain. Signup and view all the answers

What did the Lend-Lease Act do?

Gave the president the authority to lend or lease arms and supplies to any country vital to the U.S. defense. Signup and view all the answers

What actions did the United States take to protest Japan's actions?

They cut off trade with Japan, stopping the supply of oil. Signup and view all the answers

What pledges were contained in the Atlantic Charter?

Collective security, disarmament, self-determination, economic cooperation, and freedom of the seas. Signup and view all the answers

What was the impact of the attack on the U.S. Pacific fleet?

The attack damaged twenty-one ships and sank eight. Signup and view all the answers

Why did Germany and Italy declare war on the United States?

They declared war after the U.S. declared war on Japan following the bombing of Pearl Harbor. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

U.S. Neutrality and Isolationism

Neutrality Acts banned arms sales and loans to nations at war, reflecting isolationist sentiments in Congress.
Isolationism influenced U.S. foreign policy decisions, including rejecting assistance plans for China.

Key Powers and Alliances

Axis Powers: Germany, Italy, and Japan united against the Allies; aimed to keep the U.S. from engaging in war.
Allies comprised the U.S., Britain, and the Soviet Union, opposing the Axis Powers.

Military Draft and War Preparation

Selective Training & Service Act introduced America's first peacetime military draft, registering 16 million men aged 21 to 35.
Lend-Lease Act allowed the U.S. to provide arms and supplies to nations vital for its defense, particularly aiding Britain and the Soviet Union.

Escalating Tensions and Events Leading to War

Roosevelt warned that peace negotiations with Hitler were futile and emphasized the importance of supporting Britain.
The U.S. engaged in conflict when a German U-Boat attacked an American destroyer in September 1941, prompting military responses.

Pearl Harbor and U.S. Entry into World War II

Japan's bombing of Pearl Harbor on December 7, 1941, led to significant American casualties and destruction of naval assets, killing 2,400 people.
Following the attack, the U.S. declared war on Japan, prompting Germany and Italy to declare war on the United States.

Impacts of Neutrality and Economic Policies

The Neutrality Act permitted the sale of arms to foreign nations only on a cash-and-carry basis to limit U.S. involvement.
U.S. trade cuts with Japan, especially oil exports, significantly weakened Japan's military capabilities.

Principles of the Atlantic Charter

The Atlantic Charter outlined ideals such as collective security, economic cooperation, disarmament, self-determination, and freedom of the seas.

Consequences of War Declarations

The attack on Pearl Harbor damaged twenty-one ships and sank eight, severely impacting U.S. naval power in the Pacific.

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Description

Test your knowledge of key terms and concepts from U.S. History Chapter 16.3, which explores America's path toward war before World War II. Familiarize yourself with important legislation, military drafts, and the principal nations involved during this period. Perfect for students looking to reinforce their understanding of historical events leading up to the conflict.