US History Chapter 1 Review Flashcards

What funded the first British settlements and allowed for wealthy investors to share?

What is the economic theory that a nation could increase its wealth and power by obtaining as much gold and silver as possible?

What was the first successful British colony established in 1607?

What was the second successful British colony established in 1620?

What term describes the exchange of goods between Europe and the Americas following the discovery of new plants and animals?

What intellectual movement in the 17th and 18th centuries emphasized human reason and rights?

What movement challenged church authority in the 18th century?

Who is known for his philosophy regarding natural rights and the social contract?

What are the natural rights of man as articulated by philosophers?

What theory states that people in society choose to be governed as long as their rights are protected?

What document declared independence for the colonies from England?

What system of government creates a central government and local state governments with divided powers?

What system was built into the Constitution to ensure no branch of government becomes too powerful?

What is the separation of the powers of government into different branches called?

What was created by the Continental Congress during the Revolutionary War for a unified government?

What document serves as the basis for the government in the United States?

What were added to the Constitution in 1791 to secure specific rights for individual people?

What war led to conflict between the colonies and Britain over taxation?

What was the political battle between 1765 and 1783 that led to the independence of the United States?

Who fought between the British Empire and the United States from 1812 to 1814?

_________________ were the first American political party that believed in the ideas of nationalism and industrialization.

_____________ emerged as the Democratic-Republican Party and was led by Thomas Jefferson.

What event led to the 12th Amendment?

Who is famous for writing the Declaration of Independence and was the third president of the United States?

Who fought for American Independence and was a member of the Continental Congress?

What amendment was established due to confusion in the election process?

What case established the principle of judicial review?

What is the power of courts to decide the validity of acts of the legislative and executive branches of government?

What doctrine warned European nations to stay out of American affairs?

What was the large area of land purchased from France that doubled the size of the United States?

What was the policy of westward expansion believed to be a divine right of the American people?

Who first ran for president in 1824 and lost due to Congress choosing the winner?

What system involved the removal of political opponents from federal offices?

What agreement allowed Missouri to enter the Union as a slave state and Maine as a free state?

What compromise allowed California to be admitted as a free state and left the status of slavery in New Mexico and Utah territories to popular sovereignty?

What laws guaranteed the right of owners to recover escaped slaves?

What book by Harriet Beecher Stowe put a human face on slavery?

Who was a white man that fought against slavery and died fighting for it?

What Supreme Court case ruled against a slave who sued for freedom and argued his case based on having lived in free territory?

What act passed in 1854 organized territories acquired in the Louisiana Purchase to decide on the issue of slavery?

What term describes the idea that people living in a territory had the right to decide whether to allow slavery?

What is the term for withdrawal from the union?

What was formed by several states in the southern part of the United States in February 1861?

What were the first shots of the Civil War fired at?

Who won the election of 1860?

What years did the Civil War take place?