US Court System and Judicial Review

<p>It summarizes the key facts, legal issues, and the court's decision. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Hearing appeals from lower courts to correct legal errors. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It uses a panel of three judges, except in special cases where more judges participate, to review lower-court decisions. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They indicate disagreement with the majority opinion, and can influence future legal arguments. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It insulates judges from political pressure, allowing them to make decisions based on the law. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They agree with the outcome but disagree with the reasoning of the main opinion. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Personal anecdotes of the judge writing the opinion (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Discretionary jurisdiction, allowing it to choose which cases to hear. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Court of Limited Jurisdiction (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Appeal to the Intermediate Appellate Court. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It must hear all properly filed appeals. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The court is sending the case back to a lower court for further action. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The case has significant implications for the interpretation and application of the law across the state. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A prior decision that is grievously wrong, has led to substantial negative consequences, and its reversal would have minimal impact on reliance interests. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Felonies are more serious offenses resulting in longer sentences, whereas misdemeanors are less serious with shorter sentences or fines. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The individual may face both criminal prosecution by the state and civil lawsuits from the injured party. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>In criminal trials, the state must prove guilt beyond a reasonable doubt, whereas, in civil trials, the standard is the preponderance of the evidence. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Common law systems can be slow to adapt to changing social conditions because precedents can be difficult to overturn or modify. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Problem-Solving Court/Treatment Court (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Administrative Law (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Courts should decide similar cases based on previous precedents. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Claim the facts in the current case are different from the facts in the precedent. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The jury selection process systematically excluded a specific gender, violating the right to a jury of peers. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Courts' decisions must evolve with society, and judges are allowed to overrule previous decisions when a precedent is outdated. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>There can still be the rule of law if judges are allowed to overturn precedents. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Local Ordinance (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The legal authority for a court to hear and decide a case.

Courts where trials and hearings occur, focusing on fact-finding.

Courts that hear appeals from lower courts and correct errors.

Federal trial courts that handle federal crimes violating the Constitution or statutes.

Courts with a panel of three judges to review lower court decisions.

The final arbiter in the U.S. judicial system, resolving major disputes and constitutional questions.

The ability of the Supreme Court to choose which cases to hear, typically about 100 cases per year.

Separate opinions by justices that either agree or disagree with the majority opinion in a Supreme Court case.

The court's official decision in a case.

Judges agree with the main opinion but for different reasons.

Judges who disagree with the main opinion.

Final determination of the court on the case's outcome.

Courts that hear minor cases and preliminary stages of felonies.

Courts that hear all cases not specifically for limited courts.

Courts that hear appeals from trial courts and are required to hear all properly filed cases.

The highest state court that can choose which cases to hear, usually significant ones.

A specialized court focusing on offenses committed by minors.

Courts designed to address specific societal issues through rehabilitation.

The legal principle of determining points in litigation according to precedent.

Laws developed through court decisions rather than statutes.

A court decision that serves as a reference for future cases.

The act of a court deciding that a previous ruling is no longer valid.

Directives issued by the President or state governors to manage operations.

Laws created by executive agencies to regulate activities.

The act of reversing a legal precedent due to reasons like it being egregiously wrong or causing social harm.

The legitimate expectations of individuals or entities who depend on previous legal decisions as a basis for their actions.

Felonies are serious crimes with longer sentences, while misdemeanors are less serious with shorter penalties.

Criminal cases involve state violations, while civil cases are disputes between private parties with less state interest.

In criminal trials, the state must prove guilt beyond a reasonable doubt; in civil trials, it must be more likely than not.