U.S. Constitutional Law Quiz

Libel refers to written defamation, while slander refers to spoken defamation.

The Supremacy Clause establishes that national law is supreme over state laws.

Reserved powers are those not delegated to the federal government, such as the power to regulate elections.

<p>Bills of Attainder are laws that declare an act illegal without a judicial trial, and they are prohibited to protect individual rights.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Dillon's Rule states that local governments must be authorized by state governments.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Judicial Review.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>That it was constitutional under the Necessary and Proper Clause.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>There is no executive privilege to withhold evidence.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Struck down due to the Commerce Clause.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It violated the Establishment Clause.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Free Exercise of religion.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The First Amendment guarantees freedom of speech.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Separate is inherently unequal.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It requires the official to perform a duty they are legally obligated to complete.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Stare Decisis means that courts should follow precedents set by previous rulings in similar cases.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To determine whether there is enough evidence to bring criminal charges against a suspect.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The Incorporation Doctrine requires state and local governments to honor the rights guaranteed in the Bill of Rights through the 14th Amendment.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The PATRIOT Act focuses on enhancing law enforcement's ability to combat terrorism, sometimes at the expense of civil liberties.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Judicial Restraint encourages judges to defer to the decisions of other branches of government even if they disagree with them.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Federalist 10 argues that factions are inevitable due to differing opinions and interests, and they can be harmful to public welfare.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The Exclusionary Rule prohibits the use of evidence obtained through illegal means in a court of law.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Civil Disobedience refers to the act of peacefully breaking a law that one considers unjust, while accepting the consequences.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The Solicitor General represents the federal government in cases before the Supreme Court and manages its appellate litigation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The social contract theory posits that individuals give up some natural rights in exchange for governmental protection and benefits, as emphasized by Enlightenment philosophers like John Locke and Rousseau.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Participatory democracy empowers citizens to directly influence policy decisions, while elite democracy restricts decision-making to a small, affluent group.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Shays' Rebellion exposed the weaknesses of a lack of federal taxation and the inability to maintain a standing army, leaving the government underfunded and ineffective.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The Great Compromise established a bicameral legislature, combining the Virginia and New Jersey plans by creating the House of Representatives based on population and the Senate with equal state representation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Federalism is the division of powers between the national and state governments, where each level operates within its own sphere of authority.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The Commerce Clause gives the federal government the power to regulate interstate commerce, allowing for a unified economic policy across states.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Discretionary spending requires annual renewal, allowing Congress to influence budget allocations and prioritize programs based on current needs.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The filibuster allows a senator to prolong debate and delay or block a vote on a bill unless a cloture vote is achieved, requiring at least 60 votes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Affirmative action is a policy aimed at increasing opportunities for historically marginalized groups to promote equal access in education and employment.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Tinker v. Des Moines established that students retain their right to free speech in schools as long as it does not disrupt educational processes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Separation of powers is the division of government responsibilities into distinct branches (executive, legislative, and judicial) to prevent any one branch from gaining too much power.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The 14th Amendment guarantees equal protection under the law and prohibits discrimination, ensuring that all citizens, regardless of race or status, have equal rights.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Congress can conduct committee hearings, utilize the power of the purse, and review regulations to ensure that executive agencies implement laws as intended.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Civil liberties are protections against government actions ensuring individual freedoms, while civil rights promote equal treatment and protection from discrimination.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The 22nd Amendment limits the presidency to two terms, preventing any one individual from holding too much power over an extended period.</p> Signup and view all the answers